| 1. |
- Mårtensson, Lena, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Patients with fibromyalgia and their conception of health after an intervention programme
- 1995
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 2, s. 113-120
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fibromyalgia is a well-known syndrome interpreted as general muscular pain in the whole body and as pressure soreness in the so-called tender points. The cause of the syndrome is not yet clear and it has therefore been difficult to find proper treatment. The aim of this study was to describe how patients with fibromyalgia conceived their health after having taken part in an intervention programme based on ego-strengthening psychotherapy and the salutogenetic model. The intervention was performed by an occupational therapist and a physiotherapist. In this study, 10 patients were interviewed and data were analysed by the phenomenographic method. Four different catagories of health conceptions became evident as a result of the intervention; receiving confirmation, creating distance to things, gaining insight, and gaining control. The results showed that the patients had increased their sense of meaningfulness, comprehensibility and manageability of the pain syndrome, which led to improved health. Due to the fact that this kind of intervention requires comparatively small resources in terms of staff and financial expenditure it is suitable in small clinics, e.g. health care centres. Further research should be aimed at finding out whether this intervention also suits patients with other diagnoses or whether treatment in larger groups might produce equally favourable results. © 1995 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.
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| 2. |
- Jacobson, Inger, et al.
(author)
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Hur ser en damfotbollspelare ut?
- 1999
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In: Svensk idrottsmedicinsk förenings vårmöte. - : Svensk idrottsmedicinsk förening.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
- Westgren, N, et al.
(author)
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Motherhood after traumatic spinal cord injury.
- 1994
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In: Paraplegia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-1758. ; 32:8, s. 517-523
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study includes all women with a traumatic spinal cord injury in Sweden who became pregnant and delivered live infants during 1980-1991. This group comprises six tetraplegic and 20 paraplegic patients, all confined to a wheelchair. During the above mentioned period the patients had delivered a total of 47 children. The study evaluated parental ability and quality of family life as regards interpersonal relationships, family relationships, social integration, recreational interests and demand for external assistance. An individual standardised interview was performed with all patients. In addition a standardised questionnaire was sent to all spouses (n = 20) and to all children above 10 years of age (n = 10). All 26 patients participated, 18 spouses completed and returned the questionnaires and all children took part in the study. We found an overall favourable outcome as regards the parameters evaluated. The families seem to live a rich and complete family life with very little demand for external help. They report a well functioning social network and seem socially integrated both as individuals and as families. To conclude, the study indicates that there is no reason to question females with an SCI in their roles as parents. The spinal cord injury per se, in females, thus does not preclude the possibility of having a family and caring for children adequately.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Björklund, Anita
(author)
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Berättelsen om "den obente" soldaten.
- 1998
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In: Arbetsterapeuten. - 0345-0988. ; :13, s. 14-18
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Ett försök att reda ut begreppen med anknytning till ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv.
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| 8. |
- Björklund, Anita
(author)
-
Focus on Occupational Therapists' Paradigms
- 1999
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 13:3, s. 165-170
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study has an explorative design with its starting point in Törnebohm´s theory of paradigms. The primary aim of the study was to identify and characterize seven experienced occupational therapists´ perceptions of their profession, especially regarding world view and field of action view. The secondary aim was to find out if there were similarities among the respondents´ personal paradigms that could constitute a potential, local ideology for the group. Qualitative data were collected using audio- and video-taped, thematic discussions which involved focus groups on three occasions during the autumn of 1996. Within the two paradigm components world view and field of action view the data were analysed qualitatively. The results show several unifying factors and dissimilarities were limited to specifications within the unifying factors, with regard to the respondents´ notions. The unifying factors could be described as a potential, local ideology for the group.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Björklund, Anita, et al.
(author)
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What Occupational Therapists Consider to be Worth Knowing : An Analysis of Swedish Occupational Therapists' Examination Papers 1984-96.
- 1999
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 6:3, s. 127-133
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine and characterize an aggregation of experienced occupational therapists´ exam papers with regard to the occupational therapists´ research interests, concerning especially ontological and strategical matters, during the time period 1984-1996. The title pages, summaries and results discussions of 84 papers were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively with the starting point in two of the components from Törnebohm´s structure of paradigms: the world view- and the field of action view-component. The occupational therapists´ interest in research subjects related to the field of action view component of paradigms, and applied research on strategical matters, dominates throughout the material. The interest in research subjects related to the world view component of paradigms, and basic research on ontological matters, increases in the last five year period. The increasing interest in more ontological matters seems as a natural and necessary progress for a profession which is deeply involved in knowledge aquired by experience. Only by the development of a “double-edged” knowledge, the profession has the possibility of developing and adapting to future demands.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Effects from systematic clinical supervision on psychiatric nurses' sense of coherence, creativity, work related strain and job satisfaction : a pre-post design
- 1999
-
In: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. - 1351-0126 .- 1365-2850. ; 6:5, s. 371-381
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are few investigations of the type and the outcome of interventions aimed at supporting nurses caring for psychiatric patients. Therefore a prepost–test design study was used in which 22 psychiatric nurses, on a general psychiatric ward were examined before, during and after one year of systematic clinical supervision combined with supervised documented, planned, individualized care. The methods used were the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC), the Creative Climate Questionnaire (CCQ), the Work-Related Strain Inventory and 34 statements from the Satisfaction with Nursing Care and Work Questionnaire (SNCW). In addition 14 statements were developed to evaluate the nurses' view of the effects from clinical supervision. The baseline values for the CCQ indicated a stagnant organization and a high score in the conflict dimension indicated personal and emotional tensions within the organization. The intervention led to a significantly increased creative and innovative climate in the dimensions for trust, idea time and reduced conflicts. However, the organizational climate remained stagnant. The nurses' view of the effects from clinical supervision also increased significantly. There were no significant changes in the nurses' SNCW, WRSI or SOC score. The result of the correlation analysis indicated that a strong sense of coherence was related to low work-related strain but not to unsatisfactory working conditions/milieu. The results gave some support to the idea that systematic clinical supervision and supervised nursing care plans constitute one type of support strategy that improves creativity and the organizational climate. It may, not, however, buffer for interpersonal problems. Further research is required to explore the need for and effects of various support systems depending on the circumstances in the organization.
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| 16. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Nurses' creativity, tedium and burnout during 1 year of clinical supervision and implementation of individually planned nursing care : comparisons between a ward for severely demented patients and a similar control ward
- 1994
-
In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 20:4, s. 742-749
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to study creativity and innovative climate, tedium and burnout among the nurses on two wards during 1 year of systematic clinic supervision combined with the implementation of individualized care on an experimental ward (EW) for severely demented patients, as compared with a similar control ward (CW) EW nurses had systematic clinic supervision and each patient had his/her nursing care carefully planned, documented and evaluated The intervention was evaluated by means of the Creative Climate Questionnaire, Burnout Measure and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Creativity and innovative climate improved significantly among the EW nurses (n= 19) in eight out of 10 factors during the year of intervention while there was no change on the control ward (n= 20) Tedium and burnout decreased significantly among the EW nurses while no change was seen in this respect among the CW nurses It seems reasonable to assume that systematic clinical supervision and individualized planned care decreases the negative outcome of stress caused by the psychological burden imposed by nursing care It also increases nurses' creativity, which, in turn, may benefit patient care The findings of this study point to the necessity for a support system that focuses on the work itself, i e the nursing care Individualized planned care and systematic clinical supervision may offer this kind of support.
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| 17. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Nurses' reflections about dementia care, the patients, the care and themselves in their daily caregiving
- 1998
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In: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 35:5, s. 271-282
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study the aim was, through interviews, to disclose 13 nurses personal knowledge about the patients, themselves, and care provision, using a phenomenological-hermeneutic analysing method. Caring for people with severe dementia meant an intertwined life world emanating from making and doing together and the delicate interpretative work that the care provision required. The intertwined life world consisted of the interaction between the nurses and the patients separate lives, their common life and the environment, culminating in mutual dependency. Making together signifies the relationship being based on the nurses knowledge and skills as nurses i.e. the task they had to perform. Doing together signifies the relationship being based on the oneness of the nurses and the patients with severe dementia as ordinary human beings. The delicate interpretation process required, to adapt care to the individual patient, was based on knowledge about the patients personality, life history and disease progression in combination with the nurses interpretation of the current situation. The nurses searched for meaning and that, in turn, meant that the patients inner world was determined by the nurses and thus the patient was seen as being in their hands. It seems important to further understand the human aspects of both the nurse and the patient and to examine this dynamic, ongoing, vulnerable interpretation process, critically, in order to achieve high quality nursing care for the patients with severe dementia, and an experience of well-being in nurses everyday working lives.
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| 18. |
- Björklund, Margereth, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour and health promotion activities : a critical incident analysis
- 1999
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In: European Journal of Cancer Care. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 8:4, s. 204-212
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with head and neck cancer report several disease- and health-related problems before, during and a long time after completed treatment. Nurses have an important role in educating/supporting these patients about/through the disease and treatment so that they can attain well-being. This study describes the cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour in terms of critical incidents after nurses had given them care to promote health. The study had a qualitative, descriptive design and the method used was the critical incident technique. Twenty-one informants from the Nordic countries diagnosed with head and neck cancer were strategically selected. It was explained to the informants what a critical incident implies before the interviews took place; this was defined as a major event of great importance, an incident, which the informants still remember, due to its great importance for the outcome of their health and well-being. The nurses' behaviour was examined, and critical incidents were involved in 208 cases-150 positive and 58 negative ones-the number of incidents varying between three and 20 per informant. The nurses' health promotion activities or lack of such activities based on the patients' disease, treatment and symptoms, consisted of informing and instructing the patients as well as enabling their participation. Personal consideration and the nurses' cognisance, knowledge, competence, solicitude, demeanour and statements of understanding were found to be important. Continuous health promotion nursing interventions were of considerable value for the majority of this group of cancer patients. Oncology nurses could reconfirm and update the care of head and neck cancer patients by including health promotion activities in individual care plans. By more frequent use of health promotion models, such as the empowerment model, the nurses could identify and focus on those individuals who needed to alter their life-style as well as tailor their approach towards these patient by setting goals for well-being and a healthy life-style.
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| 19. |
- Blomqvist, Kerstin, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Pain in older adults living in sheltered accommodation : agreement between assessments by older adults and staff
- 1999
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 8:2, s. 159-169
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aimed to investigate the presence of pain, pain duration, localization(s), intensity, type and pharmacological treatment among older adults living in sheltered accommodation or receiving rehabilitation, as well as the agreement between pain assessments performed by staff and the older adults. Twenty-nine randomly selected older adults (65+ years) and the staff who looked after them participated in a structured interview based on standardized measures for pain assessment and physical, intellectual and communicative functions. Pain was found to be common, with a majority of participants experiencing it every day or all of the time. Nine out of 22 of the older adults in pain had no pain relief drugs at all. Agreement between assessments by the older adults and the staff was no higher than moderate and in general pain levels were underestimated. The findings indicate that older adults were at risk of undetected and untreated pain and the risk was even higher for those with speech difficulties. The provision of good nursing care for older adults in sheltered accommodation requires systematic routines for frequent pain assessments.
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| 20. |
- Carlsson, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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The oldest old : patterns of adjustment and life experiences
- 1991
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 5:4, s. 203-210
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A qualitative method was used to study the life experiences and the adjustment to very old age of a non-institutionalized population of 129 85-year-olds living in Gothenburg, Sweden. In-depth interviews were analyzed and categorized and seven patterns of adjustment emerged: Self-Realizing, Mature Aging, Adapting, Dependent, Resignedly Accepting, Despairing and Withdrawing. Additionally, a coping strategy—ritualization of time and occupations—was revealed in the interviews. These results reflect the heterogeneity among this age group and indicate that the subjective reality should be seriously considered both in further research and in the care of the elderly.
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| 21. |
- Carlsson, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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The oldest old : patterns of adjustment and dependence
- 1991
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 5:2, s. 93-100
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate how dependence was experienced by 129 non-institutionalized 85-year-old persons, who previously had been categorized into seven different patterns of adjustment. The participants' subjective experiences of dependence were expressed in in-depth interviews and additionally, mobility, self-maintenance and need of help in daily living was conventionally assessed. When the results from these two methods were compared, it was found that subjectively experienced dependence did not generally correspond with the scorings on dependence. The in-depth interviews revealed that subjects with poorer adjustment could be most affected by minor impairments, while physical impairments were of a subordinate importance to those who were better adjusted. For appropriate caring interventions, it is therefore suggested that conventionally assessed dependence needs to be supplemented with documented subjective experiences of dependence.
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| 22. |
- Hallberg R., Ingalill, et al.
(author)
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The parallel process in clinical supervision with a schizophrenic client
- 1994
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In: Perspectives in psychiatric care. - 0031-5990 .- 1744-6163. ; 30:2, s. 26-32
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The authors analyze a male nurse's account of how he experienced his interaction with a female schizophrenic client during sessions of systematic clinical supervision. Notes taken during 15 sessions were analyzed by means of open coding. The analysis revealed the importance of being aware of the parallel process that occurs among the client, the primary nurse, and the unit staff.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Jakobsson, Liselotte, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of daily life and life quality in men with prostate cancer : an explorative study. Part I
- 1997
-
In: European Journal of Cancer Care. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 6:2, s. 108-116
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eleven men with prostate cancer were randomly chosen and interviewed during an in-patient period at a southern Swedish hospital. The interview focused on functional health status in relation to daily life and life quality. In addition the sense of coherence scale was used, as well as the European Organization or Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ C-30 questionnaire. The interview findings were analysed from a phenomenological-hermeneutic perspective and interpreted within the concept of transition. The entry to transition was marked by the men when experiencing an altered life continuum in terms of physical and existential fatigue, pain, micturition problems and an altered sex life. The passage phase was marked by descriptions of a new lifestyle where hope was a central internal resource, creating a positive illusion of life in order to endure. Their external resources were wives and family who supported physically (household matters, gardening) and psychologically (comfort, encouragement). The exit phase meant continuously adapting to a new life style, living with a slowly deteriorating functional health status, a new sense of dependency on others, daily life routine broken by in-patient hospital periods and contacts with primary health care. Thus the findings pointed more at continously facing new passages than a stable exit, i.e. an ongoing transition. The areas of life imbalance described may serve as a basis for care assessment and intervention as well as supplying support of the transitional process.
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| 25. |
- Jakobsson, Liselotte, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Met and unmet nursing care needs in men with prostate cancer : an explorative study. Part II
- 1997
-
In: European Journal of Cancer Care. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 6:2, s. 117-123
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Men with prostate cancer (n = 11) were interviewed during an in-patient period at a urological clinic, about their experiences of met and unmet needs from health professionals. Their perception of quality of life and sense of coherence were also assessed. The findings were analysed from a phenemenological-hermeneutic perspective and interpreted within the concept of transition. It was interpreted that objective functional health needs were mostly met by health professionals and subjective existential needs were mostly not met. The analysis revealed patients as passive or active receivers of care. Passive receivers were explicitly and implicitly stating unmet needs, or explicitly stating satisfaction with nursing care at the same time as implicitly contradicting, referring to their needs as bagatelles, unimportant, whereas active receivers talked about their needs explicitly with the staff and did not state implicit unmet needs. This suggests that nurses need to be aware of and have sensitive ears to undertones in statements and actively seek for patients' needs. The most important nursing care areas seemed to be to provide solutions to physical problems together with staff support including information, and acting to increase confidence in staff and staff availability. This encourages patient, wives and families, in cooperation, towards a healthy exit of transition.
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| 26. |
- Jakobsson, Liselotte, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Patient satisfaction with nursing care : evaluation before and after expenditure cutback and intervention at a surgical clinic
- 1994
-
In: International Journal for Quality in Health Care. - 1353-4505 .- 1464-3677. ; 6:4, s. 361-369
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- After a major cutback in the budget and staffing of a surgical clinic in southern Sweden there was intervention to improve the quality of nursing care and to evaluate the outcome. The intervention consisted of the implementation of: (1) nursing care organized in such a way that it would secure continuity of the nurse—patient relationship, (2) individually planned care by means of diagnostic reasoning, and (3) quality assurance for aspects believed to be connected with quality of care. Patient satisfaction before and after the intervention was assessed by means of a patient questionnaire survey (May 1991; n = 105 and May 1992; n = 137). Patient satisfaction improved significantly in variables related to nursing care viz. overall satisfaction and satisfaction with information and decision making; satisfaction with contact and staff-patient relationship; ward facilities and physical treatment or examinations; and satisfaction with physical nursing care. The results were interpreted to mean that the intervention may have counteracted any negative impact the reduced budget might have had such as the higher patient turn-over and the shorter in-patient periods, and thus seemed to have improved the quality of the nursing care in terms of patient satisfaction.
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| 27. |
- Månsson, J., et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of an educational programme for the early detection of cancer
- 1999
-
In: Patient Education and Counseling. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 37:3, s. 231-242
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Avoiding patient's and doctor's delay is important for the detection of cancer. In order to study the possibilities for shortening the delay, without causing anxiety, an educational programme for early detection of cancer (EPEDC) was worked out, aimed to be evaluated at the community level. A community with 77 100 inhabitants, was informed about cancer symptoms in a letter. Participants who observed the cancer symptoms, described in the letter, were invited to visit the health centres, where they were interviewed and examined according to a specially designed schedule. Guidelines for taking care of these participants were also worked out. Fifteen previously unknown cancers were detected. By means of a telephone interview and a questionnaire the reactions to the EPEDC were studied. The results indicate that it is possible to inform and educate the population about cancer symptoms without causing anxiety on condition that there is an organisation which can be contacted without delay by subjects with potential cancer symptoms. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Acute leukaemia and malignant lymphoma patients' experiences of disease, treatment and nursing care during the active treatment phase : an explorative study
- 1995
-
In: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : John Wiley & Sons Inc.. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 4:3, s. 133-142
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Five acute leukaemia or high malignant lymphoma patients at a hospital in southern Sweden were interviewed about their daily living problems, their coping strategies and their opinions about the nursing care they received during the active phase of their treatment. In addition the EORTC QLQ-C30, the Global Life Quality and the Sense of Coherence scales were administered. The data were analysed from a hermeneutic phenomenological perspective and interpreted to indicate that the patients sensed a threat to their lives, loss of control and having to live in uncertainty stemming from the disease and the treatment. They had problems with such things as fatigue, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, sore mouth, and high temperature. However they seemed to minimise the importance of these problems and instead focused on gaining control of the situation, developing their knowledge of the disease and relying on the support of their family. Contradictions appeared in their statements about the quality of care; the information given was said to be good but difficult to understand, though the quality of the nursing care was judged to be high it had to be asked for i.e. help was received on request. In conclusion the entire situation of the patients perspective of both from the family and the nurses, needs to be studied in further research in order to fully understand the patients´ coping strategies and how nursing care can support them.
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| 30. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-
(author)
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Att vara anhörig till den som drabbas av akut leukemi
- 1997
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Syftet med studien var att beskriva den anhöriges syn på sin egen situation i samband med att deras partner drabbats av AL eller HML, genom behandlingen och efter det att sjukdomen gått i remission. Syftet var vidare att undersöka hur den anhöriges egna behov möttes och deras upplevelse av sjukvården.
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| 31. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-
(author)
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Life stories narrated by people who have had acute leukemia or highly malignant lymphoma
- 1999
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eighteen former patients in remission after acute leukemia or highly malignant lymphoma were interviewed about their daily life experiences prior to the diagnosis, during treatment and in their current life. The transcribed texts were analyzed from a phenomenological-hermeneutic perspective, expanded by their medical and social history as related in interviews. Living through the disease and treatment meant having been through a severe traumatic crisis that implied an overwhelming threat to their lives physically and existentially. The analysis revealed three groups, according to their evaluation of the entire experiences; Believed in life, fought for it and came through with increased strength; Life goes on, adapted to it and found a balance in existence; Life was over, felt out of control and lost the belief in life. The two first groups ascribed meaning to the experience they had been through, and evaluated it as something inevitable part of life. The third group was not through the crisis and evaluated their situation with bitterness. Their situation had similarities with post-traumatic stress syndromes. This shows the importance of offering long-term help in crisis management.
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| 32. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-, et al.
(author)
-
Nurse turnover with special reference to factors relating to nursing itself
- 1993
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 7:1, s. 29-36
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nurse turnover may decrease the quality of nursing care due to the loss of knowledge. It also results in high costs for the employer. Hence, the factors contributing to nurse turnover, if correctly understood, are important in order to know how to reduce it. This study aimed at exploring what contributing factors nurses who had decided to leave referred to concerning their decision to resign. A questionnaire was posted to all nurses who had left within one county council and 142 nurses responded. The most important factors behind the decision to leave turned out to be the following: difficult to implement changes, lack of influence and recognition, to much weekend and evening duty as well as the psychological burden inherent in nursing. The importance of the first three factors became significantly more important when those who remained in the geographical area were compared with those who moved or started to study. The findings support the idea that job satisfaction indirectly influences nurses turnover. However, it also points to the fact that what increases job satisfaction in nursing may need further research. Psychological burden for instance has not been taken into consideration before. In order to increase job satisfaction, thereby reducing nurse turnover, influence and recognition, lessening of the psychological burden and individually planned work schedules seem to be the most important factors.
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| 33. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-, et al.
(author)
-
Spouses' view during their partners' illness and treatment
- 1998
-
In: Cancer Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0162-220X .- 1538-9804. ; 21:2, s. 97-105
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nine spouses of people who had suffered from acute leukaemia or highly malignant lymphoma were interviewed about their experiences of everyday life throughout their partner’s illness and treatment, and their view of the professional care provided. The transcribed texts were subjected to phenomenological-hermeneutic analysis. The spouses felt they were in a situation of overall severe crisis i.e. experiencing feelings of distress, restrictions and limited or lack of support. The analysis revealed three family types: the couple acting as a unit, the couple acting independently on equal terms, and the couple acting separately with the spouse in a subordinate position. The spouses´ evaluation of the entire experience varied according to the family type and the spouses´ personal resources, which influenced the availability and utilization of their social network and the support of health care staff. Contentment was related to the couple acting as a unit or the couple acting independently on equal terms and taking control over the situation, actively asking for support and requiring the staff to meet their needs. Discontentment was related to subordination of the spouse to the partner or to health care staff, and failure to obtain support within the couple or from others. Empowering the spouses may mean helping them develop their skills, providing opportunities and authority and gaining access to resources based on knowledge of the family type, the consent of the partner and the spouses´ freedom to make choices. This may well lead to increased efficiency and have positive effects for the patients, the spouses and for them both as a couple.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-, et al.
(author)
-
Survivors of acute leukaemia and highly malignant lymphoma : retrospective views of daily life problems during treatment and when in remission
- 1997
-
In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 25:1, s. 68-78
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fifty-four former patients, in remission after acute leukaemia or highly malignant lymphoma, responded to a questionnaire covering physical problems, view of help received, who was most helpful during the treatment phase, and the impact of the disease and treatment on their current life. Energy loss and nutritional problems were most troublesome during the treatment phase, signifying many other physical problems. Patients with acute leukaemia had more problems, and thought the care was worse than did patients with highly malignant lymphoma. Serious physical problems correlated with low satisfaction with practical help received, indicating that the nurses failed to meet the needs of those suffering the most. Reduced psychological and sexual energy persisted in remission, showed no correlation with the extent of physical problems during the treatment phase, but correlated with current existential problems and sensitivity to infections, with a great need for intimate help and counselling and with a low Sense of Coherence. Family relationships were said to have improved, while work and finances were negatively affected. The results indicate that nursing care should actively focus physical problems, especially the energy loss and nutritional problems. The overwhelming fatigue hinders the patient to take care of physical aspects for her/him self, and may be overlooked by nurses since their motor capability seem intact. The long term effect of the illness means reduced psychological and sexual energy and high degree of existential problems and sensitivity to infections, which indicates the importance of follow-up care and perhaps especially for counselling for the long-term reactions with disturbed equilibrium.
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| 36. |
- Persson, Lena, 1951-
(author)
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Survivors of acute leukaemia and highly malignant lymphoma- retrospective views of daily life problems during treatment and remission.
- 1996
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate retrospectively the experience of the treatment and nursing care provided to AL and HML patients in remission, and how the disease and treatment affected their current life. A further purpose was to investigate the relationship between the patients´ previous experiences of the nursing care and their current situation. This study showed that energy loss and nutritional problems predominate during the treatment phase. They should perhaps be the central focus for nurses in the care of AL and HML patients, because the extent of these problems also indicated the presence of other physical problems. The overwhelming fatigue hinders the patient from doing things and from physically taking care of her/himself, and may be overlooked by the nurses since the patients motor capability may seem intact. Regular systematic assessment and properly adapted nursing care may lead to early detection and nursing intervention. This, may in turn decrease the emotional strain of having a life-threatening disease. When in remission, data indicated reduced psychological and sexual energy, existential problems along with sensitivity to infections, which implies the need for systematic follow-up care, including counselling. The much reduced psychological and sexual energy and the serious existential problems together with sensitivity to infections may lead to a persistent crisis reaction. It makes sense to establish strategies for identifying and treating this syndrome within a context of comprehensive follow-up care including prior emotional adjustment, the presence of environmental support and the offer of planned counselling.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lennernäs, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Food-based classification of eating episodes (FBCE)
- 1999
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In: Appetite. - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6663 .- 1095-8304. ; 32:1, s. 53-65
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The concept for categorization of eating episodes in dietary surveys was originally developed in studies of shift workers to compare 'meal patterns' between night and day work shifts. The concept has been further improved through experience from applications in dietary surveys in other populations. In this paper, results from categorization of eating episodes in shift workers, elderly women and men during life transition periods, elderly female leg ulcer patients and obese men and their lean controls are shown and discussed. The categorization concept is based on seven food categories with food items of similar nutrient characteristics within each category. Each eating event is categorized as any of four types of 'meals' or four types of 'snacks' due to its combination of food categories. Thus, categorization is based on visible properties (food types) but at the same time reflecting invisible properties (nutrients). Criteria is also established to sub-categorize the 'meal' types as being either 'prepared' or 'quick-prepared' from a behavioural perspective. Use of a defined and reliable concept for categorization is necessary to study eating episodes in dietary surveys, their determinants and also consequences on health and performance. Nocturnal eating during the circadian nadir might affect nutritional status. Since increasingly western populations appear to be moving from regular and planned meals to more episodic eating 'around the clock', such analyses are of increasing interest in a bio-social perspective.
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| 40. |
- Sidenvall, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Elderly patients' meal patterns : A retrospective study
- 1996
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In: Journal of human nutrition and dietetics (Print). - 0952-3871 .- 1365-277X. ; 9:4, s. 263-272
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine possible causes of malnutrition in geriatric patients on admission to hospital by evaluation and comparison of their meal pattern between periods of working, retirement and hospitalization, respectively. Forty-five consecutive patients aged 60 years or older participated. By use of modified dietary history interviews, a retrospective assessment of food intake was carried out. A qualitative system for meal classification was then applied. In the retirement period there was a strong reduction in daily eating frequency when compared to working and hospital periods. Thus, the daily intake and also distribution of energy and nutrients seem to be reduced during retirement, which might lead to nutritional deficiency.
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| 41. |
- van der Ster Wallin, Gisela, et al.
(author)
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Food selection in anorectics and bulimics : Food items, nutrient content and nutrient density
- 1995
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In: Journal of the American College of Nutrition (Print). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0731-5724 .- 1541-1087. ; 14:3, s. 271-277
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The food selection and nutrient intake were investigated in women with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and controls. Methods Dietary data was obtained by 24-hour recall, and 7-day recording among eating disordered patients, and by 3-day registration among controls. Results: The intake of energy and nutrients differed from controls, as expected, while there were no differences between anorectics and bulimics in this respect, except for iron. There were only minor differences among the three groups studied with respect to nutrient density. Energy percentages of protein, fat, and carbohydrates, were similar in all groups, but a subdivision of the macronutrients into respective sources showed that bulimics had a lower relative and absolute intake of carbohydrates from bread and cereals than anorectics and controls. Conclusion: Eating disorder patients, despite their marginal food intake, still met the minimum requirement for most nutrients according to the Nordic Nutrient recommendations. Abbreviations: AN = anorexia nervosa, AN/BN = anorectic bulimics, BMI = body mass index, BN = bulimia nervosa, DSM-III-R = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ED = eating disorder, NNR = Nordic Nutrient Recommendation
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| 42. |
- Wiklund, Maria Lennernäs
(author)
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Dietary assessment and validity : To measure what is meant to measure
- 1998
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Næringsforskning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1102-6480 .- 1651-2359. ; 42:1, s. 63-65
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nutritional assessment is the interpretation of information obtained from dietary, biochemical, anthropometric and clinical studies. In individuals, qualitative or quantitative food consumption data may be collected by food frequency questionnaires or interviews (retrospective methods), by use of food records (prospective methods); weighed food record, estimated food record or menu record, or by observations. Nutrient values derived from food composition data or direct chemical analysis represent the maximum available to the body and not the amount actually absorbed and utilized. The design of the study is crucial and the methods for carrying it out are aimed at minimizing bias to improve internal and external validity. This paper will focus on factors of importance to improve the internal validity of dietary assessment studies; selection of method; data collection, assessment of nutrient intakes from food consumption data and evaluation of data.
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| 43. |
- Wissing, Ulla, et al.
(author)
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Nutritional intake and physical activity in leg ulcer patients
- 1997
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 25:3, s. 571-578
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the study was to describe the nutritional intake, meal patterns, physical activity and need for help in nine women living in their own homes and being treated for venous leg ulcers. Food habits were identified by use of interviews and food diaries completed by the women during a period of seven days. The intake of energy and nutrients from 304 eating events during seven days was calculated and meal patterns were evaluated using a qualitative system for meal classification. Physical activity and the degree of need were identified with the help of interviews. The intakes of energy and key nutrients for wound healing, such as protein, vitamin C and zinc, were not optimal according to the Swedish nutrition recommendations, although food habits were well organized. Most of the women had hardly any physical activities and the need of help and support varied, from daily visits to visits every second week.
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| 44. |
- Westgren, N, et al.
(author)
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Quality of life and traumatic spinal cord injury.
- 1998
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In: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : Elsevier. - 0003-9993 .- 1532-821X. ; 79:11, s. 1433-1439
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine associations between major outcome variables after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and quality of life (QL).SUBJECTS: Of a total population of 353 SCI patients, 320 participated, 261 men and 59 women living in the greater Stockholm area: 124 were tetraplegic, 176 were paraplegic, and 20 had no classified level. Mean age was 42 years (range, 17 to 78).METHOD: The Swedish SF-36 Health Survey was used to assess QL. The SF-36 is a self-administered questionnaire containing 36 items, divided into 8 multi-item dimensions, covering physical function, physical and emotional role function, social function, bodily pain, mental health, vitality and overall evaluation of health. Neurologic, general medical, and psychosocial variables were obtained from the Stockholm Spinal Cord Injury Study (SSCIS) data base. QL indices were analyzed for the SCI group as a whole, as well as for subgroups. Descriptors for subgroups were demographic variables, presence or absence of common medical problems, and subjective evaluation of the degree of impact of the medical problem on well-being/daily activities.RESULTS: QL in individuals with SCI was significantly lower in all subscales as compared with a normative population. No difference in QL was seen in subgroups according to extent of lesion, with the exception of physical functioning. Several medical complications such as neurogenic pain, spasticity, and neurogenic bladder and bowel problems were associated with lower QL scores.SUMMARY: QL, as defined by SF-36, is better in persons injured many years ago, as compared with those recently injured, suggesting an adaptive process operating over a long period. The presence of complicating medical problems, such as severe pain, problematic spasticity, and incontinence, seem to have more negative effects on QL than the extent of SCI as such.
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| 45. |
- Olsson, Ulf
(author)
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OM FRISKVÅRDSPEDAGOGIK I ARBETSLIVET. : EN O/RÄTTVIS BETRAKTELSE.
- 1993
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I fokus för detta arbete står friskvård inom arbetslivet som pedagogisk praktik med hälsoprofilsbedömning, en metod för undersökning och påverkan av människors hälsostatus och hälsovanor, som konkret exempel. En bakgrund till detta är framväxten av insatser för folkhälsa och den ökade betoning av friskvård inom arbetslivet som skett inom såväl privat som offentlig sektor. Friskvård handlar om människors levnadsvanor när det gäller kost, motion, stress, alkohol, tobak m.m.Hälsoprofilsbedömning och friskvårdspedagogik inom arbetslivet ses här ur två olika perspektiv. Ur det ena perspektivet behandlas verksamheten på dess egna villkor - som en metod att inom ramen för arbetslivet få till stånd ner hälsosamma livsstilar genom kontrakt mellan självständiga parter. Det andra perspektivet kan ses som kritiskt granskande. Här ifrågasätts premissema för hälsoprofilsbedömningen utifrån begrepp som makt och disciplinering. En inspirationskälla har därvid bland annat Michel Foucaults arbeten varit. Som empiriskt material för analysen används två avhandlingar som presenterar hälsoprofilbedömningen som metod.Ur dessa båda perspektiv erhålles två olika betraktelser om hälsoprofilsbedömning och friskvårdspedagogik inom arbetslivet - en rättvis och en orättvis. På basis av en kritisk pragmatisk ansats diskuteras möjligheten till ett samtal baserad på relationen mellan de båda betrakelserna.
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| 46. |
- Wendin, Karin, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Fat content and homogenization effects on flavour and texture of mayonnaise with added aroma
- 1999
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In: Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + Technologie. - 0023-6438 .- 1096-1127. ; 32:6, s. 377-383
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence of fat content (700 and 820 g/kg) and homogenization on the texture and flavour of mayonnaise with added citral (semi-polar) or pyroligneous acid (polar) was investigated. The quality of mayonnaise was described by sensory descriptive profiling. Mayonnaise containing 820 g fat/kg had the highest intensity of sour smell, sour taste, thickness and fattiness. Increased fat content, from 700 to 820 g/kg, did not significantly affect the perception of smoke flavour due to pyroligneous acid, or lemon flavour due to citral. Homogenization increased sweetness and whiteness, and depressed thickness and fattiness in mayonnaises with added pyroligneous acid.
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| 47. |
- Wendin, Karin, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Flavour and texture in sourmilk affected by thickeners and fat content
- 1997
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In: Food Quality and Preference. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 8:4, s. 281-291
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When reducing fat content or replacing fat with thickener in reduced fat foods, flavour and texture may change. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of thickener and fat content on flavour and texture in low-fat foods. We used sourmilk with 0.1% or 4.2% fat where odour compounds with differing polarity, maltol or ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, were added. Sourmilk with: O.1 g 100 ml(-1) or 0.5 g 100 ml(-1) gelatine; 0.05 g 100 ml(-1) or 1.O g 100 ml(-1) pectin; or 0.65 g 100 ml(-1) or 0.9 g 100 ml(-1) xanthan added, and sourmilk without any thickener added, for each of the two odour compounds were manufactured. Sensory evaluation by descriptive profiling and viscosity measurements by Bohlin VOR were made. Perceived thickness increased with higher fat content and with increased concentration of thickener. Viscosity (measured by a Bohlin rheometer) did also increase with higher fat content and with increased concentration of thickener. Smell and flavour of maltol increased with higher fat content, while smell and flavour of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate were unaffected. Smell and flavour of the maltol were unaffected by all the thickeners, while smell and flavour of the ester were affected. Sourness was masked by all the thickeners.
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| 48. |
- Wendin, Karin, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Low-fat mayonnaise : Influences of fat content, aroma compounds and thickeners
- 1997
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In: Food Hydrocolloids. - 0268-005X .- 1873-7137. ; 11:1, s. 87-99
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effects of fat content and thickeners, propylene glycol alginate (PGA; 1.40%) and guar gum (1.55%), on sensory and instrumental quality descriptors on reduced fat mayonnaises (15 and 30% fat) with and without added aroma compounds, citral (semi-polar) and pyroligneous acid (polar), were investigated. One mayonnaise, 82% fat, without added thickener or aroma compounds was used as reference. Sensory evaluation (quantitative descriptive analysis; QDA), rheological analysis (yield stress, maximum viscosity, G' and G''), measurements of particle size and headspace CC-MS analyses were carried out. Correlations between the results were developed Perceived and instrumental texture, and perceived smell and flavour, changed differently in magnitude and direction due to fat content and type of thickener.
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| 49. |
- Gard, Gunvor, et al.
(author)
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Motivating factors for return to work
- 1998
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In: Physiotherapy Research International. - : Wiley. - 1358-2267 .- 1471-2865. ; 3:2, s. 100-108
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A new concept to increase return to work for patients listed as sick with chronic musculoskeletal pain has been used at a rehabilitation centre in Lulea, Sweden. The programme includes work for three days a week and intensive rehabilitation for two days a week, for 12 weeks, as a combination of 'on the job' training and rehabilitation after a period off work sick. The rehabilitation programme focused on pain reduction, identifying and finding solutions to pain problems in actual work and life situations and training of the functional capacities needed in the work and life situation. The aim of the study was to describe patients' perceptions of motivating factors for return to work. METHODS: A phenomenological method was used. A naive reading of interview notes was followed by structural analyses and reflections on the interpreted whole. Inclusion criteria for the study were musculoskeletal pain for at least one year and a period of at least four weeks' sick leave during that time. Ten patients, aged 30-54 years, participated in the study. An initial conceptual framework was developed to inform the scope of the study and to guide data collection and analysis. RESULTS: Different factors in the study framework influenced motivation to return to work. Among structural factors the division of labour at work was the most important motivator, particularly the ability to do as much as work colleagues, quantitatively and qualitatively. All the patients had jobs in the healthcare or service sectors, jobs with many social contacts. They perceived their work task content as being of minor importance compared to whether the tasks were perceived as meaningful or highly needed by others. All wanted a meaningful job content and a job which they could do in a satisfactory way according to their own norms and compared to colleagues. This highly increased motivation for return to work. Relationships (in terms of co-operation with colleagues and service to patients or clients) were important motivating factors for return to work. Self-confidence was a new factor of importance for return to work; work tasks had to be meaningful and needed by others, work must be done in a way satisfactory for the individual and in a way that was acceptable to others in the group. Everyday responsibility, feedback and support in daily work tasks were important. These aspects increased self-confidence. The results supported the development of a new conceptual framework for possible motivating factors for return to work. CONCLUSIONS: Structure, content, relationships, health and self-confidence were all important motivating factors for return to work.
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| 50. |
- Mårtensson, Lena, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of a Biopsychosocial Rehabilitation Programme in Primary Healthcare for Chronic Pain Patients
- 1999
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 6, s. 157-165
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The responsibility of primary healthcare for treatment and rehabilitation of chronic pain patients has increased in the last decade. Experiences of multidisciplinary, behavioural treatments in pain clinics have demonstrated positive effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate a biopsychosocial rehabilitation programme in primary healthcare for chronic pain patients. The study included 70 chronic pain patients, who participated in an intervention based on ego-strengthening psychotherapy, led by an occupational therapist and a physiotherapist. The study was performed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a questionnaire as well as statistically analysed. The results showed increased general well-being (p < 0.01) and ability of pain management (p < 0.001) together with decreased level of perceived complaints (p < 0.001). The intervention was also associated with positive changes in personality, physical and cognitive factors. The results suggest that the biopsychosocial rehabilitation programme is useful in primary healthcare. Further studies should be carried out into the effects of such a rehabilitation programme in controlled randomized designs
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