| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bern, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Mobilitet och tillgänglighet – framtidens resande
- 2016
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Trafikverket har gett TRUM (Transportforskningsenheten vid Umeå Universitet) i uppdrag att utreda framtidens mobilitet innefattande frågor såsom privatpersoners attityder och normer till resande med bil och däribland självkörande bilar, betalningsvilja, syn på ägande inställning till individuellt resande gentemot kollektivt resande, samt intressenters förväntningar på ett framtida tillgängligt transportsystem. Därutöver önskar Trafikverket ökad förståelse kring arbetssätt och metoder för att möta teknikutveckling och framtida mobilitet. Syftet med föreliggande rapport är att svara på dessa frågeställningar utifrån litteraturstudier och intervjuer.Det huvudsakliga underlaget för rapporten är en genomgång av litteratur relaterad till transporter, mobilitet och historiska såväl som framtida trender. Fokus har varit på persontransporter kopplat till människors beteende, samt vad privatpersoner, framtidsspanare och företrädare för bil- och teknikbranschen tror kommer att hända med personresande i framtiden. Utöver litteraturstudien genomfördes sex intervjuer under januari och februari 2016. Intervjuerna gjordes med syfte att öka förståelsen för hur människor resonerar kring mobilitet och transporter i dagsläget och hur de tror att vi kommer att resa i framtiden. Utifrån litteraturgenomgången och intervjuerna kan konstateras att attityder till elbilar generellt sett är positiva. Hinder för ett bredare genombrott utgörs av uppfattade prisskillnader, räckviddsångest och uppfattad brist på laddinfrastruktur. Som drivkrafter kan nämnas ökat miljömedvetande och alltmer positiva attityder bland flera olika aktörer, till exempel teknikutvecklare. När det gäller självkörande bilar är attityderna mer varierande. Bland annat lyfts säkerhetsfaktorer, tillgänglighet och det faktum att flera bilmodeller redan idag utrustas med olika typer av autonomifunktioner. Enligt olika bedömningar kommer koncept såsom Mobility as a Service och liknande att leda till förändrade attityder och normer när det gäller både privat och kollektivt resande. Avslutningsvis lämnas förslag på hur dessa och andra förändringar kan följas och förstås utifrån ett planeringsperspektiv. Olika metoder och perspektiv är viktiga för att skapa en bild över framtida utveckling redan idag, framförallt kopplat till de miljöutmaningar samhället står inför.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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A study of forest values and management attitudes in the general public in Germany and Sweden : does context matter?
- 2015
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In: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Routledge. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 58:8, s. 1412-1431
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Based on the reasoning that contextual variations are important for understanding differences in forest cognitions, this study examined forest values and management attitudes in the general public in Germany (n = 1135) and Sweden (n = 1311) by means of a questionnaire. Results indicated that the public in both countries emphasised similar forest values, and the overall pattern was comparable for different types of forest, although certain differences based on forest type and country were evident. For example, the German public was more ecologically oriented, whereas the Swedish public was more production oriented in its forest values and management attitudes. Furthermore, ecological and various anthropocentric forest values were perceived to be quite compatible, with the Swedish respondents perceiving this to a greater extent than the German. The overall cognitive structure of forest values and management attitudes was similar in both countries, although differences were revealed, particularly regarding attitudes.
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| 4. |
- Ficko, Andrej, et al.
(author)
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European private forest owner typologies : a review of methods and use
- 2019
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In: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 99, s. 21-31
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing diversity of non-industrial private forest owners (PFOs) in Europe has been recognized by policy makers and the forestry sector at large. Typologies of these owners have been developed to provide an understanding of the diversity of owners' attitudes, values, beliefs, management objectives and behaviour. We analyzed PFO typologies from 28 European countries published from 1985 to 2015 in peer-reviewed journals and grey literature with respect to 1) research approaches and methods used; 2) typology objectives and problems addressed; 3) policy and management recommendations given. Using an on-line questionnaire we asked the first authors of the most relevant publications to retrospectively assess 4) the use of their typologies in education, science and forest policy. Most of the 66 publications reviewed share the common objective of providing a better understanding of forest ownership. Typologies were also developed to address roundwood mobilization, delivery of public goods, forest management approaches, involvement in PFO associations and entrepreneurship. The most common methodological approach was quantitative where owners were grouped by k-means clustering into 2 to 6 types and labelled with various names. Most frequently used labels were Multiobjective owners, Recreationists, Investors, Farmers, Indifferent owners, Conservationists, Multifunctional owners and Self-employed owners. Policy implications remain vague. The typologies had mostly been used in teaching and occasionally by politicians, civil servants or stake-holders. Only a half of the typologies had a follow-up study or was updated over time by the authors. After decades of classifying PFOs, it seems necessary to explore the link between typologies and forest owners' overt behaviour.
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| 5. |
- Haugen, Katarina, 1980, et al.
(author)
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From pragmatism to meritocracy? Views on in- house family ties on the Swedish labour market
- 2019
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In: Fennia-International Journal of Geography. - : Fennia - International Journal of Geography. - 0015-0010 .- 1798-5617. ; 197:2, s. 268-279
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In-house family ties within workplaces are a non-negligible phenomenon on the labour market. Drawing on organizational and geographical perspectives and based on thematic analysis of 40 interviews with human resource managers, we analyse how family ties are viewed and managed in organizations on the Swedish labour market. Based on the empirical analysis, we suggest that there are two different logics of human resource management concerning in-house family ties: a traditional, pragmatic and informal logic which expresses an accepting view; and a modern, meritocratic and formal logic associated with a disapproving view. Moreover, the informal logic seems to be increasingly challenged by formalization of human resource processes in both urban and rural settings. However, the analysis indicates that in smaller labour markets this shift is somewhat restrained by the limited supply of labour and socially tight knit local communities. Also, it seems that the change often meets resistance from supporters of the informal logic, and there is dissonance across different professional groups across and within organizations.
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| 6. |
- Haugen, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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New forest owners : Change and continuity in the characteristics of Swedish non-industrial private forest owners (NIPF owners) 1990-2010
- 2016
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In: Small-scale Forestry. - : Springer. - 1873-7617 .- 1873-7854. ; 15:4, s. 533-550
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a total survey of the characteristics and changes over time (1990–2010) within the entire population of Swedish non-industrial private forest owners (NIPF owners). By charting the changed demographic, socio-economic and geographic profile of the NIPF owners, it also provides a baseline for a discussion and analysis of potential implications for forest management, policy and values. NIPF owners differ in important ways from the general population of Sweden. However, the gap has narrowed over time with regard to, e.g., educational level and sex composition. The ongoing urbanization process is evident in the growing share of non-residential NIPF owners who live at a distance from their forest property and who differ from their residential (rural) peers through, e.g., higher education, higher income and a higher prevalence of co-ownership of their forest holdings. Although these changes might translate into updated views on forest values among NIPF owners, there could be a delay before this impacts on forest management practices and output.
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| 7. |
- Holm, Einar, 1952-, et al.
(author)
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Place, kinship, and employment
- 2018
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In: Population, Space and Place. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1544-8444 .- 1544-8452. ; 24:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explores the magnitude and composition of kinship ties at Swedish workplaces. By analysing official register data and illustrating findings from interviews with HR personnel at different workplaces, the following questions are discussed: How much kinship concentration is there today on the labour market in a modern Western society such as Sweden? How is the kin‐based selection of workplace members structured by place? The study is based on an analysis of individually connected register information on all workplaces in Sweden in 2012. The number of individual links between relatives and couples at an average workplace amounts to 14% of the number of employees as derived from 310, 000 couples and pairs of relatives among 4.3 million workers. So, even today in Sweden, kinship is a common phenomenon observable for most workers at most workplaces. Of all such connected pairs of kin at workplaces, more than a third contain counterparts living in the same household. A non‐linear individual‐level regression reveals that population density in the vicinity of the workplace is substantially related to kin density. Large agglomerations seem to coexist with low kin density workplaces. Although some level of kin membership is unavoidable especially at workplaces in sparsely populated places, removing this part still reveals that kinship above an unavoidable level seems to exist. The study contributes to the discussion of kinship in workplaces by examining the magnitude and composition of kinship ties in the whole work force and complementing findings with interviews.
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| 8. |
- Jansson, Johan, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Vad talar för tåg på semesterresan?
- 2019
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Fritidsresor svarar för drygt hälften av personresandet i Sverige mätt i kilometer. Huvuddelen av dessa resor (59 %) görs med bil, medan de kollektiva färdmedlen svarar för 10 %. Fritidsresorna är också längre än övriga resor, ca 51 km i genomsnitt. En överflyttning av i alla fall en del av fritidsresorna med bil till kollektiva färdmedel skulle ge märkbara effekter på koldioxidutsläpp, utsläpp av andra cancerogena ämnen samt trängsel i trafiken. I ett av Energimyndigheten finansierat projekt har vi undersökt hur olika åtgärder uppfattas av människor med olika transportresurser (tillgång till olika färdmedel och ekonomi) och transportbehov, vilka skillnader som finns mellan individer, och hur åtgärder kan utformas och presenteras för att upplevas som mer attraktiva. En del i projektet har riktats mot människors val av färdmedel vid semesterresor, och vilken roll tåg kan ha i detta val. Denna rapport handlar om just semesterresor, och hur människor värderar olika färdmedelsattribut vid längre resor.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lidestav, Gun, et al.
(author)
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Interactions between forest owners and their forests
- 2017
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In: Globalisation and change in forest ownership and forest use. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137571151 - 9781137571168 ; , s. 97-137
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- More than half of the forest land in Europe is privately owned, and ownership structure is known to have implications for management, production of timber and other forest products and services that support the transformation towards a green economy. This chapter provides examples of how we can gain knowledge about the forest and forest owner/user relationship from a structural point of view. Sweden is taken as an example because of the accessibility of continuous data on forest conditions, ownership and demographic data. It is concluded that the pace of change in ownership structure and forest management behaviour is slow. Further, neither the ongoing migration, urbanisation, ageing population nor the increased proportion of women seems to reduce the willingness to manage and harvest.
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| 11. |
- Nilsson, Per A., 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Great expectations of studying abroad : exchange students from Umeå University, Sweden
- 2019
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In: Exploring the opportunities and challenges of international students. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781536162424 - 9781536162417 ; , s. 99-124
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this study is to investigate students' expectations and experiences when studying abroad. A group of outbound exchange students at Umeå University, Sweden, were surveyed before and after the experience of studying in a foreign country. The study is based on a panel of 57 students, who answered one questionnaire prior to leaving for studies abroad and another after six months when most had returned to Sweden. Overall, the students were satisfied with their stay abroad. While the findings are partly in line with previous studies – the students expected to develop their language skills, learn more about another culture, develop as a person, and use the experience as a merit in their future career – this study also showed that in some aspects their perception of studying abroad changed. Perceptions that changed between the questionnaires concerned courses not being offered at Umeå University, more courses being available abroad than at home, and change of environment; the students appreciated this change more than they had expected. Moreover, the willingness to work abroad after finishing the studies was assessed lower upon the return home after the time abroad. Swedish outbound exchange students can be characterized as participants in horizontal mobility, as they expect a foreign higher education institution (HEI) to be of similar quality as their home university, thus emphasizing personal development more than academic achievement.
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| 12. |
- Nilsson, Per A., 1957-
(author)
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Studying abroad : exploring mobility, expectations and experiences among mobile students
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis deals with the experiences and outcomes of temporarily studying abroad, via follow-up studies, aiming to explore international student mobility with a focus on the individual’s perspective. The specific research questions, dealing with the individual students’ expectations and experiences, are addressed in three papers. The fourth paper is a framing of these studies, using results from a global study.The first research question connects to the attractiveness of international study experiences: Q1. What are the individual’s expectations for studying abroad, among inbound and outbound students, and what are the students’ reported experiences compared with these expectations? The second research question connects to the mobility culture of youth: Q2. Does students’ reported life satisfaction change in any way after studying abroad?A main finding for outbound students was an appreciation of courses offered at the destination higher education institution that were not available at Umeå University. The students also had a desire to change their environment and have new experiences. Conversely, the desire to work abroad in the future was lower after returning home. A major finding for inbound students was that they assigned higher value to personal development than academic development. The experience made the students positive in regard to working abroad. Inbound students reported significantly higher satisfaction at follow-up six months later for the domains somatic health and activities of daily living. For both in- and outbound students, experiencing a new culture was more important than pure academic experiences.When the experience was compared with the expectation, in most cases the outcomes were positively related for both in- and outbound students. The motives for international study were primarily related to personal achievements, indicating a fulfilment of one’s potential and curiosity about a sojourn abroad.Finally, the results from the Umeå studies were compared with a global survey. The Umeå studies shows that the respondents viewed studying abroad as an important experience and as a merit later in life. The global survey results indicate that the transition from education to the world of work is of increasing importance to students, and that it matters more for non-European students. The global study showed that employability, teaching ability, expert lectures, and course organization are important to international students.
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| 13. |
- Nordlund, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Acceptability of electric vehicle aimed measures : effects of norm activation, perceived justice and effectiveness
- 2018
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In: Transportation Research Part A. - : Elsevier. - 0965-8564 .- 1879-2375. ; 117, s. 205-213
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study a model was applied on consumer acceptance of commonly implemented EV focused measures. The model is based on a norm-activation process as defined in the Value-Belief-Norm theory and the Norm-Activation Model. The study was based on a questionnaire survey study on three groups of car owners; conventional fossil fuel vehicle owners (CV, n = 312, owners of vehicles run on alternative fuels except electricity (AFVnon-electric, n = 386), and owners of some form of electric vehicle (EV, n = 494). The results indicate that activating a personal normative reasoning in people can have a positive influence on the level of acceptance of EV aimed policy measures. It is important that policy makers develop policies that are perceived as just and effective, which as a consequence are then more acceptable to citizens.
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| 14. |
- Nordlund, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Forest Beliefs in an Urbanizing World : Views on and Usage of Forest Areas Among Persons with and Without a Migration Biography in Germany and Sweden
- 2017
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In: Society & Natural Resources. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 30:2, s. 160-176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous studies have shown that environmental values of inhabitants of urban areas differ to some extent from those of people living in rural contexts. In the light of increasing urbanization, it is sometimes argued that these differences are becoming even greater, as people are becoming more and more alienated from nature. In the context of a larger survey study on beliefs about forests and forest management among the general public in Germany and Sweden, the influences of people’s migration biographies on their patterns of forest usage, their environmental concerns about forests, and the expectations and values they ascribe to forests are explored. While previous findings on differences between urban and rural populations are confirmed, we also find variation within these groups depending on their history of moving between the two spatial categories. This study thus adds a dynamic aspect to the discussion on the urban–rural perspective on beliefs about forests.
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| 15. |
- Westin, Kerstin, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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Do trees make people more rooted? : Private forest owners’ migration behavior
- 2018
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In: Forest Policy and Economics. - Umeå : Elsevier BV. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 94, s. 11-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forestland is a tangible asset, likely both indicating and creating attachment to the forest site for the owners. Forest ownership can both create and maintain a strong motive for developing the forest holding and its surroundings. Decisions made by non-industrial private forest (NIPF) owners can therefore be expected to influence population development in the local communities. This paper addresses forest owners' migration propensity, and whether forest ownership influences migration to and from the municipality where the forest holding is located. Comparing the non-forest owners to the group of local NIPF owners, we found that the latter are more sedentary. Forest owners living in their forest municipalities seldom move out – about a third annually compared to others in the same age group. When moving, about half of absentee forest owners select their forest municipality as their destination and thus become local forest owners. Although private forest ownership significantly contributes to population development in small, remote rural municipalities, policies for local and rural development rarely acknowledge the potential private forest owners represent for economic and population development in rural areas.
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| 16. |
- Westin, Kerstin, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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Individual forest owners in context
- 2017
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In: Globalisation and change in forest ownership and forest use. - Ume : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137571151 - 9781137571168 ; , s. 57-95
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this chapter, changes that have taken place on an overarching level in society, such as globalisation, supranational agencies, privatisation and restitution, are discussed from the forest owners' perspective. The forces influencing forest owners and forest ownership as described in Chap. 2 in this volume are scrutinised and interpreted here on a micro level. Urbanisation, economic restructuring, demographic change and new ownership constellations are both drivers and consequences of changes in lifestyles, forest owner identity, place attachment and attitudes to the forest resource.
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| 17. |
- Westin, Kerstin, 1954-
(author)
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Place attachment and mobility in city regions
- 2016
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In: Population, Space and Place. - : Wiley. - 1544-8444 .- 1544-8452. ; 22:8, s. 722-735
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of city regions can be regarded as both a driving force behind and a consequence of increased interaction between firms and people in a region. This paper focuses on people's place attachment to different geographic levels - neighbourhood, residential municipality, and city region - and the relationship between place attachment and mobility. In the present paper, the issues of whether attachment differs between residents in small versus large regions, between the centre and hinterlands, and of whether there is a relationship between attachment and mobility (commuting and migrating) are in focus. The analyses are based on a questionnaire distributed in 2009 to 6000 citizens in the city regions Goteborg and Umea in Sweden. The study shows a relationship between mobility and attachment to the neighbourhood and residential municipality but not with the city region. Satisfaction with the social life in the neighbourhood and public services in the residential municipality were shown to be important for the respondents, place attachment.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Westin, Kerstin, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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The importance of socio-demographic characteristics, geographic setting, and attitudes for adoption of electric vehicles in Sweden
- 2018
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In: Travel Behaviour & Society. - : Elsevier. - 2214-367X .- 2214-3688. ; 13, s. 118-127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although the number of different types of EVs is increasing, they still constitute only a small share of the total vehicle market. There are a number of barriers to car owners' adoption of an EV: travel needs, charging infrastructure, the individual car owner's socio-economic characteristics, attitudinal factors, and environmental concern. In this study, the characteristics and geographic location of all private car owners in Sweden (N = 4,447,118) are charted. Through analysis of survey data (N = 1192), the importance of socio-demographic attributes, geographic conditions, car interest, personal and social norms, and environmental concern is estimated. Mapping EV ownership shows that, so far, EV adoption has mainly occurred in metropolitan areas and also to some extent in hotspots outside the metropolitan areas, and that these hotspots are tourist regions that may be exposed to EVs via, for example, Norwegian tourists in the Swedish case. Logistic regression analyses show that age and education level have positive impacts on EV ownership. Residential area also has an influence to some extent, pointing to a slight neighborhood effect in EV adoption. However, the most important factor influencing EV ownership is the individual's personal norms. In addition to showcasing EV adoption patterns in Sweden, the contribution of this study is to point to the importance of the attitudinal factor of personal norm even when geographical conditions and socio-demographic characteristics are controlled for. Implications of the findings are discussed.
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