| 1. |
- Silveira, Ellen R. T., 1963, et al.
(author)
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Performance of the SF-36 health survey in screening for depressive and anxiety disorders in an elderly female Swedish population.
- 2005
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In: Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0962-9343. ; 14:5, s. 1263-74
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity, specificity and predictive validity of suggested cut-off scores in the SF-36 mental health (MH) and mental component summary (MCS) in screening for depressive and anxiety disorders in a population sample of older Swedish women. METHOD: The sample comprised 586 randomly selected females aged 70-84 years who took part in an in-depth psychiatric examination. This provided the 'gold standard' against which the usefulness of SF-36 recommended thresholds for screening for depressive and anxiety disorders in older Swedish women was examined. RESULTS: Based on DSM-III-R criteria, 69 women (12%) were diagnosed with depression (major depression, dysthymia and/or depression NOS) and 49 (8%) with generalised anxiety and panic disorders. The previously recommended MH and MCS cut-offs (i.e. 52 and 42) gave a specificity for diagnosis of depression of 92 and 82% and sensitivity of 58 and 71%, respectively. Both the MH and MCS were good predictors of depressive disorders but poor predictors of anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION: The study supports the predictive validity of suggested SF-36 MH and MCS cut-off scores in screening for depressive disorder but not for anxiety disorder in older women in Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(author)
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Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000.
- 2008
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In: Läkarstämman, Göteborg 2008.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000. Bakgrund Under de senaste åren har framför allt en del internationell drogforskning fokuserat på fenomen som dryckeskontext och egna motiv till att dricka samt dessas samband med alkoholkonsumtion. Dryckeskontext har i nämnda studier definierats på något olika sätt, några mer teoretiskt förankrade, gemensamt kan sägas att man försökt besvara frågor om var, med vem och varför man druckit alkohol I den aktuella studien har vi analyserat sambandet mellan dryckeskontext och alkoholkonsumtion bland 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor i Göteborg. Syftet var att undersöka om det fanns specifika dryckesmönster, med hänsyftning på kontextuella variabler, om dessa dryckesmönster skiljde sig åt mellan undersökningsåren och om vissa dryckesmönster visade starkare samband med olika grader av alkoholkonsumtion. Metod Data från en befolkningsundersökning, ”Kvinnor och alkohol i Göteborg”: I studien ingick 897 unga kvinnor intervjuade under åren 1995 och 2000. Då dryckeskontext kan ses som ett multifaktoriellt fenomen valde vi att använda klusteranalys (”Two-step clustering”) för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster. Vi använde Pearson Chi-square för att undersöka skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion mellan de olika grupperna. Alkoholkonsumtion fördelades som Alkoholmissbruk/beroende - ABM, Intensivkonsumtion (60g etanol/tillfälle) - IK, Intensivkonsumtion/12 mån. – IK12 och Hög alkoholkonsumtion (20g etanol/dag senaste månaden) - HAK. Resultat Med hjälp av klusteranalys identifierades tre grupper med olika dryckesmönster för varje undersökningsår. 1995 syntes en grupp måttlighetsdrickare, en grupp som drack ofta både i sociala sammanhang och i ensamhet samt en grupp som bejakade mest upplevda effekter av sitt drickande. 2000 fann vi åter gruppen måttlighetsdrickare, därtill en grupp där man bejakade sociala effekter av alkohol och en annan grupp som uppgav mer fysiska och kognitiva effekter. 1995 visade gruppen som drack i ofta i sociala sammanhang signifikanta samband med ABM, IK12 och HAK. År 2000 sågs signifikanta samband med alla konsumtionsvariablerna hos de båda grupper som bejakande olika upplevda effekter av alkoholanvändning. Sammanfattning Klusteranalys var en god metod för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster som underlag för analys av skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion. Analysen understryker vikten av att ta hänsyn till upplevda effekter av och egna anledningar till drickande när man vill medverka till en minskad alkoholkonsumtion i befolkningen.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(author)
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Young women´s drinking contexts. A cluster analysis of 20- and 25-year old women.
- 2007
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In: 33rd Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, Budapest 20070604-08.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the last years some international research on young adult drinking have focused on drinking contexts and drinking motives and the association with alcohol consumption. In this study we have analysed the association between drinking context and alcohol consumption in 20- and 25-year old women in Sweden. The aim was to find if drinking patterns, with respect to drinking context, varied between 1995 and 2000 and if specific drinking patterns related to specific consumption variables. Method: A total of 897 respondents were interviewed in 1995 and 2000. Looking at drinking context as a multi-dimensional phenomenon we chose two-step clustering as a method for identifying the drinking patterns. We used Pearson Chi-square to test for differences between the cluster groups with respect to problematic alcohol consumption. Results: Three clusters of drinking patterns in 1995 and 2000 respectively were defined. In 1995 the clusters were characterised as moderate drinking, partying and solitary drinking and drinking effects. In 2000 the three cluster groups were moderate drinking, social effects-drinking and individual effects and solitary drinking. Association with alcohol consumption showed significant differences: in 1995 the cluster party and solitary drinking was related to alcohol use disorders, binge drinking and high alcohol consumption, in 2000 the two clusters including drinking effects showed associations with all consumption variables.
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| 4. |
- Björkelund, Cecilia, 1948, et al.
(author)
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Secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors with a 36-year perspective: observations from 38- and 50-year-olds in the Population Study of women in Gothenburg
- 2008
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7724 .- 0281-3432. ; 26:3, s. 140-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. cecilia.bjorkelund@allmed.gu.se OBJECTIVES: To study secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors in four different cohorts of women examined in 1968-1969, 1980-1981, 1992-1993 and 2004-2005. DESIGN: Comparison of four representative cohorts of 38- and 50-year-old women over a period of 36 years. SETTING: Gothenburg, Sweden with approximately 450,000 inhabitants. SUBJECTS: Four representative samples of 38- and 50-year-old women were invited to free health examinations (participation rate 59-90%, n =1901). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), leisure time exercise, use of antihypertensive medication, smoking, levels of haemoglobin, b-glucose, s-cholesterol, s-triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in mean BMI from 1968-1969 versus 2004-2005. Mean leisure time exercise was significantly higher in later born cohorts; in 1968, around 15% were physically active compared with 40% in 2004. SBP and DBP, mean s-cholesterol and s-triglyceride levels were significantly lower in both 38- and 50-year-old cohorts in 2004-2005 versus 1968-1969. HDL-cholesterol (not measured until 1992-1993), showed a significantly higher mean level in 2004-2005. Reduction of risk factors was apparent in women with a high as well as low level of physical activity. Smoking declined most in women with high levels of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Several cardiovascular risk factors related to lifestyle have improved in middle-aged women from the 1960s until today. Most of the positive trends are observed in women with both low and high physical activity.
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| 5. |
- Grimby, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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Walking habits in elderly widows.
- 2008
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In: The American journal of hospice & palliative care. - : SAGE Publications. - 1049-9091 .- 1938-2715. ; 25:2, s. 81-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Walking habits were studied in 3 groups of elderly widows. The average walking time per week was calculated from interviews or questionnaires. There was in a small studied group a tendency for walking time to be lower at 3 and 12 months after loss than at 4 or 5 years. An increased odds ratio was demonstrated in larger groups of widows for walking less than 120 minutes per week in those who "did not feel healthy," or who had "musculoskeletal health problems," or "cardiovascular health problems." Widows from a population-based study also showed increased odds ratio for not walking as long with "lack of friends" and "not being active in associations." This was not found in married women from the population study. Our results indicate that newly bereaved women may reduce their physical activity, and that the change in exercise habits may be associated with reduced perception of being healthy and a decreased social network.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hange, Dominique, 1963, et al.
(author)
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Perceived nervousness and moodiness associated with increased CVD but not cancer morbidity in pre- and postmenopausal women. Observations from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2009
-
In: International Journal of General Medicine. - 1178-7074. ; 2, s. 39-45
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract: A 32-year prospective observational study was initiated in 1968, including 1462 women aged 60, 54, 50, 46, and 38, representative of the female population in these age groups. Measures included self-reported nervous symptoms and moodiness at baseline, menopausal status, risk factors as smoking, s-cholesterol, s-triglycerides, body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, and socioeconomic status (SES). The prevalence of nervousness and moodiness was investigated as well as if these reported symptoms could predict mortality and morbidity within 32 years in pre-and postmenopausal women. Women who reported at least two of the symptoms suffered from an increased risk of 32-year mortality, independent of all background variables described above (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.28, confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.58). Women with only one of the nervous symptoms already had an increased risk of suffering from cardiovascular disease (CVD) also after multivariable adjustment (HR = 1.29, CI 1.09–1.52) a risk that also remained significant when analyzing CVD risk in the group of premenopausal women (HR = 1.28, CI 1.02–1.62). There was no significantly increased risk among pre-or postmenopausal women with perceived nervousness/moodiness of developing cancer during the 32-year follow-up. There seems to be an association between nervousness/moodiness and premature mortality and morbidity in CVD, especially when present already in the premenopausal state in women.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hange, Dominique, 1963, et al.
(author)
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The natural history of psychosomatic symptoms and their association with psychological symptoms: observations from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg.
- 2007
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In: The European journal of general practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1381-4788 .- 1751-1402. ; 13:2, s. 60-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of subjective unspecified psychological symptoms (UPS) in a cohort of middle-aged women and the development of psychosomatic symptoms over 24 years. METHODS: In 1968-1969, 1462 randomly selected women, aged 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60, were recruited. A 24-year follow-up was performed in 1992-1993 (n=836). The same structured interview concerning psychological and psychosomatic symptoms was used on both occasions. RESULTS: The prevalence of UPS was 28% in 1968-1969 and 20% in 1992-1993. Women with UPS in 1968-1969 were significantly more likely to have asthma/obstructive symptoms (34% vs 26%), headache (38% vs 22%) and abdominal symptoms (40% vs 21%), but not hypertension/high blood pressure (28% vs 28%), than women who did not report UPS. In 1992-1993, women with UPS in 1968-1969 were significantly still more likely to have asthmatic (25% vs 18%) and abdominal symptoms (44% vs 33%). Sixty-one per cent of women with UPS in 1968-1969 did not report such symptoms in 1992-1993, compared to 86% of women without UPS in 1968-1969 (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Women reporting UPS seemed to have a higher frequency of simultaneous psychosomatic symptoms than women not reporting UPS. However, having UPS was apparently unassociated with the development of psychosomatic symptoms over time. Psychosomatic symptoms in women seem to be self-limiting and decrease with time.
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| 10. |
- Lindqvist, Peter, 1945, et al.
(author)
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Concurrent and separate effects of body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio on 24-year mortality in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg: evidence of age-dependency
- 2006
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In: European Journal of Epidemiology. ; 21, s. 789-794
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, P.O. Box 454, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden. peter.lindqvist@allmed.gu.se Obesity is generally assumed to be an important risk factor for death and morbidity. However, the association between excess body weight and all-cause mortality among younger and older women and the impact of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) concurrently is not fully understood. In 1968-1969 we initiated a prospective study comprising a population sample of 1,462 women from Gothenburg, Sweden. During a 24 year period, until 1992-1993, 265 women had died. A multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Regression model was used to estimate the relative risk of death in relation to BMI and WHR, with age and other covariates of age-specific interest as smoking, physical activity at work and leisure time and serum triglyceride concentration, at start of the study. BMI and WHR were analyzed as independent variables. Younger women (38 and 46 years at baseline) presented a statistically significant non-linear (U-shaped) relation between BMI and mortality. Among older women (50, 54 and 60 years at baseline), a significant negative linear relationship with decreasing mortality in relation to increasing BMI values was seen. For all women a higher WHR was related to an increased risk of death. The lowest risk of death among younger women corresponded to a low WHR and a BMI within the middle range. For older women the highest survival was observed for those with lowest WHR and highest BMI. Thus, in older women a high BMI seems not to be an increased risk as long as adiposity is not centrally located. PMID: 17111249 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Schmidt, Susanne, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Low bone mineral density in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based study from Western Sweden.
- 2009
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In: Inflammatory bowel diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1536-4844 .- 1078-0998. ; 15:12, s. 1844-1850
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND:: Low bone mineral density (BMD) has been recognized as a potential problem in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to investigate BMD in Swedish children and adolescents with IBD and to evaluate possible factors affecting BMD. METHODS:: To evaluate BMD, all patients (n = 144) underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the whole body and the spine. BMD values were expressed as Z-scores using normative pediatric data from Lunar (GE Medical Systems). RESULTS:: In this population-based study, the lowest BMD values were found in the lumbar spine. The entire IBD group showed significantly lower BMD Z-scores of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) in comparison to healthy references (-0.8 standard deviation [SD], range -5.9 to 3.7 SD, P < 0.001). Decreased BMD with a Z-score < -1 SD occurred in 46.7% of the individuals with Crohn's disease (CD) and in 47.0% of those with ulcerative colitis (UC). Low BMD with a Z-score
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| 13. |
- Trollfors, Birger, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis antibodies in 10-year-old children before and after a booster dose of three toxoids: implications for the timing of a booster dose.
- 2006
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In: European journal of pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-6199 .- 1432-1076. ; 165:1, s. 14-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In an open study, 502 10-year-old children, who had received primary vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus in infancy and had varying histories of pertussis disease and vaccination, were vaccinated with diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (DT) alone or with the addition of 20 microg or 40 microg of pertussis toxoid. Diphtheria toxin neutralising antibodies, pertussis toxin IgG and tetanus toxoid IgG antibodies were measured before and 1 month after the booster. All toxoids were highly immunogenic. In pertussis toxoid recipients, median levels of pertussis toxin IgG increased to 16.5 U/ml (DTaP20) and to 36 U/ml (DTaP40) in children with non-detectable (<1 U/ml) antibodies before vaccination and to >400 U/ml in children (both DTaP20 and DTaP40) with detectable antibodies before vaccination. A total of 60 children (12%) with non-detectable (<0.01 IU/ml) diphtheria antibodies and 36 children (7%) with non-detectable (<0.01 IU/ml) tetanus antibodies before the booster had lower median antibody concentrations post-vaccination than children with detectable antibodies before the booster (diphtheria: 5.12 vs. 20.48 IU/ml; tetanus: 4.0 vs. 10.0 IU/ml). There were no differences in diphtheria and tetanus antibodies after vaccination between children who did and did not receive pertussis toxoid. CONCLUSION: 10-year-old children with non-detectable diphtheria and tetanus antibodies before the booster had lower post-vaccination antibodies than those with detectable antibodies before the booster indicating a poor immunological memory. Addition of pertussis toxoid to diphtheria-tetanus vaccine did not affect the antibody responses to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids when the three toxoids were combined as a booster. Even though immunity to diphtheria and tetanus was only estimated by surrogate markers (serum antitoxin antibodies) the results indicate that a lower age for the booster dose of diphtheria-tetanus vaccine or diphtheria-tetanus acellular pertussis vaccine should be considered.
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| 14. |
- Trollfors, Birger, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Reduced immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids when combined with pertussis toxoid.
- 2005
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In: The Pediatric infectious disease journal. - 0891-3668. ; 24:1, s. 85-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of pertussis toxoid on the immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DT) was studied during a double blind efficacy trial of an acellular pertussis vaccine. Infants received DT with or without pertussis toxoid at 3, 5 and 12 months of age. Geometric mean concentrations were higher in the DT than in the DT-pertussis toxoid group 1 month (diphtheria toxoid 4.76 versus 3.58 IU/mL, P = 0.009; tetanus toxoid 4.42 versus 2.66 IU/mL, P < 0.0001) and 2 years after the third injection (diphtheria toxoid 0.15 versus 0.10 IU/mL, P < 0.0001; tetanus toxoid 0.38 versus 0.18 IU/mL, P < 0.0001). Pertussis toxoid causes a small but significant reduction of the immunogenicity of diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Österberg, Tor, et al.
(author)
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Number of teeth – a predictor of mortality in 70-year-old subjects
- 2008
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In: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 36:3, s. 258-268
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate if number of teeth at age 70 is an independent predictor of mortality. Methods: Within the gerontological population studies in Göteborg, Sweden, four birth cohorts born in 1901/02, 1906/07, 1911/12 and 1922 were examined cross-sectionally at 70 years of age. The total number of participants in the odontological cohorts was 1803. Mortality data were collected from the national Swedish health registers. Cox regression models were used to measure the association between mortality and number of teeth with adjustment for covariates like health factors, socio-economic and lifestyle factors. Results: The prevalence of edentulism showed a marked change from 51 % in the first cohort to 16 % in the last cohort. The 7-year mortality rate was 14 % in women and 28 % in men, and highest in edentulous men in the last two cohorts (42 % and 47 %, respectively). The 7-year mortality including all four cohorts showed a hazard ratio of 0.96 (95 % CI = 0.94-0.98; P < 0.001) for number of teeth with adjustment for cohort. The corresponding 18-year mortality including the three first cohorts showed a hazard ratio of 0.98 for women and 0.97 for men. Number of teeth was an independent statistically significant predictor of 7-year mortality in both genders and of 18-year mortality in men. Conclusions: The result showed that each remaining tooth at age 70 decreased the 7-year mortality risk by 4 %. The difference between edentulous subjects and dentate subjects with ≥ 20 teeth regarding 7-year mortality was significantly higher in the last compared to the first cohort. The number of teeth was a significant predictor of mortality independent of health factors, socio-economic status and life style.
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| 17. |
- Österberg, Tor, et al.
(author)
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Number of teeth – a predictor of mortality in the elderly? A population study in three Nordic localities.
- 2007
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In: Acta Odontol Scand. ; 65:6, s. 335-340
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective. Associations between number of teeth and mortality have been found in some studies but the results have not been conclusive. The aim of this study was to determine if dental status at age 75 was an independent predictor of survival in three Nordic populations. Materials and methods. The baseline study was conducted as part of a comparative Nordic investigation of systematic samples of independently living 75-year old men and women born in 1914-16 (n = 1004) living in three Nordic localities: Glostrup, Denmark, Jyväskylä, Finland and Göteborg, Sweden. The study, performed in 1989-91, included a home interview, a health questionnaire, and laboratory examination. For the present study, mortality data of all participants up to age 82 have been collected from official registers in 1999. Results. Lower mortality during 7 years was associated with higher number of remaining teeth at age 75. In Jyväskylä and Göteborg but not in Glostrup, the association between number of teeth and mortality was statistically significant. For all three samples pooled and adjusted for sex and location, this association was significant (odds ratio 1.19; P < 0.001). Conclusions. The number of teeth was a significant predictor of 7-year mortality in 75-year old women independent of a number of factors related to life style, disease and reduced functional capacity.
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| 18. |
- Österberg, Tor, et al.
(author)
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Secular trends of dental status in five 70-year-old cohorts between 1971 and 2001.
- 2006
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In: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 34:6, s. 446-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study, which are part of the gerontological and geriatric population studies in Göteborg, Sweden (H70), were to describe cohort differences and trends in dental status and utilization of dental care in 70-year-olds. The study is based on five cohorts examined in 1971/72, 1976/77, 1981/82, 1992/93 and 2000/01 (called cohort I, II, III, V and VI, respectively). The total number of participants was 2290 and varied between 386 and 583 in the different cohorts. The proportion of dentate 70-year-olds changed gradually from 49% in the first to 93% in the last cohort. The mean number of teeth in the dentate 70-year-olds was 14 in cohort I and 21 in cohort VI. The proportion of subjects with 20 or more teeth changed from 13% in cohort I, to 20% in cohort III, and to 65% in cohort VI. In cohort I, 76% of the 70-year-olds had some kind of removable denture; 37% in cohort III, but only 17% in cohort VI. About 20% of all 70-year-olds in cohort I reported regular yearly visits to a dentist. The corresponding figures in cohort III and cohort VI were 50% and 80%, respectively. Even though positive cohort trends were observed in all studied subgroups, factors such as low education, smoking, being un-married, having high waist circumference and being physically inactive were negatively associated with dental status at the end of the study period as well as at the beginning.
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| 19. |
- Östlund, Anette, 1966, et al.
(author)
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A cross-sectional study of personality traits in women previously treated or untreated for alcohol use disorders.
- 2007
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In: Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy.. ; Aug 06:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background A better understanding of the relationship between treatment-seeking for alcohol problems and personality traits could give useful insight in factors promoting or hindering treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUD). The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between treatment-seeking for AUD, personality traits, and psychiatric co-morbidity in women. The study was based on pooled cross-sectional data from three population based samples and one clinical sample (n = 1,339). Comparisons were made between treated and untreated women with AUD, and between those with resolved and unresolved AUD. Results A stepwise logistic regression model showed that treatment-seeking for AUD was not associated with personality traits. Among women with lifetime AUD (n = 217), those who had been treated (n = 42) had significantly higher scores than untreated women (n = 175) on three personality traits of the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP); somatic anxiety, muscular tension, and guilt. Women with resolved AUD, who had received treatment (n = 23) had significantly higher scores on scales measuring somatic anxiety, psychic anxiety, muscular tension, irritability, and guilt than untreated women with resolved AUD. The latter group resembled women without AUD on most personality traits. There were no differences in occurrence of lifetime psychiatric disorders between the treated and the untreated women, whereas treated women with current AUD had increased risk of lifetime anxiety (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1–8.7). Conclusion Treatment-seeking was not associated with personality traits in this study. Still, it can be concluded that women with resolved AUD who had received treatment had high scores on the KSP-scales measuring psychic and somatic anxiety, tension, irritability, and feelings of guilt. This suggests that personality assessment might be a useful tool in tailoring individual treatment programs for women with AUD. Future studies need to explore if women who do not seek treatment have special needs which are not met in usual treatment settings.
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| 20. |
- Östlund, Anette, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Changes in some personality traits after recovery from alcohol dependence/abuse, anxiety and depression--results of a 5-year follow-up in a general population sample of women.
- 2007
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In: Nordic journal of psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 61:4, s. 279-87
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyse stability of and change in personality traits in a general population sample of women over 5 years. Specific questions were how personality traits changed after a first episode of alcohol dependence/abuse (ADA), anxiety or depression disorders and after remission of an episode. The study was based on data from a longitudinal general population-based survey titled, "Women and alcohol in Göteborg (WAG)". A total of 641 women were interviewed in 1990 or 1995 and re-interviewed after 5 years. Personality traits were assessed with the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses given according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd revised edition (DSM-III-R). Mean T-scores (KSP) for the general population sample were stable between initial assessment and follow-up 5 years later. Correlations between assessments were high for most KSP scores, indicating high individual stability. For women with resolved ADA, KSP scores were normalized to five scales at the follow-up assessment: somatic anxiety, muscular tension, monotony avoidance, social desirability and irritability. Women who recovered from anxiety disorders during the follow-up had decreased scores in somatic anxiety and muscular tension and increased scores in verbal aggression. Women who developed ADA during follow-up had increased scores on the scales impulsiveness and verbal aggression. Women who developed depression during follow-up had increased monotony avoidance. Personality traits were generally stable in this adult female population but some personality traits changed in association with changes in psychiatric disorders. This knowledge could be useful in evaluation of treatment needs and treatment outcome.
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