| 1. |
- Alneberg, Johannes, et al.
(author)
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BARM and BalticMicrobeDB, a reference metagenome and interface to meta-omic data for the Baltic Sea
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Baltic Sea is one of the world’s largest brackish water bodies and is characterised by pronounced physicochemical gradients where microbes are the main biogeochemical catalysts. Meta-omic methods provide rich information on the composition of, and activities within microbial ecosystems, but are computationally heavy to perform. We here present the BAltic Sea Reference Metagenome (BARM), complete with annotated genes to facilitate further studies with much less computational effort. The assembly is constructed using 2.6 billion metagenomic reads from 81 water samples, spanning both spatial and temporal dimensions, and contains 6.8 million genes that have been annotated for function and taxonomy. The assembly is useful as a reference, facilitating taxonomic and functional annotation of additional samples by simply mapping their reads against the assembly. This capability is demonstrated by the successful mapping and annotation of 24 external samples. In addition, we present a public web interface, BalticMicrobeDB, for interactive exploratory analysis of the dataset.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Berg, Hans-Yngve, et al.
(author)
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Typical patterns in road-traffic accidents during driver training : An explorative Swedish national study
- 2004
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In: Accident Analysis & Prevention. - 0001-4575. ; 36:4, s. 603-608
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new law came into force in Sweden on 1 September 1993, which makes instructor-assisted driving practice possible at the age of 16 years instead of the previous 17 years and 6 months. When the age limit was reduced, the possibility that this would lead to more road-traffic accidents (RTA) during driving practice was discussed. The aim of this study was to highlight typical road-traffic accident patterns and to discuss their potential for improved training and targeted prevention. A total of 11 variables (41 categories) descriptive of the 1081 RTA involving novice drivers and police registered during the period 1994–1999 were analysed simultaneously using in turn, two multivariate analysis techniques: the Factorial Analysis of Correspondence (FAC) and the Hierarchical Ascendant Classification (HAC). Four accident classes were identified and quantified, of which the first two were more typical of rural areas: (1) accidents in rural areas on straight stretches and related to speed limit 70 km/h (n=306); (2) accidents in rural areas on straight stretches and high-speed related (n=97); (3) accidents in built-up areas, low-speed related and of the type rear-end (n=298); and (4) accidents in built-up areas, at road junctions and low-speed related (n=380). Together, these classes point to a variety of opportunities to develop ways of working with targeted prevention. Instead of adopting a general attempt to counteract the relationship between individual variables and accidents, it is possible instead to focus on a whole context and its relationship with its typical accidents and any resulting injuries. This, in its turn, allows greater specificity in the build up of the Swedish licence and training regulations and its corresponding course curriculum.
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| 4. |
- Brandt, Jonas
(author)
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New International Standard for Fire Suppression Systems in Buses and Coaches
- 2016
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In: Proceedings from the 4th International Conference on Fire in Vehicles - FIVE 2016. ; , s. 23-32
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Fires in buses are a common and global problem. About 2/3 of all bus fires start in the engine compartment of the bus. This has naturally led to efforts of reducing the fire risk of bus engine compartments. A common way to limit the extent and consequences of bus fires is to install automatic fire suppression systems in the engine compartment of the buses. SP Fire Research has developed a method to test and evaluate such systems under standardized and realistic conditions. An amendment of UNECE Regulation 107 has made fire suppression systems to become mandatory on buses in many European countries with test requirements mainly based on SP Method 4912. The amendment will likely improve the fire safety of buses in Europe substantially. Standards for fire suppression systems are also progressing in other countries and regions.
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| 5. |
- Brynhildsen, Jan, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Does the menstrual cycle and use of oral contraceptives influence the risk of low back pain? : A prospective study among female soccer players
- 2007
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 7:6, s. 348-353
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Female sex hormones have been suggested to affect the risk of low back pain. One reason is the fact that back pain is a very common symptom during pregnancy. It also seems to be a more common problem among female than male athletes, e.g. in soccer. Although there are few scientific data supporting a relationship between female sex hormones, use of oral contraceptives and low back pain, many doctors and physiotherapists advise women with low back pain to avoid oral contraceptives. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether low back pain fluctuated during the menstrual cycle and differed between women using and not using oral contraceptives. A questionnaire was sent to 12 female soccer teams; 261 players answered and 50 players (28 with back pain and 22 controls) fulfilled the prospective study. At baseline the players underwent a thorough clinical examination and then filled in a diary concerning menstrual data, back pain, training and matches during one season. A total of 296 menstrual cycles was analysed. No difference in prevalence or severity of back pain was seen between the different phases of the menstrual cycle or between users and non-users of oral contraceptives. Our data do not support the hypothesis that low back pain is influenced by hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle or by use of oral contraceptives.
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| 6. |
- Cantatore, Valentina, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Possible Socket-Plug Standard Connection for Functionalized Graphene – Validation by DFT
- 2016
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In: Carbon. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-6223. ; 104, s. 40-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A possible Socket-Plug standard coupling to connect molecular moieties to graphene is proposed whereby the electronic characteristics in the vicinity of the Fermi energy become virtually independent of choice of molecular "antenna". Proof of concept is offered by means of DFT. A Lewis acid - base coupling is utilized. Thus, the socket property is obtained by boron atoms introduced in the graphene matrix, while the plug property is offered by a lone-pair of the molecular adsorbate. Standard electronic response of boron doped graphene to three different nucleophilic adsorbates is demonstrated. Moreover, conceptual connection is made to hydrogenated pristine graphene and the origins of the similarities in the electronic structures are analyzed. Boron doping introduces holes in the valence band while the dative bonding between electrophilic boron sites and nuleophilic lone-pairs effectively achieves electronic undoping of the boron doped graphene. The Lewis acid - base connection is understood to render the socket-plug functionality robust to adsorption-desorption of the "antenna" molecules. This socket-plug standard may well comprise a necessary prerequisite for making systematic progress in contemporary graphene technology.
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| 7. |
- Caputo, Andrea, et al.
(author)
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Revisiting longitudinal plasmon-axion conversion in external magnetic fields
- 2020
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In: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 101:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the presence of an external magnetic field, the axion and the photon mix. In particular, the dispersion relation of a longitudinal plasmon always crosses the dispersion relation of the axion (for small axion masses), thus leading to a resonant conversion. Using thermal field theory, we concisely derive the axion emission rate, applying it to astrophysical and laboratory scenarios. For the Sun, depending on the magnetic field profile, plasmon-axion conversion can dominate over Primakoff production at low energies (less than or similar to 200 eV). This both provides a new axion source for future helioscopes and, in the event of discovery, would probe the magnetic field structure of the Sun. In the case of white dwarfs (WDs), plasmon-axion conversion provides a pure photon coupling probe of the axion, which may contribute significantly for low-mass WDs. Finally, we rederive and confirm the axion absorption rate of the recently proposed plasma haloscopes.
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| 8. |
- Casula, Luca, et al.
(author)
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Polyphosphoester-stabilized cubosomes encapsulating a Ru(II) complex for the photodynamic treatment of lung adenocarcinoma
- 2024
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In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - 0021-9797. ; 670, s. 234-245
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The clinical translation of photosensitizers based on ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes (RPCs) in photodynamic therapy of cancer faces several challenges. To address these limitations, we conducted an investigation to assess the potential of a cubosome formulation stabilized in water against coalescence utilizing a polyphosphoester analog of Pluronic F127 as a stabilizer and loaded with newly synthesized RPC-based photosensitizer [Ru(dppn)2(bpy-morph)](PF6)2 (bpy-morph = 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-diylbis(morpholinomethanone)), PS-Ru. The photophysical characterization of PS-Ru revealed its robust capacity to induce the formation of singlet oxygen (1O2). Furthermore, the physicochemical analysis of the PS-Ru-loaded cubosomes dispersion demonstrated that the encapsulation of the photosensitizer within the nanoparticles did not disrupt the three-dimensional arrangement of the lipid bilayer. The biological tests showed that PS-Ru-loaded cubosomes exhibited significant phototoxic activity when exposed to the light source, in stark contrast to empty cubosomes and to the same formulation without irradiation. This promising outcome suggests the potential of the formulation in overcoming the drawbacks associated with the clinical use of RPCs in photodynamic therapy for anticancer treatments.
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| 9. |
- Dadbakhsh, Sasan, et al.
(author)
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Selective Laser Melting to Manufacture "In Situ" Metal Matrix Composites: A Review
- 2019
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In: Advanced Engineering Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1438-1656 .- 1527-2648. ; 21:3
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- After a brief introduction on selective laser melting (SLM) and ex situ manufacture of metal matrix composites (MMCs), this paper reviews the capacities and benefits of SLM to activate and control various in situ reactions during fabrication of 3D parts. It introduces several systems (such as Al/Fe2O3, AlSi10Mg/SiC, Al/ZnO, Ti/C, Ti/SiC, Ti/Si3N4, Ti/Mo2C, Fe/SiC, etc.) used to manufacture Al-based, Ti-based, and steel-based in situ MMCs. Then, it illustrates the novel microstructural characteristics of these SLM-made in situ MMCs for different cases, as they may appear from nano-particles to nano-whiskers and dendritic reinforcements homogeneously distributed in a metal matrix. It also focuses on SLM associated in situ mechanisms, explaining how an in situ reaction propagates based on decomposition, diffusion, and reformation and how the growth mechanisms turn into different morphologies such as rounded particles, whiskers, or polygonal block shapes. The influence of various SLM parameters (such as energy density, laser power/speed, powder layer thickness, and the size of initial powder particles) and the SLM in situ challenges are also discussed.
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| 10. |
- Davidovic, Dragana
(author)
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Does corruption shape attitudes towards carbon taxes? Experimental evidence from Mexico and Sweden
- 2024
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In: ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 112
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Economists and policy experts have long argued for the implementation of carbon taxes as the most cost-efficient way to decrease carbon emissions and enhance climate change mitigation. Public support for such taxes is generally lacking, however, compromising their political feasibility. While a range of determinants of climate policy attitudes have been studied, the role of institutional context, and specifically corruption in explaining public aversion towards climate taxes has been largely unexplored. This paper investigates the links between corruption perceptions, trust, and attitudes towards climate taxes in a survey experiment fielded in Sweden and Mexico. Using randomized vignettes to stimulate high -corrupt and low -corrupt perceptions among about 3000 respondents from each country, the analyses evaluate the effect of corruption on trust and attitudes towards climate taxes and explore potential individual -level mechanisms at play using post -treatment questions. The study shows that increased corruption perceptions generate negative attitudes towards climate taxes, even among those who hold pro -environmental value orientations and concerns and political value orientations in favor of state regulation. Mediation analyses suggest that decreased levels of political and institutional trust may explain this effect, but that negative policy -specific beliefs also may play a mediating role. The study contributes to an increased understanding of the negative effect of corruption on climate policy attitudes in diverse institutional settings and outlines avenues for future research.
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