| 51. |
- Joshi, S. V., et al.
(author)
-
Plasma spraying of biologically derived hydroxyapatite on implantable materials
- 1993
-
In: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. ; 4:3, s. 251-255
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plasma spraying of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on human implants is considered to provide a promising means of enhancing their biocompatibility and improving tissue growth. This paper briefly describes a method of extracting HA powder from a biological source, namely human teeth. The physical and chemical characteristics of the derived powder are studied and the suitability of this powder for plasma spraying applications is ascertained. The deposited coatings are found to retain the chemistry characteristic of the apatite. Typical results of metallographic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies and hardness measurements on the sprayed HA coatings are presented. © 1993 Chapman & Hall.
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| 52. |
- Joshi, Shrikant V., 1960-, et al.
(author)
-
Plasma spraying of ceramic powders produced by the sol-gel technique
- 1992
-
In: Metals Materials and Processes. - 0970-423X. ; 4:1, s. 33-42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of plasma-sprayed protective layers to enhance the surface properties of critical engineering components represents one of the most promising achievements of materials technology in recent times. The important aspects associated with plasma spraying of ceramic powders are discussed and the influence of the powder characteristics on the quality of sprayed coatings is highlighted. The advantages of the sol-gel technique for preparing spray grade powders are briefly outlined. The sol-gel synthesis of a Yttria-stabilized-zirconia powder is discussed as a case study. Results of powder characterization studies and evaluation of its plasma sprayed coating are also presented.
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| 53. |
- Joshi, S. V.
(author)
-
Plasma spraying of Wc-Co part I : Theoretical investigation of particle heating and acceleration during spraying
- 1993
-
In: Journal of Thermal Spray Technology. - : Springer-Verlag. ; 2:2, s. 127-130
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plasma-sprayed WC-Co coatings are used extensively in a variety of wear-resistant applications. The quality of these sprayed coatings depends greatly on the temperature and velocity of the powder particles impacting the substrate. Because it is both expensive and difficult to experimentally determine these particle parameters, the present study deals with a theoretical investigation of particle heatup and acceleration during plasma spraying of WC-Co based on a recently developed model. The effect of WC-Co particle size on the evolution of particle temperature and velocity is examined through calculations performed under typical spraying conditions. The implications of the powder particles, assuming an off-axis trajectory during their traverse through the plasma flame, are also discussed. © 1993 ASM International.
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| 54. |
- Joshi, S. V., et al.
(author)
-
Prediction of in-flight particle parameters during plasma spraying of ceramic powders
- 1992
-
In: Materials Science and Technology. ; 8:6, s. 481-488
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A theoretical prediction model is presented to estimate the in-flight velocity, temperature, and size of a ceramic particle traversing through a plasma flame. The model accounts for the various phenomena that can influence the transport rate calculations in plasma spraying operations, which typically involve very fine particles (<50 μm) subjected to an extremely non-isothermal environment. The mathematical formulation simultaneously considers internal heat conduction in particles, accounts for the steep temperature gradients that prevail in plasma-particle systems, and incorporates the Knudsen discontinuum effects on both heat and momentum transfer. The significance of these factors is illustrated through some example calculations performed under typical plasma spraying conditions. Comparison with experimental data reveals that the present method, although simple and easy to use, enables accurate predictions to be made and can be a very useful tool in the model assisted development of various plasma-particle processing systems.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Krishna, G. R., et al.
(author)
-
Role of Pt content in the microstructural development and oxidation performance of Pt-aluminide coatings produced using a high-activity aluminizing process
- 1998
-
In: Materials Science and Engineering A. ; 251:1-2, s. 40-47
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study highlights the effect of Pt content on the microstructure of Pt-aluminide coatings produced using a single-step high-activity aluminizing process. The amount of Pt in the coating was varied by changing the thickness of the initial electroplated Pt layer between 1 and 15 μm. The aluminium uptake from the pack was found to be almost the same for all the coatings produced using a Pt layer of thickness 2.5 μm and above, with a somewhat lower uptake for the coating corresponding to a 1 μm thick Pt layer. The coating microstructure, which consisted of an outer two-phase (PtAl2 in a matrix of NiAl) layer, an intermediate NiAl layer and an interdiffusion layer, was also found to be independent of the Pt layer thickness when it was in the range 2.5-10 μm. In the case of the 1 μm Pt layer, however, the whole of the Pt remained in solid solution in the NiAl phase. For a Pt layer thickness exceeding 10 μm, on the other hand, a continuous surface layer of PtAl2 phase was observed. The above mentioned influence of the thickness of the Pt plated layer on the microstructure of the Pt-aluminide coatings observed in the present investigation could be explained in terms of the Pt concentration in the diffusion layer resulting from the interdiffusion between the Pt layer and the superalloy substrate during the pre-aluminizing diffusion treatment. Cyclic oxidation tests on these Pt-aluminide coatings reveal that the presence of Pt in aluminide coatings, in general, enhances oxidation resistance. However, in order to fully realize the beneficial effects of Pt on oxidation behaviour, a certain minimum Pt content in the coating was found to be necessary.
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| 57. |
- Lantz, H, et al.
(author)
-
Differences in whole body measurements by DXA-scanning using two Lunar DPX-L machines
- 1999
-
In: International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565. ; 23:7, s. 764-70
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare bone mineral and body composition results of two dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) instruments from the same manufacturer.SETTINGS: The Medical departments of Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg and University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.DESIGN: Unique aluminium spine phantoms (Phant A and B) delivered with each DXA machine (DXA-A and DXA-B) were cross-checked on the other machine by using the 'AP spine mode'. Eight adolescents were examined on both instruments within 5 h to ascertain total body variables by using standard, as well as extended, modes of analysis. All these double-examinations were undertaken on two occasions, before and after exchange of a detector on the DXA-B.SUBJECTS: Four males and four females aged 15.4-19.2 y with normal body weights, were examined on both occasions. On each occasion, the first examination was performed in Göteborg on four individuals and in Uppsala on four individuals.RESULTS: On the first occasion the phantom measurements resulted in much lower bone mineral density (BMD) values on the DXA-B than on the DXA-A. Later it was detected that a so-called R-value and the corresponding '%-fat' value were out of range on the DXA-B. After exchange of detector, the difference in phantom BMD-values between the two machines had diminished. On the first occasion in vivo BMD values were lowest on the DXA-B (P < 0.01), while on the second occasion they were significantly lower on the DXA-A (P < 0.05). Soft tissue differences were greater after detector exchange and as compared to DXA-A, DXA-B underestimated body fat by 3.5 kg (13.2 vs 9.7 kg, P < 0.001) and overestimated lean tissue mass by 3.8 kg (47.1 vs 50.9 kg, P < 0.001) on the second occasion.CONCLUSIONS: The differences in results between two apparently identical Lunar DPX-L machines were not acceptable. In multicenter studies, it may be necessary to standardise results of participating machines into results of one machine by means of regression equations obtained by examining subsamples of individuals on one master machine and other participating instruments.
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| 58. |
- Lidberg, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Nedsatt serotoninhalt predisponerar för våld : Enkelt blodprov förutsäger farlighet
- 1997
-
In: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 94:39, s. 3385-3388
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deficient serotonergic function in the brain is associated with a risk of impulsive violence. The level of serotonergic function can be assessed indirectly in several ways: 1. determination of CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) content of the serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid); 2. determination of the plasma level of the amino acid tryptophan, the serotonin precursor (passage of tryptophan into the brain is dependent on the ratio of tryptophan to other competing amino acids); 3. analysis of platelet monoamine oxidase content, a putative correlate of serotonergic capacity in the brain; 4. by determining response to an OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test), another putative correlate of serotonergic function.
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| 59. |
- Lidberg, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Resurser saknas ännu för psykiskt störda kriminella : Fängelserna överfulla i Litauen
- 1999
-
In: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 96:11, s. 1330-1334
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fängelserna i Litauen är överfulla. Gulag-perioden ligger inte mer än 10 år tillbaka i tiden. Kriminaliteten har ökat. Psykiatrin lider av gamla lokaler och ter sig som hos oss på 1950-talet. Medicineringen däremot är modern.
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| 60. |
- Lundh Snis, Ulrika, 1970-
(author)
-
Computer Supported Knowledge Management.
- 1999
-
In: Human-Computer Interaction INTERACT `99. - : IOS Press. - 1902505190 ; , s. 696-697
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 61. |
- Lundh Snis, Ulrika, 1970-
(author)
-
IT support in a Knowledge Management Process : A Field Study of a Quality Support Group in a Pharmaceutical Company
- 1998
-
In: Proceedings of the Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandanavia IRIS22.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study addresses the issue of knowledge management. The results are based on field study of a quality support group in a pharmaceutical company. Particularly,the knowledge work activities are analysed in a framework of a knowledge management process and its possibilities for IT-support. From the results I can conclude that mainly explicit knowledge is managed in this process. However, the specific use of two knowledge-mediating systems seems to be extremely important("the very lifeline") throughout this knowledge management process. Knowledge can be transferable and distributed electronically among dispersed co-workers,adaptable and tailor-made to the needs of different users, and applicable directly to practitioners. In a discussion of a more general IT-based knowledge management process I go beyond the specific use of these knowledge-mediating systems and try to identify some further needs and requirements
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
- Lötborn, M, et al.
(author)
-
Whole-body bone mineral measurements in 15-year-old Swedish adolescents.
- 1999
-
In: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 9:2, s. 106-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bone mineral area (BA), total bone mineral content (TBMC) and total bone mineral density (TBMD) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 396 randomly selected, healthy 15-year-old Swedish boys and girls. The influence of body size, pubertal development, physical activity level (PAL), total energy expenditure (TEE), dietary intake of energy, calcium and vitamin D, and alcohol and smoking habits on TBMC and TBMD were examined in bi- and multivariate analyses. In bivariate analyses BA, TBMC and TBMD showed strong correlations with weight, height and TEE in both sexes. In boys but not in girls these bone variables were significantly correlated with dietary intakes of energy, calcium and vitamin D. No significant correlations were found between PAL and the three bone variables. In multivariate analyses with TBMC as dependent variable BA, height, weight and Tanner stages explained 88% and 87% of the variance in boys and girls respectively. In similar analyses with TBMD as dependent variable the corresponding figures were 50% and 54%. The major part of the variance in all these models was explained by BA, and only a few percent by all the other independent variables. No significant reduction was found when TEE or daily intakes of calcium or vitamin D were introduced into the models. These results illustrate the importance of including BA, weight and height as independent variables in regression models of TBMC to avoid spurious associations with other variables in the analyses. The results may also indicate that in normal Swedish adolescents environmental factors such as dietary intake of nutrients play a minor role as determinants of bone mineralization. High levels of physical activity and bone mineral measures possibly explain the lack of significant correlations between these variables and do not imply a lack of association.
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| 65. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(author)
-
A longitudinal study of iron status in healthy Danish infants : effects of early iron status, growth velocity and dietary factors.
- 1995
-
In: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 84:9, s. 1035-44
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a cohort of term infants (n=91), followed from birth to 12 months, iron intake was examined by 24-h food records, and iron status by blood samples (haemoglobin (Hb)), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum values for iron, ferritin and transferrin, and erythrocyte protoporphyrin) at 2, 6 and 9 months. At 9 months of age, 5% had anaemia (Hb<105 g/l), but none had developed iron deficiency according to strict definitions used in this study (serum ferritin < 13 micrograms/l and transferrin saturation < 10%). Infants with high serum ferritin, serum transferrin and erythrocyte protoporphyrin values at one blood sampling also had high values at the following sample (tracking, r=0.45-0.80), suggesting that iron stores at delivery are an important determinant of iron stores during late infancy. Factors related to changes in serum ferritin were investigated by multiple linear regression. From 2 to 6 months, serum ferritin was negatively associated with knee-heel growth velocity (p=0.006) and positively with intake of infant formula (p=0.04). From 6 to 9 months it was negatively associated with intake of bread (p=0.001), and there was a trend for a positive association with intake of meat (p=0.07) and fish (p=0.08) and for a negative association with intake of cow's milk (p=0.07). In conclusion, those with a high growth velocity and a dietary pattern with a high intake of bread and a low intake of meat and fish had lower ferritin values and thereby an increased risk of depleting their iron stores later during infancy.
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(author)
-
Serum bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein in a longitudinal study of infants : lower values in formula-fed infants.
- 1992
-
In: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 31:4 Pt 1, s. 401-5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein [BGP (osteocalcin)] is a protein synthesized by osteoblasts and incorporated in the bone matrix. Serum BGP is a sensitive marker of bone formation, and it parallels the growth velocity curve during childhood and adolescence. Serum BGP was measured at the age of 2, 6, and 9 mo in a cohort study of nutrition and growth in 91 healthy infants. At 2 mo, the mean BGP value (+/- SD) was 275 +/- 87 ng/mL in infants exclusively breast-fed, and 80 +/- 44 ng/mL in formula-fed infants. At 6 mo, the values were 142 +/- 58 ng/mL and 55 +/- 30 ng/mL, and at 9 mo 75 +/- 39 ng/mL and 45 +/- 19 ng/mL in partially breast-fed and formula-fed infants, respectively. The differences were significant (p less than 0.001) at all three ages. At 2 and 9 mo, breast-milk intake was measured by test-weighing. Serum BGP was positively correlated to breast milk intake (mL/kg body wt) at 2 mo (r = 0.59, p less than 0.001) and 9 mo (r = 0.41, p = 0.06). When breast-feeding was stopped, the high BGP concentrations were not sustained. There were no significant differences in linear growth velocity between breast-fed and formula-fed infants and no correlation between BGP values and linear growth velocity. We speculate that either a factor in human milk or the level of minerals in human milk causes the high BGP values. Moreover, if the higher values are associated with increased osteoblast activity, then the remodeling or the mineralization of bone might be different in infants not being breast-fed.
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| 68. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(author)
-
Serum bone Gla Protein (BGP, Osteocalcin) in Infants : Values Positively Correlated with Human Milk Intake.
- 1992
-
In: Mechanisms Regulating Lactation and Infant Nutrient Utilization. - : Wiley-Liss. - 0471561347 ; , s. 419-423
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein [BGP (osteocalcin)] is a protein synthesized by osteoblasts and incorporated in the bone matrix. Serum BGP is a sensitive marker of bone formation, and it parallels the growth velocity curve during childhood and adolescence. Serum BGP was measured at the age of 2, 6, and 9 mo in a cohort study of nutrition and growth in 91 healthy infants. At 2 mo, the mean BGP value (+/- SD) was 275 +/- 87 ng/mL in infants exclusively breast-fed, and 80 +/- 44 ng/mL in formula-fed infants. At 6 mo, the values were 142 +/- 58 ng/mL and 55 +/- 30 ng/mL, and at 9 mo 75 +/- 39 ng/mL and 45 +/- 19 ng/mL in partially breast-fed and formula-fed infants, respectively. The differences were significant (p less than 0.001) at all three ages. At 2 and 9 mo, breast-milk intake was measured by test-weighing. Serum BGP was positively correlated to breast milk intake (mL/kg body wt) at 2 mo (r = 0.59, p less than 0.001) and 9 mo (r = 0.41, p = 0.06). When breast-feeding was stopped, the high BGP concentrations were not sustained. There were no significant differences in linear growth velocity between breast-fed and formula-fed infants and no correlation between BGP values and linear growth velocity. We speculate that either a factor in human milk or the level of minerals in human milk causes the high BGP values. Moreover, if the higher values are associated with increased osteoblast activity, then the remodeling or the mineralization of bone might be different in infants not being breast-fed.
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| 69. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(author)
-
The Copenhagen cohort study on infant nutrition and growth : duration of breast feeding and influencing factors.
- 1994
-
In: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 83:6, s. 565-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Duration of breast feeding was studied in 249 randomly chosen, healthy, term infants of Danish origin of which 80.7% participated. Breast feeding was initiated by 99.5% of the mothers. At 3, 6 and 9 months, 71%, 52% and 33%, respectively, were still breast feeding. Only 1 infant (0.5%) was exclusively breast fed beyond 7 months of age. In a Cox multiple regression analysis of factors influencing duration of breast feeding, we found a positive association with maternal education (p < 0.001) and age (p = 0.02) and a negative association with the amount of formula given at the maternity ward (p < 0.001). Six months after delivery, 79% of the mothers with higher school education (> or = 12 years) were still breast feeding, compared to 29% with a low school education (< or = 9 years). There is still a need for an increased effort to support mothers in breast feeding, focusing particularly on younger mothers with short school education. Formula supplements during the first days of life, given to 73% of the infants, were associated with a shorter duration of breast feeding and should be discouraged.
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| 70. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(author)
-
The Copenhagen Cohort Study on Infant Nutrition and Growth : breast-milk intake, human milk macronutrient content, and influencing factors.
- 1994
-
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 59:3, s. 600-11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 91 healthy term infants breast-milk intake was measured at 2, 4, and 9 mo by test weighing and human milk macronutrient content by infrared analysis every 2-4 wk. In infants exclusively breast-fed, mean milk intake was 781 and 855 mL/24 h at 2 and 4 mo, respectively, and correlated positively with the current weight of the infant and negatively with the amount of formula supplement given at the maternity ward. Median daily energy intake was considerably below current recommendations (423 and 381 kJ/kg body wt at 2 and 4 mo, respectively). Protein concentration in the milk was approximately 8% higher in primipara. Median daily protein intake was 1.3 and 1.0 g/kg body wt at 2 and 4 mo, respectively. Median fat concentration was 39.2 g/L and was positively associated with pregnancy weight gain. This supports the hypothesis that maternal fat stores laid down during pregnancy are easier to mobilize during lactation than are other fat stores and, if low, may limit milk fat when exhausted.
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| 71. |
- Michaelsen, K F, et al.
(author)
-
Zinc intake, zinc status and growth in a longitudinal study of healthy Danish infants.
- 1994
-
In: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 83:11, s. 1115-21
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mild, growth-limiting zinc deficiency might be prevalent in otherwise healthy infants according to recent studies. We examined zinc intake and status in 91 healthy term infants from birth to 12 months, as part of the Copenhagen Cohort Study on Infant Nutrition and Growth. Zinc intake was recorded monthly and the amount of zinc absorbed was estimated. These estimates were below recently published FAO/WHO/IAEA values for basal requirements in 68%, 62% and 14% of the infants at 2, 4 and 9 months of age, respectively. Serum zinc decreased significantly (p < 0.01) from 10.6 mumol/l at 6 months to 8.4 mumol/l at 9 months of age (normal range 10-18 mumol/l). Erythrocyte metallothionein values, a tentative indicator of long-term zinc status, decreased significantly from 2 to 6 months (p < 0.001) and from 6 to 9 months (p < 0.01). Serum zinc at 9 months was positively associated with growth velocity during the period from 6 to 9 months (weight: p = 0.05; knee-heel length: p = 0.002). The results provide descriptive data on zinc intake and zinc status in healthy Danish infants. Although some of our data suggest suboptimal zinc status during late infancy, evidence for this can only be obtained through a randomized intervention study.
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| 72. |
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| 73. |
- Nilsson, Lena, 1947-, et al.
(author)
-
Learning as a health promoting process, the salutogenic interpretation of the Swedish curricula
- 1998
-
In: Internet journal for health promotion. - : International Union for Health Promotion and Education. ; 14
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Schools are important settings for health promotion. There is little evidence of positive long-term effects of health education programs especially among low performing students. This underlines the need to develop new approaches to health promotion in schools. There is also a difficulty to bridge the disciplinary understanding between the education system and the health system. This paper suggests a salutogenic interpretation of the Swedish curriculum. The curriculum focuses on the multi-dimensional characteristics of knowledge making four aspects explicit: familiarity, facts, understanding and skills. Theories of learning and health promotion include some essential similarities. The learning process is based on perceived comprehension, creation of meaning and making knowledge instrumental. The basis for salutogenic theory consists of comprehension, manageability and meaning. These common perspectives could form a basis for the health promoting school. A review of research on effective schools and a study of salutogenic mechanisms in Swedish schools points to the importance of school organisation and both health and school professionals attitudes in the health promoting process. The Swedish curriculum seems to be a good instrument for the salutogenic school. To improve the health promoting effects schools must consider a learning process focusing on comprehension, manageability and meaning.
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| 74. |
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| 75. |
- Samuelson, Gösta, 1930-
(author)
-
Barnets mat : den vuxnes hälsa
- 1991
-
In: Vår näring. - 0042-2681. ; :1, s. 8-10
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 76. |
- Samuelson, Gösta, 1930-, et al.
(author)
-
Dietary iron intake and iron status in adolescents
- 1996
-
In: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 85:9, s. 1033-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary iron intake of 15-year-old adolescents from two different regions of Sweden, in relation to their iron status. The study comprised 185 boys and 209 girls, randomly selected from the official population register. The iron intake was calculated from a 7-day record, and varied between 7 and 35 and 6 and 27 mg per day for boys and girls, respectively. The daily median intakes in boys and girls were 18.7 and 14.2 mg, respectively. S-ferritin, s-iron, and s-transferrin saturation, measured in all the subjects, did not differ significantly between the two regions. However, the mean serum ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the boys (36.4 micrograms l-1) than in the girls (29.4 micrograms l-1) (p < 0.001). Low s-ferritin levels, defined as s-ferritin < 12 micrograms l-1 were found in seven boys (3.7%) and in 29 girls (13.9%). None of the adolescents had iron deficiency anaemia, defined as Hb < 110 gl-1 in combination with s-ferritin < 12 micrograms l-1. Regression and correlation analyses did not show any significant correlation between dietary iron intake and s-ferritin, or between s-ferritin and haemoglobin (Hb), MCH and MCHC. A significant correlation was found, however, between s-ferritin and transferrin saturation (p < 0.005) in both sexes. When the adolescents who still had s-ferritin < 12 micrograms l-1 at a second blood examination were given a 6 weeks trial with oral iron therapy, all of them showed an increase both in s-ferritin and in blood Hb. The 95% confidence intervals of s-ferritin for 15-year-old Swedish boys and girls were defined as 11-90 and 7-85 micrograms l-1, respectively.
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| 77. |
- Samuelson, Gösta, 1930-, et al.
(author)
-
Food habits and energy and nutrient intake in Swedish adolescents approaching the year 2000.
- 1996
-
In: Acta Paediatrica. Supplement. - 0803-5326. ; :415, s. 1-19
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 1993-94 a nutritional survey of 15-year-old adolescents was carried out in Uppsala, a university city in eastern Sweden, and in Trollhättan, an industrial town in the western part of the country. The study was the beginning of a longitudinal nutritional survey of 193 boys and 218 girls randomly selected from the official population register. The dietary methods used were a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a combined estimated and weighed 7-day dietary record. According to the FFQ both boys and girls consumed cereals, butter or margarine and something from the group meat/fish/eggs every day. Milk, milk products, sweets and snacks were consumed more than once per day. Vegetables and fruit/roots were consumed less often. There was relatively good correlation between the FFQ and the 7-day record results. The mean daily energy intakes of the 15-year-old boys and girls were 10.2 and 8.3 MJ, respectively, in Uppsala, and 9.8 and 7.4 MJ in Trollhättan. The mean daily intakes of sucrose were 74 and 58 g in boys and 64 and 52 g in girls. The average daily dietary fibre intake was 1.8 g/MJ. The daily intake of energy obtained from breakfast was 18% on weekdays and 22% on weekends; 18 and 11% from prepared lunch; 24 and 30% from dinner, 21 and 14% from light meals; and 16 and 28% from snacks, in Uppsala and Trollhättan respectively. The lowest energy intake from a prepared lunch meal was noted during weekends. On both weekdays and weekends, considerable energy was obtained from light meals and snacks. However, nearly 40% of the girls and 28% of the boys had an energy intake from fat of < 30 energy%. The mean intakes of vitamin D and selenium and, in the case of girls, iron and zinc, were below the official Swedish Nutrition Recommendations. The daily median intake of iron was 18.7 mg in boys and 14.1 mg in girls. The iron intakes varied between 6 and 35 mg per day. Low serum ferritin concentrations, defined as s-ferritin < 12 micrograms/L, were found in 7 boys (3.7% and in 29 girls (13.9%). Significant negative correlations were found between smoking and frequency of consumption of vegetables, roots, fruits and meat. A negative correlation was also found between smoking and the intake of energy and a number of nutrients. Socioeconomic factors seem to be less important for the food habits of teenagers than for those noted during childhood. Only frequent consumption of vegetables was positively correlated to the mothers' educational level.
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| 78. |
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| 79. |
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| 80. |
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| 81. |
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| 82. |
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| 83. |
- Samuelson, Gösta, 1930-
(author)
-
Skolbarnen och maten
- 1995
-
In: Skolhälsovård. - 1102-3112. ; :3, s. 1-35
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 84. |
|
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| 85. |
- Samuelson, Gösta, 1930-
(author)
-
Tidig programmering för sjukdomar
- 1994
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Næringsforskning. - 1102-6480 .- 1651-2359. ; :1, s. 45-
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 86. |
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| 87. |
|
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| 88. |
- Shariff, S. M., et al.
(author)
-
Parametric influence on cut quality attributes and generation of processing maps for laser cutting
- 1999
-
In: Journal of Laser Applications. ; 11:2, s. 54-63
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Laser cutting is an attractive alternative to conventional cutting methods due to its many inherent advantages. However, notwithstanding its promise for processing diverse categories of materials, the understanding of the subject is incomplete. Although numerous processes are known to significantly influence cutting quality, comprehensive data of practical utility - such as identification of processing regimes to achieve optimum cut surface attributes - remain yet to be generated. The present article establishes a methodology to develop such "processing maps" and illustrates their utility by using laser cutting of mild steel and commercially pure titanium as case studies. The processing maps can be constructed based on any chosen cut quality criteria and can be used to optimize the process on the basis of operational costs. Results reveal that, for achieving good quality cuts, such processing regimes constitute only a narrow region within the wide operating window for mere cuttability and vary substantially with material-assist gas combination. Typically, the operating window for inert gas-assisted cutting is narrower than that for oxygen-assisted cutting involving an exothermic oxidation reaction, which contributes significantly to the overall energy input to the cutting front. The influence of the two major process parameters, laser power and cutting speed, on cut quality attributes such as surface roughness, kerf width, heat affected zone, and cut surface morphology is also discussed in detail. The experimental results have also been compared with theoretical predictions of a scaling law for laser cutting. © 1999 Laser Institute of America.
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| 89. |
- Sivakumar, R., et al.
(author)
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Protective Coatings by Plasma Spraying : A Review
- 1991
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In: Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society. - 0371-750X .- 2165-5456. ; 50:1, s. 1-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, the use of plasma-sprayed protective coatings has gained increasing acceptance for prolonging the service life of critical components exposed to aggressive environments during normal operation. This paper is aimed at providing an overview of the current state-of-the-art of the plasma coating technology. It includes a brief discussion of the various important aspects associated with the development of reliable protective coatings as well as their evaluation, and outlines some noteworthy advances made in the field of plasma spray materials and equipment in the past few years. The various factors influencing the coating quality are identified and the wide-ranging utility of plasma-sprayed coatings is also highlighted.
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| 90. |
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| 91. |
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| 92. |
- Sundararajan, G., et al.
(author)
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A Comparative Study of Tribological Behavior of Plasma and D-Gun Sprayed Coatings under Different Wear Modes
- 1998
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In: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. ; 7:3, s. 343-351
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, thermal sprayed protective coatings have gained widespread acceptance for a variety of industrial applications. A vast majority of these applications involve the use of thermal sprayed coatings to combat wear. While plasma spraying is the most versatile variant of all the thermal spray processes, the detonation gun (D-gun) coatings have been a novelty until recently because of their proprietary nature. The present study is aimed at comparing the tribological behavior of coatings deposited using the two above techniques by focusing on some popular coating materials that are widely adopted for wear resistant applications, namely, WC-12%Co, Al2O3, and Cr3C2-NiCr. To enable a comprehensive comparison of the above indicated thermal spray techniques as well as coating materials, the deposited coatings were extensively characterized employing microstructural evaluation, microhardness measurements, and XRD analysis for phase constitution. The behavior of these coatings under different wear modes was also evaluated by determining their tribological performance when subjected to solid particle erosion tests, rubber wheel sand abrasion tests, and pin-on-disk sliding wear tests. The results from the above tests are discussed here. It is evident that the D-gun sprayed coatings consistently exhibit denser microstructures and higher hardness values than their plasma sprayed counterparts. The D-gun coatings are also found to unfailingly exhibit superior tribological performance superior to the corresponding plasma sprayed coatings in all wear tests. Among all the coating materials studied, D-gun sprayed WC-12%Co, in general, yields the best performance under different modes of wear, whereas plasma sprayed Al2O3 shows least wear resistance to every wear mode.
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| 93. |
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| 94. |
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| 95. |
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