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1.	Hedström, Brita, et al. (author) Visby Innerstad : En användningsplan 1973 Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract Sedan lång tid föreligger i stort sett enighet om att bevara innerstadens bebyggelse och att anpassa eventuella nytillskott till det redan bestående. Med den inställningen har förändringsprocessen både dämpats och mildrats men ändå inte bragts att avstanna. Förändringar sker ständigt om det också huvudsakligen i smått: de många synbart så anspråkslösa byggnadsåtgärderna adderar efterhand ihop sig till något större och mer genomgripande. Långsamt, nästan omärkligt, ändrar innerstaden sitt ansikte.Ändå är det inte själva husen som förändrats mest utan användningen av dem. Ur funktionell synpunkt har 1950 - och 60-talen har varit något av en omstörtning i innerstadens historia: den har förlorat nästan hälften av de boende, en stor del av detaljhandeln och praktiskt taget helt sin gamla roll som skolcentrum. I gengäld har ytterstaden vuxit ut till ett sammanhängande kilometerbrett bälte. Till stor del av denna funktionella förändring en följd av beslutet att bevara innerstadens bebyggelse. Vad som inte fått plats inom den gamla ramen har etablerats utandör den.Föreliggande arbete vill ge en översiktlig bild av förändringsförloppen, sedda i ett långt tidsperspektiv men med tonvikt på dagsläget. Bebyggelsen tas upp till utförlig granskning men också användningen av den. Det är just samspelet mellan husen och de funtkioner, de fyller, som kan sägas utgöra bokens huvudtema. I de flesta fall är detta sammanhang hus-användning alldeles konfliktfritt och föranleder därför inte heller någon diskussion. Vad som behandlas är de relativt få problematiska fallen, hus som borde rustas upp för att fylla sin uppgift, hus som är olämpligt nyttjade eller inte använda alls. En serie sådana fall tas upp till systematisk genomgång; samtidigt berörs också de trafik - och miljömässiga konsekvenserna. Bokens syfte är alltså klart: den ger ett underlag av fakta för arbetet med att jämka samman byggnader och användningsformer. I den meningen kan skriften kallas en anvädningsplan för Visby innanför murarna.Arkitekturskolanas arbete har bedrivitis parallellt med den kommunala Innerstadskommitténs verksamhet. Något organiserat samarbete har inte förekommit med de informella kontakterna har varit både täta och goda. Att likheterna mellan Innerstadskommittén och Arkitekturskolans slutsatser blivit så pass stora, kan tillskrivas en gemensam helhetssyn.En av Arkitekturskolans elever, arkitekt Lars-Ingvar Larsson, har tidigare självständigt genomfört en undersökning av förändringar i innerstaden 1945-70- Denna studie publicerats separat och bör uppfattas som ett komplement till den hör föreliggande.Förutom de i innehållsförteckningen nämnda har ytterligare några aktivt medverkat i arbetet. Studiet av trafikfrågorna i innerstaden, i hamnen och öster om ringmuren leddes av Åke Claesson, I fältstudier och diskussioner medverkande Göran Månsson.Arkitekturskolan har fått god hjälp av ett antal initierade personer i Visby. Särskild tacksamhet är vi skyldiga byggnadsnämnden ordförande Henning Jacobson, kommunalrådet C B Stenström, stadsarkitekten Måns Hagbergm f. länsbostadsdorektören Åke Malmberg och landsantikvarien Gunnar Svahnström. I boken publiceringskostnaderna har ekonomiskt bidrag lämnats av Gotlands kommun och Riksantikvarieämbetet.Boken har redigerats av Sture Balgård och Ann Mari Westerlind med hjälp av Henrik O Andersson, Bo Ek, Göran Lindahl, Fredrik von Platen, John Sjöström Gunnar Westerlind och Hans Wetterfors.Skeppsholmen, Stockholm, sommaren 1973.Arkitekturskolans lärare och elever.
2.	Forsberg, Anna, et al. (author) Once-only colonoscopy or two rounds of faecal immunochemical testing 2 years apart for colorectal cancer screening (SCREESCO): preliminary report of a randomised controlled trial 2022 In: The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : ELSEVIER INC. - 2468-1253. ; 7:6, s. 513-521 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background Screening for colorectal cancer is done with lower gastrointestinal endoscopy or stool-based tests. There is little evidence from randomised trials to show primary colonoscopy reduces mortality in colorectal cancer We aimed to investigate the effect of screening with once-only colonoscopy or two rounds of faecal immunochemical test screening on colorectal cancer mortality and incidence. Methods We did a randomised controlled trial in Sweden (SCREESCO). Residents in 18 of 21 regions who were age 60 years in the year of randomisation were identified from a population register maintained by the Swedish Tax Agency. A statistician with no further involvement in the trial used a randomised block method to assign individuals to once-only colonoscopy, two rounds of faecal immunochemical testing (OC-Sensor; 2 years apart), or a control group (no intervention; standard diagnostic pathways), in a ratio of 1:6 for colonoscopy versus control and 1:2 for faecal immunochemical testing versus control. Masking was not possible due to the nature of the trial. The primary endpoints of the trial are colorectal cancer mortality and colorectal cancer incidence. Here, we report preliminary participation rates, baseline findings, and adverse events from March, 2014, to December, 2020, in the two intervention groups after completion of recruitment and screening, up to the completion of the second faecal immunochemical testing round. Analyses were done in the intention-to-screen population, defined as all individuals who were randomly assigned to the respective study group. This study is registered with Clinical Trials.gov, NCT02078804. Findings Between March 1, 2014, and Dec 31, 2020, 278 280 people were induded in the study; 31 140 were assigned to the colonoscopy group, 60 300 to the faecal immunochemical test group, and 186 840 to the control group. 10 679 (35.1%) of 30 400 people who received an invitation for colonoscopy participated. 33 383 (55.5%) of 60 137 people who received a postal faecal immunochemical test participated. In the intention-to-screen analysis, colorectal cancer was detected in 49 (0.16%) of 31140 people in the colonoscopy group versus 121 (0. 20%) of 60 300 in the faecal immunochemical test group (relative risk [RR] 0.78, 95% CI 0.56-1.09). Advanced adenomas were detected in 637 (2.05%) people in the colonoscopy group and 968 (1.61%) in the faecal immunochemical test group (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.15-1.41). Colonoscopy detected more right-sided advanced adenomas than faecal immunochemical testing. There were two perforations and 15 major bleeds in 16 555 colonoscopies. No intervention-related deaths occurred. Interpretation The diagnostic yield and the low number of adverse events indicate that the design from this trial, both for once-only colonoscopy and faecal immunochemical test screening, could be transferred to a population-based screening service if a benefit in disease-specific mortality is subsequently shown. Copyright (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
3.	Carlén, Lars, et al. (author) CHICSi – a Compact Ultra-High Vacuum Compatible Detector System for Nuclear Reaction Experiments at Storage Rings. III. Readout System 2004 In: Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res.. ; A516, s. 327- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
4.	Golubev, Pavel, et al. (author) CHICSi – a Compact Ultra-High Vacuum Compatible Detector System for Nuclear Reaction Experiments at Storage Rings. II. Detectors 2003 In: Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res.. ; A500:96 - Journal article (peer-reviewed)
5.	Jakobsson, Bo, et al. (author) Probing the liquid–gas coexistence in p+Xe reactions from 200 to 1400 MeV 2007 In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 644:4, s. 228-231 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is probed from statistical parameters, determined in an excitation function experiment on p + Xe-nat reactions at 200-1400 MeV. Total charge (Z) distributions follow a cascade-[multi]fragmentation-evaporation (CFEM) model well. The caloric curve in regions supposedly dominated by fast processes is compatible with a pure statistical multifragmentation (SMM) process, where the temperature (T)-excitation energy (epsilon) relation starts in the Fermi liquid phase and progresses into a liquid/gas coexistence region, where it remains up to 1400 MeV. A local peak in T at epsilon = 2.1 MeV agrees with the idea of sudden fragmentation.
6.	Milberg, Per, et al. (author) A burning desire for smoke? Sampling insects favoured by forestfire in the absence of fire 2015 In: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 19:1, s. 55-65 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Fire-favoured insects are difficult to sampleexcept opportunistically after forest fires. Here, we tested ifsmoke from a small fire could be an efficient way to samplesuch insects. Insects were sampled over ca. 10 h hours, byhand-picking and netting on screens put up around the fire.Two specimens of the rare and redlisted Hormopeza spp.(Diptera, Empididae) were caught. Large numbers([20,000) of Microsania spp. (Diptera, Platypezidae) werecaught, but none in the absence of smoke. The numbers ofMicrosania spp. clearly peaked in late afternoon, and ashort sampling period would be sufficient if targeting onlythis taxon. Of the almost 200 species of Coleoptera, 17 %were considered as fire-favoured, contributing 9 % of thespecimens, suggesting low efficiency of the method for thisgroup. Using 23 sites differing in fire history, catches ofMicrosania spp. were unaffected by numbers and area offorest fire (preceding 5 years and within 10 km radius overthe sampling sites). In contrast, there was a weak trend forthe proportion of fire-favoured Coleoptera to increase withincreasing number of fires. To conclude, smoke as producedin our study can clearly attract fire-favoured Diptera,but smoke had only a weak effect on fire-favoured Coleopterain the study area. It is still likely that selectivelypicking specimens of species attracted to smoke is a morecost-efficient method than using, e.g., Malaise traps thatcatch indiscriminately.
7.	Spohr, Reimar (author) Ion Tracks for Micro- and Nanofabrication : From Single Channels to Superhydrophobic Surfaces 2010 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract A method is described for preset-count irradiations between 1 and 100 ions singling-out individual ions from an ion beam with more than a billion ions arriving per second. The ion tracks are etched in a conductometric system with real-time evaluation of the acquired data. The etch process can be interrupted when reaching a preset channel diameter. Cylindrical channels are obtained by adding surfactants to the etch solution forming a self-assembled barrier between etching medium and polymer. Asymmetric etching of single ion tracks leads to pH sensitive conical pores with diode-like properties. Using etched channels as template, homogeneous and multilayer magnetic single-wires are electrodeposited. The magnetoresistivity of the wires is studied. Single-track applications comprise critical apertures (cylindric, conic, necked), asymmetric pores (pH sensitive, biospecific), Giant Magneto Resistance sensors, and spintronic devices. On the basis of studies with individual ion tracks we tackled tilted multiporous systems such as ion beam lithography with a masked ion beam leading to micro-structures with inclined walls and anisotropic superhydrophobic ion track textures, analogous to biological shingle structures on butterfly wings. We demonstrated qualitatively, that the asymmetry of the texture translates into motion under ultrasonic agitation. This could lead to the development of rotary drives.
8.	Strömberg, Ulf, 1964, et al. (author) Colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical testing or primary colonoscopy: An analysis of health equity based on a randomised trial 2022 In: eClinicalMedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-5370. ; 47 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: We have addressed health equity attained by fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and primary colonoscopy (PCOL), respectively, in the randomised controlled screening trial SCREESCO conducted in Sweden. Methods: We analysed data on the individuals recruited between March 2014, and March 2020, within the study registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02078804. Swedish population registry data on educational level, household income, country of birth, and marital status were linked to each 60-year-old man and woman who had been randomised to two rounds of FIT 2 years apart (n = 60,123) or once-only PCOL (n = 30,390). Furthermore, we geo-coded each study individual to his/her residential area and assessed neighbourhood-level data on deprivation, proportion of non-Western immigrants, population density, and average distance to healthcare center for colonoscopy. We estimated adjusted associations of each covariate with the colonoscopy attendance proportion out of all invited to respective arms; ie, the preferred outcome for addressing health equity. In the FIT arm, the test uptake and the colonoscopy uptake among the test positives were considered as the secondary outcomes. Findings: We found a marked socioeconomic gradient in the colonoscopy attendance proportion in the PCOL arm (adjusted odds ratio [95% credibility interval] between the groups categorised in the highest vs. lowest national quartile for household income: 2·20 [2·01–2·42]) in parallel with the gradient in the test uptake of the FIT × 2 screening (2·08 [1·96–2·20]). The corresponding gradient in the colonoscopy attendance proportion out of all invited to FIT was less pronounced (1·29 [1·16–1·42]), due to higher proportions of FIT positives in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Interpretation: The unintended risk of exacerbating inequalities in health by organised colorectal cancer screening may be higher with a PCOL strategy than a FIT strategy, despite parallel socioeconomic gradients in uptake. Funding: This work was supported by the Swedish Cancer Society under Grant 20 0719. CB and US provided economic support from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working life, and Welfare under Grant 2020–00962.
9.	Thungström, Göran, et al. (author) Fabrication of an integrated Delta E-E-silicon detector by wafer bonding using cobalt disilicide 1997 In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A. Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. ; 391:2, s. 315-328 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
10.	Westerberg, J, et al. (author) Ten-year myringoplasty series: does the cause of perforation affect the success rate? 2011 In: JOURNAL OF LARYNGOLOGY AND OTOLOGY. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0022-2151 .- 1748-5460. ; 125:2, s. 126-132 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: To present the results of primary myringoplasty procedures together with the perforation cause, perforation size and site, surgeons experience, and surgical method, and to investigate how these factors relate to graft take rates. Study design: Retrospective chart review of 243 consecutive patients undergoing primary myringoplasty with temporalis fascia underlay over a 10-year period from 1994 to 2004. Results: The overall graft take rate was 95 per cent. The retroauricular approach resulted in a 97 per cent graft take rate, whereas a significantly lower rate (77 per cent) was seen for surgery conducted via the endaural approach, or via an ear speculum. There was no relationship between other factors and tympanic membrane healing. Conclusion: No association was found between perforation cause and graft take rate. The underlay technique is safe and reliable, and the retroauricular approach is preferable as it enables good surgical access and has better results.
11.	Westerberg, Lars, et al. (author) CHICSi – a Compact Ultra-High Vacuum Compatible Detector System for Nuclear Reaction Experiments at Storage Rings. I. General Structure, Mechanics and UHV Compatibility 2003 In: Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res.. ; A500, s. 84- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
12.	Acke, Filip, 1968, et al. (author) Influence of the platinum-support interaction on the direct reduction of NOx under lean conditions 1998 In: Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis. - 0167-2991. ; 116, s. 285-294 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Catalysts containing Pt supported on SiC, Al2O3 and ZSM-5 were prepared and studied for NOx reduction by C3H6 in Oz excess under transient (temperature ramps) and steady-state conditions. The maximum NOx reduction activity in the heating ramp experiments was similar for Pt/SiC and Pt/ZSM-5, while Pt/Al2O3 showed higher maximum activity. Both N-2 and N2O formation was observed for all catalysts, although the respective amounts varied with the investigated system. Highest Nz selectivity was observed for Pt/Al2O3. When the NOx reduction activity was studied under steady-state conditions the activity of Pt/Al2O3 decreased substantially (mainly due to a loss in N-2 production). Pt/ZSM-5 became somewhat more selective towards Na production whereas the activity and selectivity of Pt/SiC remained at about the same values as far the heating ramp experiments. Adsorbed species on the surface of the different catalysts were investigated using in-situ FTIR in order to obtain information about the reaction mechanisms. The adsorption of species on Pt/SiC was negligible, while a number of absorption bands were observed for Pt/Al2O3 (N and C containing species, and -NCO) and Pt/ZSM-5 (HC).
13.	Acke, Filip, 1968, et al. (author) Influence of the platinum-support interaction on the direct reduction of NOx under lean conditions 1997 In: 4th International Congress on Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control (CAPoC4) in Brussels, Belgium, April 9-11, 1997. Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
14.	Andersson, Anders G., et al. (author) Flow through a two-scale porosity material 2009 In: Research Letters in Materials Science. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-6822 .- 1687-6830. Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract Flow through a two-scale porous medium is here investigated by a unique comparison between simulations performed with computational fluid dynamics and the boundary element method with microparticle image velocimetry in model geometries.
15.	Andersson, Anders G., et al. (author) Fluid flow through porous media with dual scale porosity 2008 In: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena (ISTP-19). - : University of Iceland, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science. Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Flow in two scale porous media takes place in applications such as advanced composites manufacturing. Knowledge of this flow is of general importance and is crucial for filtration mechanisms when functional filler-particles are added to the liquid resin impregnating the fibrous preform. Means to model and experimentally visualise this flow is here investigated. In particular simulations performed with computational fluid dynamics and the boundary element method are compared to micro particle image velocimetry in a model geometry.
16.	Avdeichikov, V, et al. (author) CHICSi - a 3 pi multi-detector system for studying heavy ion interactions inside a storage ring 1997 In: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. ; 626:1-2, s. 439C-446C Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract CHICSi - a 3 pi multi-detector system is presented. The setup consists of 576 ultra high vacuum compatible telescopes to study intermediate energy heavy ion as well as proton induced collisions at storage rings operating in slow ramping mode. Primary it w
17.	AVDEICHIKOV, V, et al. (author) EXPERIMENTAL ISOTOPIC EFFECTS IN COMPARISON TO STATISTICAL PRESCRIPTIONS FOR FRAGMENT PRODUCTION IN 32A MEV AND 14A MEV N-14 PLUS SN-112,SN-124 REACTIONS 1994 In: PHYSICA SCRIPTA. - : ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES. ; 50:6, s. 624-627 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Results on isotopic effects in the production of light fragments in reactions of 14A and 32A MeV N-14 ions with Sn-112 and Sn-124 are presented The data are discussed in the frameworks of classical Weisskopf evaporation and an alternative Fermi gas prescr
18.	Baart, Pieter, et al. (author) Contaminant particle migration in a double restriction seal 2013 In: Proceedings of the STLE Annual Meeting and Exhibition 2013, Detroit MI, USA.. - : STLE. ; , s. 125- Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV) is used to measure the grease velocity profile in small seal-like geometries and the radial migration of contaminant particles is predicted. In the first part, the influence of shaft speed, grease type, and temperatures on the flow of lubricating greases in a narrow double restriction sealing pocket is evaluated. Such geometries can be found in, for example, labyrinth-type seals. In a wide pocket the velocity profile is one-dimensional and the Herschel-Bulkley model is used. In a narrow pocket, it is shown by the experimental results that the side walls have a significant influence on the grease flow, implying that the grease velocity profile is two-dimensional. In this area, a single empirical grease parameter for the rheology is sufficient to describe the velocity profile.In the second part, the radial migration of contaminant particles through the grease is evaluated. Centrifugal forces acting on a solid spherical particle are calculated from the grease velocity profile. Consequently, particles migrate to a larger radius and finally settle when the grease viscosity becomes large due to the low shear rate. This behavior is important for the sealing function of the grease in the pocket and relubrication
19.	Baart, Pieter, et al. (author) Sealing improvements by grease selection in double lip seals and labyrinth seals 2012 In: 17th ISC. - Frankfurt am Main : Fachverband Fluidtechnik im VDMA e.V. - 9783000391989 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
20.	Baart, Pieter, et al. (author) The influence of speed, grease type, and temperature on radial contaminant particle migration in a double restriction seal 2011 In: Tribology Transactions. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1040-2004 .- 1547-397X. ; 54:6, s. 867-877 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV) is used to measure the grease velocity profile in small seal-like geometries and the radial migration of contaminant particles is predicted. In the first part, the influence of shaft speed, grease type, and temperatures on the flow of lubricating greases in a narrow double restriction sealing pocket is evaluated. Such geometries can be found in, for example, labyrinth-type seals. In a wide pocket the velocity profile is one-dimensional and the Herschel-Bulkley model is used. In a narrow pocket, it is shown by the experimental results that the side walls have a significant influence on the grease flow, implying that the grease velocity profile is two-dimensional. In this area, a single empirical grease parameter for the rheology is sufficient to describe the velocity profile. In the second part, the radial migration of contaminant particles through the grease is evaluated. Centrifugal forces acting on a solid spherical particle are calculated from the grease velocity profile. Consequently, particles migrate to a larger radius and finally settle when the grease viscosity becomes large due to the low shear rate. This behavior is important for the sealing function of the grease in the pocket and relubrication.
21.	Badala, A, et al. (author) Subthreshold production of low momentum K+ in p+C at 1.2 GeV 1998 In: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS. - : AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007. ; 80:22, s. 4863-4866 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The double differential cross section of low momentum kaons (less than or equal to 0.3 GeV/c) from p + C collisions at subthreshold bombarding energies has been for the first time measured by the use of the CLAMSUD magnetic spectrometer installed at the C
22.	Barabash, Victoria, et al. (author) Masters Programs in Space Science and Engineering in Northern Sweden 2017 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
23.	Bellander, M, et al. (author) Preliminary evidence that allelic variation in the LMX1A gene influences training-related working memory improvement 2011 In: NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3932 .- 1873-3514. ; 49:7, s. 1938-1942 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract LMX1A is a transcription factor involved in the development of dopamine (DA)-producing neurons in midbrain. Previous research has shown that allelic variations in three LMX1A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were related to risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that these SNPs may influence the number of mesencephalic DA neurons. Prompted by the established link between striatal DA functions and working memory (WM) performance, we examined two of these SNPs in relation to the ability to benefit from 4 weeks of WM training. One SNP (rs4657412) was strongly associated with the magnitude of training-related gains in verbal WM. The allele linked to larger gains has previously been suggested to be associated with higher dopaminergic nerve cell density. No differential gains of either SNP were observed for spatial WM, and the genotype groups were also indistinguishable in tests of attention, interference control, episodic memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning for both SNPs. This pattern of data is in agreement with previous findings from our group, suggesting that cognitive effects of DA-related genes may be more easily detected in a training context than for single-assessment performance scores.
24.	Bergengren, Oskar, et al. (author) Variation in Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Rates and Prostate Cancer Treatments and Outcomes in a National 20-Year Cohort 2021 In: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 4:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract IMPORTANCE: The diagnostic activity for prostate cancer has increased during the past decades. However, the benefit and harm of the increased diagnostic activity have not been quantified in detail for a country or a large region.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the association between increases in diagnostic activity driven by prostate-specific antigen testing and incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment, and mortality.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used the Proxy-Based Risk-Stratified Incidence Simulation Model-Prostate Cancer to examine observed data on all Swedish men with prevalent prostate cancer and compare them with a corresponding, hypothetical, simulated scenario with more restrictive diagnostic activity. All men aged 40 to 100 years living in Sweden during the time period 1996 to 2016 with incident and prevalent prostate cancer were included. The second scenario is the corresponding, hypothetical, simulated scenario where diagnostic activity remained constant as of 1996 (the beginning of the prostate-specific antigen testing era) throughout the study period.EXPOSURES: High or low diagnostic activity for prostate cancer.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment (deferred treatment, curative treatment, and hormonal treatment), and prostate cancer mortality.RESULTS: During the study period from 1996 to 2016, 188 884 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer at a median (interquartile range) age of 71 (64-77) years. Compared with the low-diagnostic activity scenario, in the high-diagnostic activity scenario, the number of men diagnosed with prostate cancer was 48% higher (423 vs 286 [95% CI, 271-302] per 100 000 men per year), 148% more men were diagnosed with low- or intermediate-risk cancer (221 vs 89 [95% CI, 73-105] per 100 000 men per year), and 108% more men received curative treatment (152 vs 73 [95% CI: 66-85] per 100 000 men per year). There were up to 15% fewer prostate cancer deaths in the scenario with high-diagnostic activity (incidence rate ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.82-0.88).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This studys results suggest that increased prostate-specific antigen testing and diagnostic activity are associated with a larger number of men being diagnosed with prostate cancer, predominately with low- and intermediate-risk disease. The increased diagnostic activity was associated with a 2-fold increase in curative treatment and a modest decrease in mortality.
25.	Bergman, Karl-Olof, 1965-, et al. (author) Brist- och funktionalitetsanalys -Östergötlands eklandskap 2007 Reports (other academic/artistic)
26.	Bergman, Karl-Olof, et al. (author) Butterflies in Swedish grasslands benefit from forest and respond to landscape composition at different spatial scales 2018 In: Landscape Ecology. - : SPRINGER. - 0921-2973 .- 1572-9761. ; 33:12, s. 2189-2204 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract ContextLoss and fragmentation of semi-natural grasslands has critically affected many butterfly species in Europe. Habitat area and isolation can have strong effects on the local biodiversity but species may also be strongly affected by the surrounding matrix.ObjectivesWe explored how different land cover types in the landscape explained the occurrence of butterfly species in semi-natural grasslands.MethodsUsing data from 476 semi-natural grasslands in Sweden, we analysed the effect of matrix composition on species richness and occurrence. Additionally, we analysed at which spatial scales butterflies responded to matrix types (forests, semi-natural grasslands, arable land and water).ResultsForest cover showed the strongest positive effect on species richness, followed by semi-natural grasslands. Forest also had a positive effect on red-listed species at local scales. Responses to matrix composition were highly species-specific. The majority of the 30most common species showed strong positive responses to the amount of forest cover within 200-500m. There was a smaller group of species showing a positive response to arable land cover within 500-2000m. Thirteen species showed positive responses to the amount of semi-natural grasslands, generally at larger scales (10-30km).ConclusionsOur study showed that surrounding forest is beneficial for many grassland butterfly species and that forests might mitigate the negative effects of habitat loss caused by agricultural intensification. Also, semi-natural grasslands were an important factor for species richness at larger spatial scales, indicating that a landscape consisting mainly of supporting habitats (i.e. forests) are insufficient to sustain a rich butterfly fauna.
27.	Bergman, Karl-Olof, et al. (author) Clear-cuts are temporary habitats, not matrix, for endangered grassland burnet moths (Zygaena spp.) 2020 In: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 24:2, s. 269-277 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Burnet moths (Zygaena spp.) are day-flying Lepidoptera considered indicative of species-rich grasslands. In the present study, our aim was to clarify whether clear-cuts are habitat, supporting habitat or matrix for three species of Zygaena. We did so by sampling these species with sex pheromones on 48 clear-cuts, varying in amount of host and nectar plants, in southern Sweden. To compare the efficiency of such sampling, we also conducted transect walks on these clearcuts. Overall, host-plants on clear-cuts best explained the abundance of Zygaena spp. recorded, better than nectar-plants or connectivity with nearby grasslands. These results indicate that clear-cuts with an abundance of host plants are used as a fully functional habitat, and not a supporting habitat in the sense of only providing nectar. There is no support in these results for considering clear-cuts as an inert matrix. With about half the work-effort, pheromone traps recorded 100 times more Zygaena spp. as transect walks. The poor correspondence between observations during transects walks and pheromone trap catches suggest Zygaena spp. being difficult to monitor by transect walks. In contrast to grasslands, clear-cuts are short-term in nature requiring repeated recolonization, indicating the importance of permanent grasslands. However, clear-cuts are important temporary insect habitats due to their great acreage, and suitable management can increase the time they remain a habitat.
28.	Bergmark, T., et al. (author) Status of the HESR electron cooler design work 2006 In: EPAC´06, Edenburg, Uk, 26-30 June 2006. Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
29.	Bergner, Adam, et al. (author) Influences of forest type and habitat structure on bird assemblagesof oak (Quercus spp.) and pine (Pinus spp.) stands in southwesternTurkey 2015 In: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 336, s. 137-147 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The Mediterranean basin exhibits a multitude of forest habitats affected by former and current exploitation and management. Recent afforestation programs have resulted in an increase in the proportion of coniferous trees, while oak stands, formerly utilized for coppicing and grazing, are abandoned or converted into coniferous plantations. The loss of oak stands might negatively affect birds dependent upon broadleaved forests. Studies confirming or rejecting that statement are scarce, particularly in the eastern part of the region. Using a study area in southwestern Turkey we applied a guild-based approach to investigate how pine and oak stands across a chronosequence differ in their capacity to support forest bird assemblages. Variables describing the vegetation were sampled to characterize the stands and relate bird assemblages to stand structure. Bird abundance and species richness was positively associated with age for both stand types. Richness and diversity was highest in oak stands, while there were no differences in bird abundance between the two forest types. Pine stands supported a different bird species composition compared to oak stands of the same age. Stand age and structure, rather than forest type, held the highest explanatory powers for bird assembly structure. Primary cavity-nesters and ground-nesters were more abundant in oak stands, possibly reflecting differences in stand structure and resource distribution. To support these birds with suitable habitats, oaks stands need conservation. Management practices in pine stands should strive for increasing the amount of old trees and retain vegetation in the understory to benefit breeding birds.
30.	Bergstedt, Johan, et al. (author) In the eye of the beholder : bias and stochastic variation in cover estimates 2009 In: PLANT ECOLOGY. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1385-0237 .- 1573-5052. ; 204:2, s. 271-283 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Cover estimates by eye is a prevailing method to assess abundance. We examined cover estimates with regard to bias and random variation. Ten observers working with a national forest vegetation survey estimated sixteen 100 m(2)-plots, placed in two different vegetation types. These had similar species composition but were clearly distinguishable in the field. In species-wise analyses, observer bias varied greatly, with Dicranum spp., Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Vaccinium myrtillus having the largest bias. Experience had a surprisingly small impact on variation. Power analysis revealed only small differences between observers in the ability to distinguish the two vegetation types, and little value in averaging the assessments from two, three or four observers. Cover estimates did better than presence/absence data in separating the two vegetation types and multivariate analyses were more powerful than univariate ones.
31.	Blixt, Torbjörn, et al. (author) Clear-cuts in production forests: From matrix to neo-habitat forbutterflies 2015 In: Acta Oecologica. - : Elsevier. - 1146-609X .- 1873-6238. ; 69, s. 71-77 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Butterfly conservation in Europe is mainly focused on well-defined grassland habitat patches. Such anapproach ignores the impact of the surrounding landscape, which may contain complementary resourcesand facilitate dispersal. Here, we investigated butterfly species richness and abundance in a habitatnormally regarded as unsuitable matrix: production forestry clear-cuts. Butterflies were recorded in 48clear-cuts in southern Sweden differing with regards to the time since clear-cutting and land-use history(meadow or forest based on historical maps from the 1870s). All clear-cuts had been managed as productionforests for at least 80e120 years. A total of 39 species were found in clear-cuts of both land-usehistories, but clear-cuts with a history as meadow had on average 34% higher species richness and 19%higher abundance than did clear-cuts with a history as forest. No effect of the time since clear-cuttingwas found, irrespective of land-use history, which was likely due to the narrow timespan sampled (<8years). The absence of temporal effect suggests that clear-cuts may provide butterflies with valuableresources for 10e15 years. Assuming a 100 year forest rotational cycle, this means that 10e15% of thetotal forested area are made up by clear-cuts valuable to butterflies, which corresponds to an area aboutfour times as large as that of species-rich semi-natural grasslands. The study illustrates the importance ofconsidering land-use legacies in ecological research and question the landscape-ecological view thatclear-cuts make up an unsuitable matrix for butterflies. Moreover, forest conservation management withspecial attention to land-use history may increase the quality of the landscape, thus facilitating butterflymetapopulation persistence. Given their large area and assets of nectar and host plant resources, clearcutsmust be considered as a butterfly habitat in its own right. Being a man-made environment withshort history, we might call it a neo-habitat.
32.	Brauner, Susanna, et al. (author) H1N1 vaccination in Sjogren's syndrome triggers polyclonal B cell activation and promotes autoantibody production 2017 In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 76:10, s. 1755-1763 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract ObjectivesVaccination of patients with rheumatic disease has been reported to result in lower antibody titres than in healthy individuals. However, studies primarily include patients on immunosuppressive therapy. Here, we investigated the immune response of treatment-naive patients diagnosed with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) to an H1N1 influenza vaccine.Methods Patients with Sjogren's syndrome without immunomodulatory treatment and age-matched and gender-matched healthy controls were immunised with an H1N1 influenza vaccine and monitored for serological and cellular immune responses. Clinical symptoms were monitored with a standardised form. IgG class switch and plasma cell differentiation were induced in vitro in purified naive B cells of untreated and hydroxychloroquine-treated patients and healthy controls. Gene expression was assessed by NanoString technology.ResultsSurprisingly, treatment-naive patients with Sjogren's syndrome developed higher H1N1 IgG titres of greater avidity than healthy controls on vaccination. Notably, off-target B cells were also triggered resulting in increased anti-EBV and autoantibody titres. Endosomal toll-like receptor activation of naive B cells in vitro revealed a greater propensity of patient-derived cells to differentiate into plasmablasts and higher production of class switched IgG. The amplified plasma cell differentiation and class switch could be induced in cells from healthy donors by preincubation with type 1 interferon, but was abolished in hydroxychloroquine-treated patients and after in vitro exposure of naive B cells to chloroquine.ConclusionsThis comprehensive analysis of the immune response in autoimmune patients to exogenous stimulation identifies a mechanistic basis for the B cell hyperactivity in Sjogren's syndrome, and suggests that caution is warranted when considering vaccination in non-treated autoimmune patients.
33.	Brehmer, Yvonne, et al. (author) Neural correlates of training-related working-memory gains in old age 2011 In: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1053-8119 .- 1095-9572. ; 58:4, s. 1110-1120 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Working memory (WM) functioning declines in old age. Due to its impact on many higher-order cognitive functions, investigating whether training can modify WM performance has recently been of great interest. We examined the relationship between behavioral performance and neural activity following five weeks of intensive WM training in 23 healthy older adults (M = 63.7 years). 12 participants received adaptive training (i.e. individually adjusted task difficulty to bring individuals to their performance maximum), whereas the others served as active controls (i.e. fixed low-level practice). Brain activity was measured before and after training, using fMRI, while subjects performed a WM task under two difficulty conditions. Although there were no training-related changes in WM during scanning, neocortical brain activity decreased post training and these decreases were larger in the adaptive training group than in the controls under high WM load. This pattern suggests intervention-related increases in neural efficiency. Further, there were disproportionate gains in the adaptive training group in trained as well as in non-trained (i.e. attention, episodic memory) tasks assessed outside the scanner, indicating the efficacy of the training regimen. Critically, the degree of training-related changes in brain activity (i.e. neocortical decreases and subcortical increases) was related to the maximum gain score achieved during the intervention period. This relationship suggests that the decreased activity, but also specific activity increases, observed were functionally relevant.
34.	Brehmer, Yvonne, et al. (author) Working-memory training in younger and older adults : training gains, transfer, and maintenance 2012 In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5161. ; 6:63, s. 1-7 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Working memory (WM), a key determinant of many higher-order cognitive functions, declines in old age. Current research attempts to develop process-specific WM training procedures, which may lead to general cognitive improvement. Adaptivity of the training as well as the comparison of training gains to performance changes of an active control group are key factors in evaluating the effectiveness of a specific training program. In the present study, 55 younger adults (20–30 years of age) and 45 older adults (60–70 years of age) received 5 weeks of computerized training on various spatial and verbal WM tasks. Half of the sample received adaptive training (i.e., individually adjusted task difficulty), whereas the other half-worked on the same task material but on a low task difficulty level (active controls). Performance was assessed using criterion, near-transfer, and far-transfer tasks before training, after 5 weeks of intervention, as well as after a 3-month follow-up interval. Results indicate that (a) adaptive training generally led to larger training gains than low-level practice, (b) training and transfer gains were somewhat greater for younger than for older adults in some tasks, but comparable across age groups in other tasks, (c) far-transfer was observed to a test on sustained attention and for a self-rating scale on cognitive functioning in daily life for both young and old, and (d) training gains and transfer effects were maintained across the 3-month follow-up interval across age.
35.	Brown, Ian, et al. (author) L-Band Polarimetric Target Decomposition of Mangroves of the Rufiji Delta, Tanzania 2016 In: Remote Sensing. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-4292. ; 8:2 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The mangroves of the Rufiji Delta are an important habitat and resource. The mangrove forest reserve is home to an indigenous population and has been under pressure from an influx of migrants from the landward side of the delta. Timely and effective forest management is needed to preserve the delta and mangrove forest. Here, we investigate the potential of polarimetric target decomposition for mangrove forest monitoring and analysis. Using three ALOS PALSAR images, we show that L-band polarimetry is capable of mapping mangrove dynamics and is sensitive to stand structure and the hydro-geomorphology of stands. Entropy-alpha-anisotropy and incoherent target decompositions provided valuable measures of scattering behavior related to forest structure. Little difference was found between Yamaguchi and Arii decompositions, despite the conceptual differences between these models. Using these models, we were able to differentiate the scattering behavior of the four main species found in the delta, though classification was impractical due to the lack of pure stands. Scattering differences related to season were attributed primarily to differences in ground moisture or inundation. This is the first time mangrove species have been identified by their scattering behavior in L-band polarimetric data. These results suggest higher resolution L-band quad-polarized imagery, such as from PALSAR-2, may be a powerful tool for mangrove species mapping.
36.	Brown, Ian, et al. (author) Multi-decadal L-band SAR observations of the Mangrove forests of the Rufiji Delta Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract Mangroves are important habitats that face a range of threats, natural and anthropogenic. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images from 1994 to 2010 have been used to identify systematic changes in mangrove forest vegetation in the Rufiji Delta, Tanzania. The mangrove forest is a Forest Reserve and is protected from large scale exploitation, though there are settlements within the reserve. A dataset of five L-band SAR images spanning a 16-year time period was processed to identify spatio-temporal changes in mangrove forest extent and composition. SAR signatures are related to changes in water budget. The image data show minor expansion in cultivated land along the margins of established communities in the delta. Thinning of mangroves is detected on higher ground whilst along creeks and river channels SAR backscatter indicates an increase in biomass. Sea level height is found to exert a stronger influence on backscatter than minor differences in seasonality. Despite inaccuracies in older SAR images SAR time series are shown to provide valuable data on the spatio-temporal dynamics of East African mangrove forests.
37.	Burman, Joseph, et al. (author) Revealing hidden species distribution with pheromones: the caseof Synanthedon vespiformis (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Sweden 2016 In: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 20:1, s. 11-21 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Synanthedon vespiformis L. (Lepidoptera:Sesiidae) is considered a rare insect in Sweden, discoveredin 1860, with only a few observations recorded until a sexpheromone attractant became available recently. This studydetails a national survey conducted using pheromones as asampling method for this species. Through pheromonetrapping we captured 439 specimens in Southern Sweden at77 sites, almost tripling the number of previously reportedrecords for this species. The results suggest that S. vespiformisis truly a rare species with a genuinely scattereddistribution, but can be locally abundant. Habitat analyseswere conducted in order to test the relationship betweenhabitat quality and the number of individuals caught. InSweden, S. vespiformis is thought to be associated with oakhosts, but our attempts to predict its occurrence by theabundance of oaks yielded no significant relationships. Wetherefore suggest that sampling bias and limited knowledgeon distribution may have led to the assumption that thisspecies is primarily reliant on oaks in the northern part ofits range, whereas it may in fact be polyphagous, similar toS. vespiformis found as an agricultural pest in Central andSouthern Europe. We conclude that pheromones canmassively enhance sampling potential for this and otherrare lepidopteran species. Large-scale pheromone-basedsurveys provide a snapshot of true presences and absencesacross a considerable part of a species national distributionrange, and thus for the first time provide a viable means ofsystematically assessing changes in distribution over timewith high spatiotemporal resolution.
38.	Caretta, Martina Angela, et al. (author) Labour, climate perceptions and soils in the irrigation systems in Sibou, Kenya & Engaruka, Tanzania 2014 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract This booklet presents the results of a 4 years project (2011-2015) by four geographers from the university of Stockholm. This research took place in two small villages: Sibou, Kenya and Engaruka, Tanzania. The overall project looks at three variables: soil, climate and labor. These aspects can give an indication of the type of changes that happened in these irrigation systems and what have been the triggers behind them. In this booklet results are presented according to location and focus on: agricultural practices, women´s and men´s labor tasks, soil and water characteristics, adaptation weather variability and how all of these aspects have changed over time.
39.	Caretta, Martina Angela, et al. (author) Soil management and soil properties in a Kenyan smallholder irrigation system on naturally low-fertile soils 2018 In: Applied Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-6228 .- 1873-7730. ; 90, s. 248-256 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In this study we examine the impact of soil management practices on soil properties in a landscape with naturally relatively poor soils on and below the dry slopes of a Rift Valley escarpment in Kenya that have been dominated by extensive smallholder investments in canal irrigation over the last 300 years. We show that farmers in the area have been able to keep up agricultural production in the face of growing population. The actual practices of soil management at one moment in time appear to be of minor importance to soil improvement, as indicated by the low correlation between Soil Management Index (SMI) and soil chemical data. However, cultivation triggers a process of slow soil improvement manifested by a positive correlation between nutrient levels and duration of irrigated cultivation and soil management, which likely explains farmers' confidence in soil productivity. However, we also identify sodicity as a risk connected to intensified irrigation in the area. Finally, we stress the need for further studies integrating investigations of local irrigation and soil management with soil and water quality analyses. These will be crucial to shape sustainable place-based and farmer-led solutions for African agricultural growth.
40.	Carlén, Lars, et al. (author) CHICSi - a compact ultra-high vacuum compatible detector system for nuclear reaction experiments at storage rings. III. readout system 2004 In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 516:2-3, s. 327-347 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract (CHICSi) Celsius Heavy Ion Collaboration Si detector system is a high granularity, modular detector telescope array for operation around the cluster-jet target/circulating beam intersection of the CELSIUS storage ring at the The. Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden. It is able to provide identity and momentum vector of up to 100 charged particles and fragments from proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at intermediate energies, 50-1000A MeV. All detector telescopes as well as the major part of electronic readout system are placed inside the target chamber in ultra-high vacuum (UHV, 10(-9)-10(-7) Pa). This requires Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) microchip for the spectroscopic signal processing and the generation and transport of digital control signals. Eighteen telescopes, read out with chip-on-board technique by ceramics Mother Boards (MB) and corresponding 18 microchips are mounted on a 450 x 45 mm(2) Grand Mother Board (GMB), processed on FR4 glass-fibre material. Each of these 28 GMB units contains a daisy-chain organisation of the VLSI chips and associated protection circuits. Analogue-to-digital conversion of the spectroscopic signals is performed on a board outside the chamber which is connected on one side to a power distribution board, directly attached to a UHV mounting flange, and on the other side to the VME-based data acquisition system (CHICSiDAQ). This in its turn is connected via a fibre-optic link to the general TSL acquisition system (SVEDAQ), and in this way data from auxiliary detector systems, read out in CAMAC mode, can be stored in coincidence with CHICSi data.
41.	Carlén, Lars, et al. (author) Dynamical. and statistical fragment emission properties in 200 A MeV Ne-20+Ar-40 collisions 2006 In: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 764, s. 15-23 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Dynamical and statistical fragment emission processes in 200 A MeV Ne-20 + Ar-40 collisions are well probed by measurements of charge (Z), mass (A) and momentum vector ((p) over right arrow) of all fragments in large parts of the available momentum space. We present such data obtained at the cluster-jet target of the CELSIUS storage ring, for the first time with an internal, ultra-high vacuum (UHV) compatible detector system (CHICSi). Energy and angular dependence in Z and A distributions are not reproduced by a single-step model, e.g., those based on molecular dynamics (MD), but require a complete three-step model. We use here the intranuclear cascade+ statistical multifragmentation + secondary evaporation model (CFEM). The angular dependence of isobaric ratios, like He-6/Li-6 at low emission velocities and temperatures extracted from isotopic (double) ratios, do exhibit differences, even from this model. These differences, which call for adjustment of model parameters, are discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
42.	Castro, Marley, et al. (author) Multi-Cubesat Mission For Auroral Acceleration Region Studies 2021 In: IAC 2021 Congress Proceedings, 72nd International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. - : International Astronautical Federation (IAF). Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The Auroral Acceleration Region (AAR) is a key region in understanding the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere interaction. To understand the physical, spatial and temporal features of the region, multi-point measurements are required. Distributed small-satellite missions such as constellations of multiple nano satellites (for example multi-unit CubeSats) would enable such type of measurements. The capabilities of such a mission will highly depend on the number of satellites - one reason that makes low-cost platforms like CubeSats a very promising choice. In a previous study, the state-of-the-art of miniaturized payloads for AAR measurements was analyzed and evaluated and capabilities of different multi-CubeSat configurations equipped with such payloads in addressing different open questions in AAR were discussed. In this paper the mission analysis and possible mission design, as well as necessary technology developments of such multi-CubeSat mission are identified and presented.
43.	Chowdhury, Sohini Roy, et al. (author) Automated Augmentation with Reinforcement Learning and GANs for Robust Identification of Traffic Signs using Front Camera Images 2019 In: Conference Record - Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. - 1058-6393. - 9781728143002 ; 2019-November, s. 79-83 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Traffic sign identification using camera images from vehicles plays a critical role in autonomous driving and path planning. However, the front camera images can be distorted due to blurriness, lighting variations and vandalism which can lead to degradation of detection performances. As a solution, machine learning models must be trained with data from multiple domains, and collecting and labeling more data in each new domain is time consuming and expensive. In this work, we present an end-to-end framework to augment traffic sign training data using optimal reinforcement learning policies and a variety of Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) models, that can then be used to train traffic sign detector modules. Our automated augmenter enables learning from transformed nightime, poor lighting, and varying degrees of occlusions using the LISA Traffic Sign and BDD-Nexar dataset. The proposed method enables mapping training data from one domain to another, thereby improving traffic sign detection precision/recall from 0.70/0.66 to 0.83/0.71 for nighttime images.
44.	Dahlin, Sandra, et al. (author) Chemical aging of Cu-SSZ-13 SCR catalysts for heavy-duty vehicles –Inﬂuence of sulfur dioxide 2018 In: Catalysis Today. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0920-5861 .- 1873-4308. ; 320, s. 72-83 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides is an eﬃcient technique for emission abatement in heavy-dutyvehicles. Cu-SSZ-13 SCR catalysts are more active than vanadium-based catalysts at low temperatures, but aremore sensitive to deactivation by sulfur. Consequently, there is a need to study poisoning by sulfur for thiscatalyst material. This experimental investigation focuses on the eﬀect of sulfur on the low-temperature per-formance of Cu-SSZ-13 SCR catalysts. The eﬀect of sulfur exposure temperature, and the inﬂuence of the NO 2 /NO x ratio, are considered and two diﬀerent regeneration temperatures are compared. In addition, catalystsamples from an engine-aged catalyst are evaluated. The SO 2 exposure temperature is shown to have an im-portant impact on the deactivation of the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst. The lowest sulfur exposure temperature (220 °C)results in the most severe deactivation, while the highest temperature during sulfur exposure (400 °C) results inthe lowest degree of deactivation. This was found to be related to the amount of sulfur on the catalyst.Additionally, SO 2 exposure was shown to decrease the N 2 O selectivity. The engine-aged catalyst has a decreasedperformance in terms of both decreased activity and increased N 2 O selectivity. For this catalyst, impurities fromfuel and engine-oil can play a role in the deactivation. Diﬀerent deactivation mechanisms are seen for the lab-and engine-aged catalysts.
45.	Dahlin, Sandra, et al. (author) Effect of biofuel- and lube oil-originated sulfur and phosphorus on the performance of Cu-SSZ-13 and V2O5-WO3/TiO2 SCR catalysts Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract Two different SCR catalysts, V2O5-WO3/TiO2 and Cu-SSZ-13, were exposed to biodiesel exhausts generated by a diesel burner. The effect of phosphorus and sulfur on the SCR performance of these catalysts was investigated by doping the fuel with P-, S-, or P+S-containing compounds. Elemental analyses showed that both catalysts captured phosphorus while only Cu-SSZ-13 captured sulfur. High molar P/V ratios, up to almost 3, were observed for V2O5-WO3/TiO2, while the highest P/Cu ratios observed were slightly above 1 for the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst. Although the V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst captured more P than did the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst, a higher degree of deactivation was observed for the latter, especially at low temperatures. For both catalysts, phosphorus exposure resulted in suppression of the SCR performance over the entire temperature range. Sulfur exposure, on the other hand, resulted in deactivation of the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst mainly at temperatures below 300-350 ºC. The use of an oxidation catalyst upstream of the SCR catalyst during the exhaust-exposure could protect the SCR catalyst from phosphorus poisoning. The results in this work will improve the 2 understanding of chemical deactivation of SCR catalysts and aid in developing durable aftertreatment systems.
46.	Dahlin, Sandra, et al. (author) Effect of biofuel- and lube oil-originated sulfur and phosphorus on the performance of Cu-SSZ-13 and V2O5-WO3/TiO2 SCR catalysts 2021 In: Catalysis Today. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0920-5861 .- 1873-4308. ; 360, s. 326-339 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Two different SCR catalysts, V2O5-WO3/TiO2 and Cu-SSZ-13, were exposed to biodiesel exhausts generated by a diesel burner. The effect of phosphorus and sulfur on the SCR performance of these catalysts was investigated by doping the fuel with P-, S-, or P + S-containing compounds. Elemental analyses showed that both catalysts captured phosphorus while only Cu-SSZ-13 captured sulfur. High molar P/V ratios, up to almost 3, were observed for V2O5-WO3/TiO2, while the highest P/Cu ratios observed were slightly above 1 for the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst. Although the V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst captured more P than did the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst, a higher degree of deactivation was observed for the latter, especially at low temperatures. For both catalysts, phosphorus exposure resulted in suppression of the SCR performance over the entire temperature range. Sulfur exposure, on the other hand, resulted in deactivation of the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst mainly at temperatures below 300-350 °C. The use of an oxidation catalyst upstream of the SCR catalyst during the exhaust-exposure protects the SCR catalyst from phosphorus poisoning by capturing phosphorus. The results in this work will improve the understanding of chemical deactivation of SCR catalysts and aid in developing durable aftertreatment systems.
47.	Drakskog, Cecilia, et al. (author) Extensive qPCR analysis reveals altered gene expression in middle ear mucosa from cholesteatoma patients 2020 In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 15:9 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The middle ear is a small and hard to reach compartment, limiting the amount of tissue that can be extracted and the possibilities for studying the molecular mechanisms behind diseases like cholesteatoma. In this paper 14 reference gene candidates were evaluated in the middle ear mucosa of cholesteatoma patients and two different control tissues. ACTB and GAPDH were shown to be the optimal genes for the normalisation of target gene expression when investigating middle ear mucosa in multiplex qPCR analysis. Validation of reference genes using c-MYC expression confirmed the suitability of ACTB and GAPDH as reference genes and showed an upregulation of c-MYC in middle ear mucosa during cholesteatoma. The occurrence of participants of the innate immunity, TLR2 and TLR4, were analysed in order to compare healthy middle ear mucosa to cholesteatoma. Analysis of TLR2 and TLR4 showed variable results depending on control tissue used, highlighting the importance of selecting relevant control tissue when investigating causes for disease. It is our belief that a consensus regarding reference genes and control tissue will contribute to the comparability and reproducibility of studies within the field.
48.	Duenas Dobrowolski, Jan, et al. (author) Experimental Study of Lubricating Grease Flow inside the Gap of a Labyrinth Seal Using Microparticle Image Velocimetry 2018 In: Tribology Transactions. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1040-2004 .- 1547-397X. ; 61:1, s. 31-40 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In this study, the flow of lubricating greases in a labyrinth seal geometry is studied using microparticle image velocimetry (µPIV). The aim is to evaluate the grease velocity distribution inside the gap of a labyrinth seal and to find a relationship between the grease consistency and the transferred speed from the rotating ring in order to choose the correct grease as a sealing medium. In addition, the grease flow characteristics are important for the understanding of fracture due to grease layer displacement. For these purposes, four greases with different rheological properties were used in µPIV experiments. It was found that the grease consistency plays a crucial role in speed development as well as the grease composition and presence of a slip effect at the grease–rotating wall interface.
49.	Edlund, Lars-Erik, 1953- (author) Aktuell litteratur om svenska dialekter 2006 In: Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv. - Uppsala : Kungl. Gustav Adolfs Akademien för svensk folkkultur. - 0347-1837. ; , s. 127-138 Journal article (other academic/artistic)
50.	Edlund, Lars-Erik, 1953-, et al. (author) Aktuell litteratur om svenska dialekter : en krönika 2005 In: Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv. - 0347-1837. ; , s. 119-126 Research review (other academic/artistic)

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