1. |
- Johnsson, Anna-Ida, et al.
(author)
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Specific SCAR markers and multiplex real-time PCR for quantification of two Trichoderma biocontrol strains in environmental samples
- 2011
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In: BioControl. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1386-6141 .- 1573-8248. ; 56, s. 903-913
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several strains from the genus Trichoderma (Ascomycetes, Hypocreales) are commercially used as biocontrol agents, e.g. in formulations containing the two Trichoderma strains IMI206039 (Hypocrea parapilulifera B.S. Lu, Druzhinina & Samuels) and IMI206040 (T. atroviride P. Karst). To quantify the presence of the two isolates after application, we developed primers for SCAR markers (Sequence-Characterised Amplified Region). In order to quantify both fungal strains simultaneously, we also designed fluorophore-labelled probes distinguishing the two strains, to be used in combination with the SCAR primers. In incubations of two different soils, artificially inoculated and maintained under controlled conditions, the quantification through amplification with the SCAR markers in qPCR and through colony-forming units from plate counting correlated well. Further tests of the markers on samples taken from a golf green treated with a product containing both strains indicated that the two biocontrol strains did not establish, either on the golf green or in the surrounding area.
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2. |
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3. |
- Von Rosen, Dietrich
(author)
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Non-negative estimation of variance components in heteroscedastic one-way random-effects ANOVA models
- 2010
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In: Statistics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0233-1888 .- 1029-4910. ; 44, s. 557-569
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a considerable amount of literature dealing with inference about the parameters in a heteroscedastic one-way random-effects ANOVA model. In this paper, we primarily address the problem of improved quadratic estimation of the random-effect variance component. It turns out that such estimators with a smaller mean squared error compared with some standard unbiased quadratic estimators exist under quite general conditions. Improved estimators of the error variance components are also established.
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4. |
- Skovsgaard, Jens Peter
(author)
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Bog om tarmvridrøn
- 2013
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In: Skoven. - 0106-8539. ; 45, s. 551-551
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Book review N. Mayer & R.T. Klumpp (ed.) 2013: Elsbeere in Österreich – Monographie. Verein zur Erhaltung, Pflege und Vermarktung der Elsbeere - Genussregion Wiesenwienerwald Elsbeere, Michelbach.
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5. |
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6. |
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7. |
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8. |
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9. |
- Messing, Ingmar
(author)
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Land and land use : Natural preconditions
- 2011
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In: Agriculture and Forestry in Sweden since 1900- a cartographic description. - 9789187760617 ; , s. 14-22
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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10. |
- Messing, Ingmar
(author)
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Marken i Sverige : Naturliga förutsättningar
- 2011
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In: Sveriges nationalatlas. Jordbruk och skogsbruk i Sverige sedan år 1900: en kartografisk beskrivning. - 9789187760594 ; , s. 14-22
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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11. |
- Messing, Ingmar, et al.
(author)
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Rovdrift på åkermark i Uppsala
- 2012
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In: Upsala nya tidning. - 1104-0173. ; , s. 5-
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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12. |
- Thulin, Carl-Gustaf
(author)
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Utsättning av arter : möjlighet för bevarandebiologin
- 2010
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In: Biodiverse. - 1401-5064. ; 15, s. 8-9
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Ett halvöppet, lövträdsdominerat landskap med betande hjortdjur, visenter, förvildad nötboskap och vildsvin, jagade av livskraftiga populationer av varg, björn och lo. Utopier och vilda fantasier? Kanske i delar, men något håller definitivt på att hända med bevarandet, återskapandet och skötseln av de europeiska vildmarkerna
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13. |
- Tunon, Håkan, et al.
(author)
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Kulturarv och hållbar utveckling
- 2010
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In: Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - : Föreningen Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - 0349-2834 .- 2002-3812. ; , s. 99–106-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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14. |
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15. |
- Norman, Johan
(author)
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Skogen – en plats för upplevelser
- 2011
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In: Grön Entreprenör, Naturupplevelse och hälsa – forskningen visar vägen. - 9789157690364 ; , s. 62-75
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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16. |
- Palsdottir, Anna Maria, et al.
(author)
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Nature-Based Therapeutic Interventions
- 2011
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In: Forests, Trees and Human Health. - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands. - 9789048198054 ; , s. 309-342
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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17. |
- Messing, Ingmar, et al.
(author)
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Methods to estimate lettuce evapotranspiration in greenhouse conditions in the central zone of Chile
- 2009
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In: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research. - 0718-5820. ; 69, s. 60-70
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study evaluates five methods to estimate crop evapotranspiration in greenhouse conditions. It compares their performance in relation to the evapotranspiration directly determined from water balance measurements (ET(lys)) in an irrigated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) crop during 9 weeks. Daily values of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) from Class A pan (CAP), Piche atmometers (ATM), Andersson evaporimeters (ANE), FAO-Radiation (FRE) and FAO-Penman-Monteith (PME) equations were compared. The methods showed similar temporal variations but at different ranges as follows: ANE < CAP < FRE < PME < ATM. Furthemore, ETo had a clear correlation with solar radiation. Crop coefficients (Kc = ET(lys)/ETo) varied somewhat amongst the methods, but trends were identified for two periods: in the first week, the overall mean Kc was 0.3 (+/- 0.1) and in weeks 2 to 9 on average 0.6 (+/- 0.3). The greenhouse values of Kc were lower than those generally adopted for lettuce in field conditions. In terms of irrigation design, crop evapotranspiration can be estimated by the methods in this study, on the condition that the appropriate crop coefficients are applied. The fact that ANE showed values closest to those of ETlys, along with cost and management convenience, makes it an advantageous alternative as compared to the other methods.
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18. |
- Daneshi, Ali, et al.
(author)
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Energy assessment in product chain of pasteurized milk: agronomy, animal farm and processing plant
- 2014
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In: Ecopersia. - 2322-2700. ; 2:3, s. 697-714
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objectives for this study were first to understand and estimate energy consumption in each stage of production and processing of milk using regional data and second, suggesting improvement opportunities. A cradle to gate assessment of market milk was performed by separating the system into three stages: agronomy, animal farm and processing plant. Data were collected from multiple sources e.g. questionnaire, published papers, national and international databases, and the processing plant database. Throughout the study, ISO framework and International Dairy Federation guideline on life cycle assessment were used. The functional unit (FU) was one liter of pasteurized milk packaged in plastic pouch at the processing plant gate. The average energy demand for producing 1 kg of fat-protein corrected milk at farm-gate was 10.8 MJ, although for the final packaged milk, it was 12.5MJ. Main stages in overall energy use of FU were agronomy 68 %, animal farm 19 % and processing plant 13%. The average energy use for raw milk production was 2-5 times higher than previous European reports. To enhance efficiency in this sector, we need to assess other regions’ potentials for feed and milk production and then to focus on agronomy stage for lower energy use by optimization of irrigation, or even importing energy intensive feed such as barley and alfalfa from other countries.
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19. |
- Drottberger, Annie, et al.
(author)
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Alternative Food Networks in Food System Transition-Values, Motivation, and Capacity Building among Young Swedish Market Gardeners
- 2021
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study sheds light on a new generation of Swedish food producers, market gardeners, who are attracting attention in terms of food system sustainability, prompted by increasing consumer awareness about the value of healthy and locally produced food. Market gardening is part of a global agroecological movement opposed to industrialized agriculture and its negative impacts on the environment and rural communities. These food producers challenge the incumbent agri-food regime through the building of alternative food networks. This case-based study involving 14 young vegetable producers showed that young people who engage in market gardening are strongly motivated by dual incentives, namely entrepreneurship and transformation to sustainability. Six main competences were identified as important for market gardeners: practical skills related to growing vegetables, business management, innovation and continuous learning, systems thinking, pioneering, and networking. Individuals develop their skills through continuous experiential learning and gain knowledge through peer-to-peer learning using social media. However, they need to acquire certain skills relating to their daily work in the field and to managing a business. Market gardeners currently face a number of barriers erected by the sociopolitical environment, in particular regarding access to research-based knowledge, extension services, and business support.
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20. |
- Roleda, Michael Y., et al.
(author)
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Chemical profiling of the Arctic sea lettuce Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) mass-cultivated on land under controlled conditions for food applications
- 2021
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In: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 341
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing use of seaweeds in European cuisine led to cultivation initiatives funded by the European Union. Ulva lactuca, commonly known as sea lettuce, is a fast growing seaweed in the North Atlantic that chefs are bringing into the local cuisine. Here, different strains of Arctic U. lactuca were mass-cultivated under controlled conditions for up to 10 months. We quantified various chemical constituents associated with both health benefits (carbohydrates, protein, fatty acids, minerals) and health risks (heavy metals). Chemical analyses showed that long-term cultivation provided biomass of consistently high food quality and nutritional value. Concentrations of macroelements (C, N, P, Ca, Na, K, Mg) and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Co, Mn, I) were sufficient to contribute to daily dietary mineral intake. Heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) were found at low levels to pose health risk. The nutritional value of Ulva in terms of carbohydrates, protein and fatty acids is comparable to some selected fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains.
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21. |
- Röös, Elin, et al.
(author)
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Diagnostic, regenerative or fossil-free - exploring stakeholder perceptions of Swedish food system sustainability
- 2023
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In: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 203
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In an analysis of food system sustainability challenges and solutions among Swedish food system actors using Q-methodology, five perspectives were identified. One of the main three perspectives placed the highest priority on reduced meat consumption, food waste, and climate impact in agriculture, but downplayed strategies highlighted in the national food strategy and social aspects, and can be interpreted as a diagnostic climate mitigation-oriented perspective that does not reflect current negotiated policy processes or ‘softer’ values of food. In an alternative regenerative perspective, industrialized large-scale farming and lack of internalization of external costs were regarded as the main problems, and diversity, soil health, and organic farming as the main solutions. Proponents of a third perspective regarded phasing out fossil fuels, increased profitability of companies, increased meat production, and self-sufficiency as high priorities. These contrasting views can be a major barrier to transforming the Swedish food system. However, a number of entry points for change (i.e. aspects highly important for some and neutral for others) were identified, including focusing on healthy diets and increased production of fruit and vegetables. Focusing on these can build trust among stakeholders before moving to discussions about the larger and more sensitive systemic changes needed. © 2022 The Authors
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22. |
- Ali, Liaqat
(author)
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Pre-harvest factors affecting quality and shelf-life in raspberries and blackberries (Rubus spp. L.)
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Fruit including berries have been demonstrated to exhibit a broad spectrum of benefits including protection against cardiovascular, neurological, and lung diseases, as well as having antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti- diabetic and anti-aging properties. These protective effects are reported to be due to their high content of bioactive compounds, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, phenolic acids, ellagitannins, flavonoids and carotenoids. This thesis investigated the effect of pre- and postharvest factors on the concentrations of bioactive compounds in raspberries and blackberries. The factors studied included genetic variability, organic and synthetic fertilizers, seasonal variation (harvest-to-harvest and annual variation) in greenhouse, high tunnel and open field production, and post-harvest storage. Concentrations of bioactive compounds (anthocyanins, vitamin C, ellagic acid, carotenoids) in the berries, or in the leaves, were quantitatively analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and total phenolics were analysed by a spectrophotometric method. Generative parameters (yield, fruit size) investigated for the cultivar difference and organic nitrogen, responded differently to the nitrogen level within cultivars and varied significantly in primocane raspberries. Taste compounds, such as total acidity and different sugars, varied during the season and with nutrient regimes. Time of harvest also affected the ellagic acid content, which was high in early season, and the vitamin C content, which was high in late season in primocane raspberries. Significant changes were also found between different years. Vitamin C decreased significantly with high synthetic N and with low K application, but the application of high N with high K showed positive influence in the level of nutrients and bioactive compounds in blackberries except for ellagic acid. Increased level of organic fertilization (12-17 g N/plant) in primocane raspberries caused only minor changes in the analysed compounds. The post-harvest performance of raspberries regarding the levels of bioactive compounds was less dynamic than in blackberries. In addition, raspberries harvested in late season showed comparatively less changes in sugar content during storage as compared to early harvest, indicating less enzymatic activity in the late season.
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23. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Uptake and Retention of Simulated Fallout of Radiocaesium and Radiostrontium by Different Agriculture Crops
- 2015
-
In: Radionuclides in the Environment. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319221700 ; , s. 115-132
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Abstract: The contamination level in potato, oilseed rape and wheat in terms of tubers, seeds and foliage has been investigated after the foliar application of wet-deposited 134Cs and 85Sr at different growth stages in a microscale field experiment conducted over consecutive years. The results indicate that the application of radionuclides in the beginning of the growth season resulted in low 134Cs and 85Sr activity in both seeds of wheat, oilseed rape and potato tubers across sampling occasions. In the middle of the growth season during radionuclide fallout, 134Cs activity in potato tubers across sampling occasions was highest. The spraying of radionuclides at later stages resulted in even lower 134Cs activity in potato tubers but increased activity in seeds of wheat and oilseed rape.
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24. |
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25. |
- Carlsson, Anders
(author)
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Plant oils as feedstock alternatives to petroleum - A short survey of potential oil crop platforms
- 2009
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In: Plant Breeding. - : Elsevier BV. - 0179-9541 .- 1439-0523. ; 91, s. 665-670
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our society is highly depending on petroleum for its activities. About 90% is used as an energy source for transportation and for generation of heat and electricity and the remaining as feedstocks in the chemical industry. However, petroleum is a finite source as well as causing several environmental problems such as rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Petroleum therefore needs to be replaced by alternative and sustainable sources. Plant oils and oleochemicals derived from them represent such alternative sources, which can deliver a substantial part of what is needed to replace the petroleum used as feedstocks.Plant derived feedstock oils can be provided by two types of oil qualities, multi-purpose and technical oils. Multi-purpose oils represent oil qualities that contain common fatty acids and that can be used for both food and feedstock applications. Technical oil qualities contain unusual fatty acids with special properties gained from their unique molecular structure and these types of oils should only be used for feedstock applications. As a risk mitigation strategy in the selection of crops, technical oil qualities should therefore preferably be produced by oil crop platforms dedicated for industrial usage. This review presents a short survey of oil crop platforms to be considered for either multi-purpose or technical oils production. Included among the former platforms are some of the major oil crops in cultivation such as oil palm, soybean and rapeseed. Among the later are those that could be developed into dedicated industrial platforms such as crambe, flax, cotton and Brassica carinata. The survey finishes off by highlighting the potential of substantial increase in plant oil production by developing metabolic flux platforms, which are starch crops converted into oil crops. (c) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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26. |
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27. |
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28. |
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29. |
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30. |
- Linner, Harry, et al.
(author)
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Agricultural land needs protection
- 2012
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In: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 62, s. 706-710
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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31. |
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32. |
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33. |
- Messing, Ingmar, et al.
(author)
-
Bygg inte på kultur- och åkermark
- 2009
-
In: Upsala nya tidning. - Uppsala. - 1104-0173. ; :2 maj, s. 4-
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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34. |
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35. |
- Messing, Ingmar, et al.
(author)
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Viktig åkermark hotas
- 2010
-
In: Upsala nya tidning. - 1104-0173.
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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36. |
- Nadeau, Elisabet, et al.
(author)
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Protein quality of grass silage as affected by silage additives and its effects on dairy cow performance
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Animal Science. - 0021-8812 .- 1525-3163. ; 93, s. 206-
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of improved protein quality of grass silage by additive use on dairy cow intake and performance. Grass from the first regrowth was wilted to 33% DM before being precision chopped and treated with the inoculant Kofasil Duo (Lactobacillus plantarum/Lactobacillus buchneri, 200,000 cfu/g) or with the chemical additive Kofasil Ultra K (sodium nitrite, hexamine, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate and sodium propionate, 2 L/T, Addcon Europe GmbH), which were compared with a control without additive. The forage was ensiled in hard-pressed round bales before being fed to 48 dairy cows (150 DIM) in a continuous trial for 9 wk using 8 cows per treatment. Cows were blocked according to breed, parity, DIM and milk yield. The silage contained 15% CP, 47% NDF, 3.3% WSC, 8.2% lactic acid, 2.1% acetic acid and 0.25% NH3-N of DM with minor differences between treatments. Rumen undegradable protein (RUP) of the silage at 5% passage rate was 22, 23 and 24% of CP for control (C), inoculant (I) and salt-based (S) additive, respectively. Diets were isonitrogenous (15.1% of DM) and isoenergetic (11.4 MJ/kg DM) varying in RUP (4.7% (high) and 2.5% (low) of DM). Concentrate UDP was 2.9 and 8.6% of DM. Dietary forage proportion of the TMR was 58% of DM. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with RUP, silage and week as fixed factors and block as a random factor. High RUP diet had higher milk yield than low RUP diet (29.4 vs. 27.9 kg; P < 0.05). The DM intake was not affected by RUP and silage treatment. Yields of milk and ECM were higher for the I and S diets than for the C diet at low RUP (28.9 vs. 26.0 kg milk, P < 0.01; 30.6 vs. 27.1 kg ECM, P < 0.001) whereas there was no effect of additive treatment in the high RUP diet. Milk fat and protein did not differ between silage treatments. Feed efficiency was higher for the I and S diets than for the C diet at the low RUP (1.6 vs. 1.3 kg of ECM/kg DM intake, P < 0.001) but not at the high RUP. The increased milk yield and feed efficiency when fed a diet with low RUP can partly be explained by increased RUP of the I and S silages.
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37. |
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38. |
- Pinzke, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Arbetsolycksfall i jord- och skogsbruk 2004
- 2011
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med föreliggande projekt (som finansieras av Stiftelsen Lantbruksforskning (SLF)) var att genomföra en omfattande enkät- och intervjuundersökning rörande olycksfall i jord- och skogsbruk 2004 i nära samarbete med representanter från Arbetsmiljöverket, Statistiska Centralbyrån (SCB), LRF, forskare, arbetsmarknadens parter m fl. Målsättningen var att få fördjupade kunskaper om olycksfallens uppkomst och omfattning. Avsikten var också att ta fram en sammanställning av åtgärder som förebygger uppkomsten av olycksfall inom de olika verksamhetsgrenarna i jord- och skogsbruket. För projektets genomförande etablerades en projekt- & referensgrupp, bestående av representanter från Institutionen för jordbrukets biosystem och teknologi (JBT), Arbetsmiljöverket, SCB, och Lantbrukets arbetsmiljökommitté (LAMK). I samråd med referensgruppen bestämdes urval, enkätutformning, utskick och resultatsammanställning. Urval • Målpopulationen för undersökningen var lantbruksföretag som 2004 hade mer än två hektar åker, företag med stor djurbesättning (oavsett åkerarealens storlek) samt företag med trädgårdsodling (minst 0,3 hektar friland eller minst 200 kvadratmeter växthusyta). En urvalsram skapades som avgränsar, identifierar och möjliggör koppling till objekten i populationen. Urvalsramen i denna undersökning utgjordes av lantbruksregistret (LBR) 2003, som innehåller gröduppgifter från stödsystemet IAKS 2003. Det totala antalet företag i ramen blev slutligen 67 061. JBT och SCB beslöt att urvalsstorleken skulle vara 7 000 lantbruksföretag. Enkätutformning • Postenkäten bestod av ett dubbelsidigt blad med fjorton frågor. Den viktigaste frågan gällde om det förekommit några olyckor på företaget under 2004. Med olycksfall avsågs plötsligt inträffade olyckshändelser som medfört kroppsskada och som utgjort hinder i arbetet. Olyckorna rapporterades per verksamhet, dvs. för jordbruk, trädgårdsodling, skogsbruk och annan näringsverksamhet (inkomstbringande verksamhet som har direkt samband med lantbruket). Telefonintervjublanketten avsåg ytterligare ett tiotal frågor för respektive olycksfall på företaget. Förutom variabler som samlats in via blanketterna hämtades ett antal registervariabler från LBR. Dessa var bland annat företagets timklass och driftsinriktning. Utskick • Frågeblanketterna i huvudundersökningen sändes till urvalsföretagen via post. Via missivet ombads dessa besvara frågorna och återsända frågeblanketten till SCB. Företag som redovisat olycksfall kontaktades av telefonintervjuare från SCB. Då inhämtades utförligare uppgifter om respektive olycksfall. Sammantaget pågick insamlingsarbetet från slutet av januari till slutet av maj 2005. • Totalt besvarade 5646 företag (81% av 7000) postenkäten. Resultat • Ca 5000 olycksfall inträffade år 2004 på jordbruksföretag och jordbruksföretag i kombination med skogsbruk (varav ca 74% inom jordbruket och 18% inom skogsbruket). Jämförelse mellan denna undersökning och den arbetsskadestatistik som publiceras av Arbetsmiljöverket visar på stora skillnader. Antalet anmälda arbetsolyckor år 2004 inom jordbruk, skogsbruk, jakt och fiske är där ca 400. Detta innebär att endast 8% av de inträffade olycksfallen framkommer i den officiella arbetsskadestatistiken. • På ca 7% av alla jordbruksföretag inträffade minst ett olycksfall som medfört kroppsskada och som utgjort hinder i arbetet. • Vad gäller olyckor inom olika driftsinriktningar framgår det att det till stor del är jordbruksföretag med djurproduktion som drabbas, drygt 70%. • Allra högst andel olycksfall inträffade på företag med mjölkproduktion. Under 2004 drabbades 15% av alla gårdar med mjölkproduktion av ett eller flera olycksfall. • För inriktning mjölkkor inträffade flest olyckor vid mjölkning och hantering och förflyttning av djur (framförallt spark, tramp, slag, klämning o.d. från djur). Fallolyckshändelser (t.ex. halkning/snubbling) var relativt vanliga förutom vid mjölkning också vid utgödsling och stallrengöring samt vid kraftfoderhantering. • Övervägande olyckshändelser med andra husdjur var slag, spark o.d. från djur vid arbete med köttdjur och rekrytering av mjölkdjur (t.ex. spark, stångning) och med Suggor, galtar och smågrisar (t.ex. påsprungen, klämning). • Flest olyckshändelser inom inriktning grödor inträffade vid arbete, transport och lagring av grovfoder och strö (t.ex. balhantering) och tröskgrödor (t.ex. vid arbete med skördetröskan, spannmålskross, silotorn etc.) • Vid traktorkörning var det vanligaste olycksområdet till- och frånkoppling av redskap, maskin, vagn etc. • Inom området byggnader och inventarier inträffade flest olyckor i samband med reparationsarbeten. Vanliga händelser var fallolyckor (t.ex. från stegar), kontakt med föremål i vila (kläm- /skärskador) och träffad av flygande/fallande föremål (t.ex. föremål som lossnar vid reparationsarbete). • Sannolikt inträffade det färre än 100 olyckor inom trädgårdsodling under år 2004. • Vanliga olyckor vid arbete på friland och i växthus var fall- och snedtrampolyckor. • Ca 18% av samtliga olycksfall inträffade på jordbruksföretag med skogsbruk. • De vanligaste olyckorna inom skogsbruksverksamheten inträffade vid motormanuell avverkning, gallringsarbete speciellt vid fällning (t.ex. träffad av fallande träd) och kvistning (t.ex. olyckshändelse med motorsåg). • Inom skogsvård inträffade flera olyckshändelser vid arbete med röjning. • Flest olycksfall inom området energi inträffade i samband med vedklyvning (t.ex. klämskador i vedklyven) och vedkapning (t.ex. avkapade fingrar). • Ca 8% av de studerade olycksfallen inträffade i annan näringsverksamhet än jordbruk, trädgårdsodling eller skogsbruk. • Flest olycksfall i annan näringsverksamhet inträffade i samband med hästverksamhet speciellt händelser som slag, spark o.d. från djur (t.ex. spark/trampning, avkastning från hästen). • Två tredjedelar av olycksfallen inträffade i Götaland (66%). • En tredjedel av olycksfallen inträffade på företag där arbetet till minst 90% utfördes ensam av brukaren. • Ca hälften av jordbruksföretagen som rapporterade olycksfall hade anställda. • 81% av olycksfallen inträffade på företag där jordbruket var huvudsyssla. • Inom jordbruksverksamheten var det brukaren som främst drabbades av olycksfall (61%), familjemedlem (32%) samt anställda (6%). • Vid 60% av olycksfallen söktes sjukvård. • Den genomsnittliga frånvaron från arbetet var 14 dagar beräknat på samtliga verksamma. För de som minst en dag avstod från arbete till följd av olycksfallet var den genomsnittliga frånvaron 32 dagar. • Endast 16% av skadorna ledde till sjukskrivning. • Den genomsnittliga sjukskrivningstiden beräknat på samtliga verksamma inom jord- och skogsbruket var 9 dagar. I de fall då man blev sjukskriven minst en dag var den genomsnittliga sjukskrivningstiden 56 dagar. • 84% av olycksfallen drabbade män. • Nästan hälften (46%) av de olycksdrabbade var över 55 år gamla. • Den drabbade inom jordbruksverksamheten hade i genomsnitt 29 års yrkeserfarenhet, 76 % hade minst 10 års yrkeserfarenhet. • Två tredjedelar av olycksfallen inom jordbruket inträffade utomhus. • Vanligaste skadehändelse var djurrelaterade olycksfall (djurspark mm) följt av fall- och fordonsolyckor. • Vanligaste områden vid skadetillfället var byggnader/inventarier (27%), följt av mjölkkor (24%), andra djur (20%) samt traktorkörning (5%). • De olycksdrabbade inom jordbruket sökte sjukvård först vid sjukhus (65%), följt av vårdcentral (19%), i 8% av fallen tillkallades ambulans. • Vanliga kroppsdelar som skadades vid olyckor inom jord- och skogsbruket var hand, handled, fingrar (23%), axel, arm (13%), höftled, ben och knä (14%), fot, fotled och tår (13%) samt huvud (10%). • Vanligaste skadetyp inom jord- och skogsbruk var kross- eller klämskada (33%), följt av stukning m.m. (18%), sårskada (16%) samt skelettskada (14%) • Endast 11% av skadorna inom jord- och skogsbruket har anmälts till Försäkringskassan
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39. |
- Sriskandarajah, Sridevy, et al.
(author)
-
High frequency shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in juvenile and adult tissues of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.)
- 2009
-
In: Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6857 .- 1573-5044. ; 99, s. 259–268-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is a multipurpose small tree with unique berries of high nutritional and pharmaceutical values. A clonally propagated plant originating from a 20-year-old tree of H. r. rhamno- ides 9 mongolica hybrid cultivar Julia and seedling offspring of this cultivar were investigated regarding induction of shoot organogenesis in leaf explants and in roots of intact seedlings, and induction of direct somatic embryogenesis in explants from shoot tissue. The highest percentage of leaf explants showing shoot organogenesis was achieved (juvenile explants, 65%; adult explants, 75%) when incubated in Mu- rashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with either 4.5 lM of the phenylurea cytokinin thidiazuron (TDZ) or 2.25 lM TDZ plus 2.2 lM 6-benzyladenine (BA), for juve- nile and adult explants, respectively, both supplemented with 0.53 lM a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Juvenile explants developed on average 18 shoots per explant in the MS med- ium supplemented with 4.5 lM TDZ, a four fold increase over those incubated on the medium supplemented with 2.25 lM TDZ and 2.2 lM BA. Adult leaf explants grown on medium containing 2.25 lM TDZ and 2.2 lM BA medium produced 12 shoots per explant, while those grown on med- ium containing 4.5 lM TDZ produced 5 shoots per explant. Shoot organogenesis was observed in roots of intact seedlings pre-cultured on plain medium lacking nutrients (PM) or woody plant medium (WPM) salts and then grown on WPM salts supplemented with 4.4 lM BA, 0.29 lM gibberrelic acid (GA3), and 57.0 lM indoleacetic acid (IAA). The number of shoots formed on each seedling root system was ten fold higher when the pre-culture was in WPM medium indi- cating a promoting effect of mineral nutrients in the pre-cul- ture medium. Somatic embryogenesis was induced in both juvenile and adult leaf explants in 65 and 78% of the explants, respectively, in MS-based medium supplemented with 2.0 lM N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N1-phenylurea (CPPU), 0.53 lM NAA and varying concentrations of BA. There was an interaction effect between MS salt strength and BA con- centration. The most effective medium for inducing somatic embryogenesis in juvenile explants contained half strength MS salts and 2.2 lM BA and full strength MS salts and 13.2 lM BA for adult explants
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40. |
- Svensson, Teresia, 1975-, et al.
(author)
-
Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments
- 2021
-
In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 28:7, s. 7691-7709
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chlorine (Cl) in the terrestrial environment is of interest from multiple perspectives, including the use of chloride as a tracer forwater flow and contaminant transport, organochlorine pollutants, Cl cycling, radioactive waste (radioecology; 36Cl is of largeconcern) and plant science (Cl as essential element for living plants).During the past decades, there has been a rapid developmenttowards improved understanding of the terrestrial Cl cycle. There is a ubiquitous and extensive natural chlorination of organicmatter in terrestrial ecosystems where naturally formed chlorinated organic compounds (Clorg) in soil frequently exceed theabundance of chloride. Chloride dominates import and export from terrestrial ecosystems while soil Clorg and biomass Cl candominate the standing stock Cl. This has important implications for Cl transport, as chloride will enter the Cl pools resulting inprolonged residence times. Clearly, these pools must be considered separately in future monitoring programs addressing Clcycling. Moreover, there are indications that (1) large amounts of Cl can accumulate in biomass, in some cases representing themain Cl pool; (2) emissions of volatile organic chlorines could be a significant export pathway of Cl and (3) that there is aproduction of Clorg in tissues of, e.g. plants and animals and that Cl can accumulate as, e.g. chlorinated fatty acids in organisms.Yet, data focusing on ecosystem perspectives and combined spatiotemporal variability regarding various Cl pools are still scarce,and the processes and ecological roles of the extensive biological Cl cycling are still poorly understood.
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41. |
- Svensson, Teresia, 1975-
(author)
-
Measurements and fluxes of volatile chlorinated organic compounds (VOCl) from natural terrestrial sources : Measurement techniques and spatio-temporal variability of flux estimates
- 2019
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and especially chlorinated VOCs (VOCls) are regarded as en viron mental risk substances in water bodies due to their toxic characteristics. Even in the atmosphere they highly impact atmospheric chemistry, e.g. degrading the ozone layer. Several studies have convincingly identified a number of natural VOCl sources thereby challenging the view of VOCls as only produced by humans. Yet, fundamental knowledge is still missing concerning the emission, distribution and the natural abundance of VOCls, especially regarding the high spatial and temporal variability of emissions from terrestrial sources. In the nuclear industry, Cl36 is a dosedominating radionuclide in some waste, and this adds to the need to better understand the processes, transport and fate of chlorine in the bio sphere. In this report 38 studies on VOCl flux measurement estimates were reviewed to summarize the current knowledge on spatiotemporal variations of different VOCls and various measurement tech niques.Chloromethane is the most studied VOCl compound and chloroform, the second most studied. A few other studies have estimated fluxes of additional VOCls such as tetrachloromethane (CCl4), methyl chloroform (CH3CCl3), tetrachloroethane (C2H2Cl4), freons (CFCs), chloroethane (C2H5Cl), bromodichloromethane (CHBrCl2). Studies were conducted in climates and terrestrial ecosystems ranging from arctic tundra to tropical rainforest but most studies focus on the temperate climate region. Wetlands and coastal systems dominate the studied ecosystems. Flux chambers are the most common method for investigation of the soilatmosphere exchange of VOCls, but a few studies used soil gas profiles and one the Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (REA) technique. Methodological uncertainties are mainly related to sample contamination, few replicates, chamber design, and chamber deployment (the time of measurement) effects on the soilatmosphere exchange itself. Despite the many challenges in measuring VOCls and estimating the fluxes, a substantial part of the chlorine in terrestrial ecosystems, and especially from wetlands and coastal areas, is emitted to the atmosphere as VOCls. In inland forested ecosystems, the release of Cl to the atmosphere could be as much as 0.1 g m–2, which is 40 % of the wet deposition and there are studies that suggest that freshwater wetlands are much larger source of chlorine in the atmosphere than previously understood.
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42. |
- Söderström, Mats
(author)
-
Modelling within-field variations in deoxynivalenol (DON) content in oats using proximal and remote sensing
- 2015
-
In: Precision Agriculture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1385-2256 .- 1573-1618. ; 16, s. 1-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within-field variations in the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in oat grain were investigated at two farms in south-west Sweden. At Sarestad farm (sampled 2012), where one of two fields studied was ploughed annually and the other was under no-till cultivation, the DON concentration varied between 28 and 1 755 ppb. The level was higher (270-5 000 ppb) at Entorp farm (sampled 2013). Within-field prediction models for DON were constructed using a data mining method (multi-variate adaptive regression splines) with satellite data, an ECa sensor and airborne laser scanning. At Sarestad, the no-till field had higher DON content, with the highest values in silty patches in the otherwise clayey soil. Sensor data related to soil and crop conditions had the potential to describe the DON variability within fields. The covariance between DON content and auxiliary data differed at Entorp farm, where high DON values (> 2 000 ppb) were found in clayey parts of the field. This pattern was attributed to poor drainage with recurring waterlogging. Within these clayey parts, the highest DON contents coincided with the highest biomass density. South-west Sweden received much less rainfall in 2013 than in 2012, which may have resulted in different DON patterns in relation to soil types. In 2012, more permeable silty soils apparently promoted growth, biomass production and DON production, whereas in 2013 a poorly drained clayey soil with high water-holding capacity favoured development of high DON concentrations.
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43. |
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44. |
- Åkerström, Andreas, et al.
(author)
-
Effects of Sampling Time and Nitrogen Fertilization on Anthocyanidin Levels in Vaccinium myrtillus Fruits
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 57, s. 3340-3345
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vaccinium myrtillus berries (bilberries) contain antioxidants, in particular anthocyanins, which are secondary metabolites that have proven health-promoting effects. Bilberries were collected at the Svartberget research forest in northern Sweden from plots with no, low, and high applications of NH(4)NO(3) on three replicated dates in each year from 2005-2007, and their anthocyanidin contents were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Their mean total anthocyanidin contents Were 9.0, 6.2, and 22.7 mg/g DW in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. The values were significantly higher in 2005 than in 2006 and significantly higher in 2007 than in both previous years, across all three sampling dates. In addition, anthocyanidin contents were significantly affected by sampling date in all years (P < 0.001); they were linearly correlated with the thermal sum in 2005 and 2007 but rose between the first and second sampling occasions and subsequently declined in 2006. No significant effect of nitrogen fertilization on total anthocyanidin levels was detected in any of the studied years. The results indicate that climatic factors and yearly fluctuations influence anthocyanidin biosynthesis and degradation more strongly than nitrogen availability. To our knowledge, this is the first time this effect of sampling time on anthocyanins in mature bilberries has been shown.
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45. |
- Burri, Stina C.M., et al.
(author)
-
Antioxidant capacity and major phenol compounds of horticultural plant materials not usually used
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Functional Foods. - : Elsevier BV. - 1756-4646. ; 38, s. 119-127
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Horticultural plant materials not usually used from onion, carrot, beetroot, sea buckthorn, black and red currants as well as a wastewater powder from olive oil production were analyzed for total phenols content (FC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), radical scavenging capacity (ABTS), and for major phenolic compounds by HPLC-MS. Antioxidant capacity and phenol content varied significantly between species and cultivars, with extracts of sea buckthorn leaves being superior. In different species, different phenolic compounds were closely associated with FRAP, ABTS and FC. For instance, hydrolysable tannins were major antioxidants in sea buckthorn whereas quercetin was the major antioxidant in onion peel and skin. This study shows that horticultural plant materials usually left in the field or waste materials from processing may have high antioxidant properties, and that extracts of these materials therefore could be of potential interest for development of antioxidant food additives.
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46. |
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47. |
- Ekelund Axelson, Lena, et al.
(author)
-
Klimatmärkt livsmedelsbutik : så kan handeln bidra till minskad klimatpåverkan genom att underlätta konsumentens val
- 2015
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Klimathotet påkallar stora förändringar i konsumtionsmönster och kostvanor. Projektet Klimatmärkt livsmedelsbutik har haft som syfte att utreda hur handeln kan bidra till minskad klimatpåverkan genom att underlätta konsumentens val. Förutom klimatpåverkan orsakar livsmedelsproduktionen också annan miljöpåverkan, såsom övergödning, spridning av bekämpningsmedel och förlust av biologisk mångfald. Att bara fokusera på klimatet riskerar förbättring på ett ställe och försämring på ett annat. Därför beslutades tidigt att projektet även måste belysa dessa potentiella målkonflikter. Två delområden har ingått; miljökonsekvensanalyser samt konsumentbeteende och marknadskommunikation, vilket har krävt en tvärvetenskaplig ansats och olika forskningsmetoder. Projektet tog sin början i miljökonsekvensanalyser av olika livsmedels miljöpåverkan med hjälp av livscykelanalys, vars resultat sedan utgjorde informationsunderlag, bl.a en Köttguide, för kommunikationen till konsument. Inom konsumentbeteende och marknadskommunikation har såväl kvalitativ som kvantitativ metod använts. För att få en bild över vad som kommuniceras i butik genomfördes intervjuer med butiksansvariga och en observationsstudie i 30 större europeiska butiker. Enkätundersökningar gjordes med 184 resp. 470 konsumenter. Köttguiden testades i fokusgruppintervjuer. Kvantitativa studier gjordes med 222 slumpvis utvalda personer för att utreda hur intentionen att ändra sin köttkonsumtion kan förutsägas och med drygt 600 konsumenter i ett butiksexperiment för att studera effekten av naturljud på konsumenters betalningsvilja för klimatvänliga respektive ekologiska grönsaker. Resultat från konsumentstudierna visade på viss förvirring kring märkning och på behovet av ett enklare signalsystem. De vanligaste svaren kring vilka klimatåtgärder som är viktigast var att köpa närproducerad mat, köpa frukt och grönt efter säsong och undvika att slänga mat, medan den viktiga frågan om köttet hamnade längre ner på listan. Livscykelanalyser, kompletterade med litteraturstudier, visar att säsongsmässig konsumtion av grönsaker visserligen kan minska utsläppen, men att den minskningen är liten i förhållande till den av minskad köttkonsumtionen. Den viktigaste åtgärden för att reducera matens klimatpåverkan är att minska konsumtionen av animaliska produkter och helst ersätta dessa med vegetabiliska alternativ. Butiksobservationerna och intervjuer med butiksansvariga visade att det i stort sett saknades vägledning i butikerna. Studierna underströk behovet av Köttguiden, en vägledning som rangordnar olika proteinkällor (även vegetabiliska) i förhållande till klimat, biologisk mångfald, kemiska bekämpningsmedel samt djurskydd och bete, med hjälp av ett tydligt signalsystem (trafikljus). Matinköp och val av livsmedel styrs i stor utsträckning av preferenser och vanor, som kan vara svåra att förändra. För att övertyga konsumenter om att förändra sitt beteende måste man kommunicera budskap som bidrar till ökad motivation till förändring.. Med hjälp av Protection Motivation- teorin undersöktes vilka faktorer som förutsäger individers avsikter att ändra sitt beteende, efter att de blivit fakta kring klimathotet och matens klimatpåverkan har presenterats för dem. Studien visade att budskap i syfte att uppmuntra en mindre klimatbelastande livsmedelskonsumtion, måste vara sådana att konsumenterna känner att en sådan förändring är möjlig och att den får effekt. Resultaten tyder också på att människor bryr sig mer om klimatförändringarnas risker för andra - för personer i andra länder eller för djurlivet – än för dem själva eller deras närstående. En slutsats blir då att altruistiska snarare än egoistiska argument bör lyftas fram i marknadsföringen. I ett butiksexperiment användes skyltning och naturljud – fågelsång-, för att testa om detta gav en koppling till naturen och därmed ökade viljan att köpa produkter, i detta fall morötter, märkta ”klimatvänliga”. Fågelsången hade ingen inverkan på konsumenternas koppling till naturen. Men bland de konsumenter som uttryckte en hög samhörighet med naturen, fanns det en högre betalningsvilja för klimatmärkta produkter än för produkter utan märkning, jämfört med de konsumenter som uttryckte en låg samhörighet med naturen. När konsumenterna, i ett butiksexperiment med mjölk, erbjöds information om en varas lägre klimatpåverkan på ett enkelt sätt precis vid köptillfället ökade försäljningen av den varan, men samtidigt minskade försäljningen av andra miljömärkta varor. Klimatbudskapen är komplicerade och konsumenten har oklara uppfattningar om hur maten påverkar klimatet. Budskapen och valen i butik måste vara enkla: Att fokusera på det som konsumenten tror sig klara av och som de tror kan få effekt, är viktigt. Köttguiden har rönt stor uppmärksamhet och testats med positivt resultat som ett hjälpmedel för klimatsmarta matval. Rekommendationerna till handeln kan sammanfattas: Gör det enkelt att välja och laga vegetariskt, använd Köttguiden bland personalen, se över köttsortimentet, öka försäljningen av baljväxter, rotfrukter, frukt och grönsaker och använd ekologiskt, säsong och hälsa som indirekta klimatbudskap.
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48. |
- Fernqvist, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
-
Potatisens framtid en studie om konsumentens val : en studie om konsumentens val
- 2014
-
In: LTV-fakultetens faktablad.
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Potatis är en av våra viktigaste kolhydratkällor och har traditionellt en viktig position i den svenska kosthållningen. De senaste årtiondena har dock konsumtionsmönstret av kolhydratrika livsmedel förändrats drastiskt. Framförallt har konsumtionen av färsk matpotatis minskat till förmån för andra alternativ som bröd, pasta och ris och beredda potatisprodukter som pommes frites och chips. Mellan 1960 och 2010 har konsumtionen av färsk matpotatis minskat från 89 till 43 kg per person och år (Jordbruksverket, 2013). Trenden är likartad även i resten av Europa och Nordamerika. Hur skall förändringarna i konsumtionen förklaras? Anledningar som nämnts är bland annat att konsumenterna söker bekvämlighet och vill ha fler färdiga produkter i den stressade vardagen (Keijbets, 2008). De skulle också kunna bero på ett ökat intresse för hälsa och näringsintag, vilket kan påverka både i positiv och negativ riktning (Stubenitsky & Mela, 2000), eller på grund av alternativa dieter som stenålderskost, GI (Glycemic Index) och LCHF (Low Carb, High Fat). Vid SLU i Alnarp har ett flertal projekt de senaste åren handlat om konsumenters inställning till matpotatis. I ett faktablad från Tillväxt Trädgård (Spendrup, Andersson och Ekelund, 2011) har en mer genomgripande beskrivning getts över svensk produktion och konsumtion. Potatis är en viktig ekonomisk produkt och den inhemska marknaden är stor. Värdet av produktionen är omkring 1,5 miljarder kronor (LRF, 2010), medan självförsörjningsgraden ligger på 90 procent (SJV, 2010). Frågan om hur svensk matpotatis som produkt kan utvecklas och möta konkurrensen från alternativen är därför högst aktuell och viktig att besvara för branschens långsiktiga konkurrenskraft.
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49. |
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50. |
- Iwarsson, Mattias
(author)
-
'Norby' – en ny svarta vinbärssort
- 2011
-
In: Hemträdgården. - 0018-0343. ; , s. 21-22
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- This article describes a new variety of Black Currant called Ribes nigrum ‘Norby’. It was found 30 years ago in the quarter of Uppsala called Norby. It was found on a waste place in the Town forest (Stadsskogen) and is probably an old variety more than 60 years old or a new variety raised from seeds. The new variety is called ‘Norby’ from the original locality. It is an upright growing shrub, which is resistant to gall mites and it is also well resistant to mildew. A herbarium specimen, Iwarsson 2011, of the new variety will be deposited in (UPS), Museum of Evolution, Botany at Uppsala University
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