| 1. |
- Smits, KM, et al.
(author)
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Association of metabolic gene polymorphisms with tobacco consumption in healthy controls
- 2004
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 110:2, s. 266-270
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polymorphisms in genes that encode for metabolic enzymes have been associated with variations in enzyme activity between individuals. Such variations could be associated with differences in individual exposure to carcinogens that are metabolized by these genes. In this study, we examine the association between polymorphisms in several metabolic genes and the consumption of tobacco in a large sample of healthy individuals. The database of the International Collaborative Study on Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Carcinogens was used. All the individuals who were controls from the case-control studies included in the data set with information on smoking habits and on genetic polymorphisms were selected (n = 20,938). Sufficient information was available on the following genes that are involved in the metabolism of tobacco smoke constituents: CYPIAI, GSTMI, GSTTI, NAT2 and GSTPI. None of the tested genes was clearly associated with smoking behavior. Information on smoking dose, available for a subset of subjects, showed no effect of metabolic gene polymorphisms on the amount of smoking. No association between polymorphisms in the genes studied and tobacco consumption was observed; therefore, no effect of these genes on smoking behavior should be expected.
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| 9. |
- Bourquin, V., et al.
(author)
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Xyloglucan endotransglycosylases have a function during the formation of secondary cell walls of vascular tissues
- 2002
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In: The Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 14:12, s. 3073-3088
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Xyloglucan transglycosylases (XETs) have been implicated in many aspects of cell wall biosynthesis, but their function in vascular tissues, in general, and in the formation of secondary walls, in particular, is less well understood. Using an in situ XET activity assay in poplar stems, we have demonstrated XET activity in xylem and phloem fibers at the stage of secondary wall formation. Immunolocalization of fucosylated xylogucan with CCRC-M1 antibodies showed that levels of this species increased at the border between the primary and secondary wall layers at the time of secondary wall deposition. Furthermore, one of the most abundant XET isoforms in secondary vascular tissues (PttXET16A) was cloned and immunolocalized to fibers at the stage of secondary wall formation. Together, these data strongly suggest that XET has a previously unreported role in restructuring primary walls at the time when secondary wall layers are deposited, probably creating and reinforcing the connections between the primary and secondary wall layers. We also observed that xylogucan is incorporated at a high level in the inner layer of nacreous walls of mature sieve tube elements.
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| 10. |
- Brodowski, W, et al.
(author)
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Exclusive measurement of pp -> pp pi(+)pi(-) at CELSIUS
- 2000
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In: ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B. - : ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS. - 0587-4254. ; 31:10-11, s. 2295-2298
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the PROMICE/WASA detector setup at CELSIUS the reaction pp --> NN pi pi has been measured in the energy range from 650 to 775 MeV. These data constitute the first exclusive high-statistics measurements on a pure hydrogen target, supplying both differ
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| 11. |
- Garte, S, et al.
(author)
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Metabolic gene polymorphism frequencies in control populations
- 2001
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In: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. - 1055-9965. ; 10:12, s. 1239-1248
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 13. |
- Goepfert, C, et al.
(author)
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Disordered cellular migration and angiogenesis in cd39-null mice
- 2001
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In: Circulation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 104:25, s. 3109-3115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1)/CD39 is the major ectonucleotidase of endothelial cells and monocytes and catalyzes phosphohydrolysis of extracellular nucleoside diphosphates (NDP) and triphosphates (NTP, eg, ATP and UTP). Deletion of cd39 causes perturbations in the hydrolysis of NTP and NDP in the vasculature. Activation of P2 receptors appears to influence endothelial cell chemotactic and mitogenic responses in vitro. Therefore, aberrant regulation of nucleotide P2 receptors may influence angiogenesis in cd39-null mice. Methods and Results- In control mice, implanted Matrigel plugs containing growth factors were rapidly populated by monocyte/macrophages, endothelial cells, and pericytes, with the development of new vessels over days. In cd39-null mice, migrating cells were completely confined to the tissue-Matrigel interface in a clearly stratified manner. Absolute failure of new vessel ingrowth was consistently observed in the mutant mice. Linked to these findings, chemotaxis of cd39-null monocyte/macrophages to nucleotides was impaired in vitro. This abnormality was associated with desensitization of nucleotide receptor P2Y-mediated signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate a role for NTPDase1 and phosphohydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides in the regulation of the cellular infiltration and new vessel growth in a model of angiogenesis.
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| 14. |
- Gray-Mitsumune, Madoka, et al.
(author)
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Expansins abundant in secondary xylem belong to subgroup a of the alpha-expansin gene family (1 w )
- 2004
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In: Plant Physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 135:3, s. 1552-1564
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Differentiation of xylem cells in dicotyledonous plants involves expansion of the radial primary cell walls and intrusive tip growth of cambial derivative cells prior to the deposition of a thick secondary wall essential for xylem function. Expansins are cell wall-residing proteins that have an ability to plasticize the cellulose-hemicellulose network of primary walls. We found expansin activity in proteins extracted from the cambial region of mature stems in a model tree species hybrid aspen (Populus tremula X Populus tremuloides Michx). We identified three a-expansin genes (PttEXP1, PttEXP2, and PttEXP8) and one beta-expansin gene (PttEXPB1) in a cambial region expressed sequence tag library, among which PttEXP1 was most abundantly represented. Northern-blot analyses in aspen vegetative organs and tissues showed that PttEXP1 was specifically expressed in mature stems exhibiting secondary growth, where it was present in the cambium and in the radial expansion zone. By contrast, PttEXP2 was mostly expressed in developing leaves. In situ reverse transcription-PCR provided evidence for accumulation of mRNA of PttEXP1 along with ribosomal rRNA at the tips of intrusively growing xylem fibers, suggesting that PttEXP1 protein has a role in intrusive tip growth. An examination of tension wood and leaf cDNA libraries identified another expansin, PttEXP5, very similar to PttEXP1, as the major expansin in developing tension wood, while PttEXP3 was the major expansin expressed in developing leaves. Comparative analysis of expansins expressed in woody stems in aspen, Arabidopsis, and pine showed that the most abundantly expressed expansins share sequence similarities, belonging to the subfamily A of alpha-expansins and having two conserved motifs at the beginning and end of the mature protein, RIPVG and KNFRV, respectively. This conservation suggests that these genes may share a specialized, not yet identified function.
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| 17. |
- Hertzberg, M., et al.
(author)
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A transcriptional roadmap to wood formation
- 2001
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 98:25, s. 14732-14737
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The large vascular meristem of poplar trees with its highly organized secondary xylem enables the boundaries between different developmental zones to be easily distinguished. This property of wood-forming tissues allowed us to determine a unique tissue-specific transcript profile for a well defined developmental gradient. RNA was prepared from different developmental stages of xylogenesis for DNA microarray analysis by using a hybrid aspen unigene set consisting of 2,995 expressed sequence tags. The analysis revealed that the genes encoding lignin and cellulose biosynthetic enzymes, as well as a number of transcription factors and other potential regulators of xylogenesis, are under strict developmental stage-specific transcriptional regulation.
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| 22. |
- Norrbom, J, et al.
(author)
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PGC-1alpha mRNA expression is influenced by metabolic perturbation in exercising human skeletal muscle
- 2004
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In: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). - : American Physiological Society. - 8750-7587 .- 1522-1601. ; 96:1, s. 189-194
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Endurance training leads to many adaptational changes in several tissues. In skeletal muscle, fatty acid usage is enhanced and mitochondrial content is increased. The exact molecular mechanisms regulating these functional and structural changes remain to be elucidated. Contractile activity-induced metabolic perturbation has repeatedly been shown to be important for the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis. Recent reports suggest that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)/mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) pathway is involved in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. In the present study, nine healthy men performed two 45-min bouts of one-legged knee extension exercise: one bout with restricted blood flow, and the other with nonrestricted blood flow to the working muscle. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle before exercise and at 0, 30, 120, and 360 min after the exercise bout. Biopsies were analyzed for whole muscle, as well as fiber-type specific mRNA expression of myocyte-enriched calcineurin interacting protein (MCIP)-1, PGC-1α, and downstream mitochondrial transcription factors. A novel finding was that, in human skeletal muscle, PGC-1α mRNA increased more after exercise with restricted blood flow than in the nonrestricted condition. No changes were observed for the mRNA of NRF-1, Tfam, mitochondrial transcription factor B1, and mitochondrial transcription factor B2. Muscle fiber type I and type II did not differ in the basal PGC-1α mRNA levels or in the expression increase after ischemic training. Another novel finding was that there was no difference between the restricted and nonrestricted exercise conditions in the increase of MCIP-1 mRNA, a marker for calcineurin activation. This suggests that calcineurin may be activated by exercise in humans and does not exclude that calcineurin could play a role in PGC-1 transcription activation in human skeletal muscle.
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| 27. |
- Sun, AY, et al.
(author)
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Ethanol and oxidative stress
- 2001
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In: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research. - 0145-6008. ; 25:55 Suppl ISBRA, s. 237S-243S
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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