| 1. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(author)
-
Knowledge Resistance
- 2024
-
In: Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Sociology. - 9781803921037 ; , s. 393-399
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Knowledge resistance can be defined as the state where we are “almost immune to evidence, or experiences of others” (Klintman 2022:323). The phenomenon, often described using related terms, remains highly relevant to understanding the challenges and opportunities of agreeing on the existence, severity, causes and solutions to environmental problems. The concept of knowledge resistance is related to, but also differs from, some other terms. The first is “scepticism” towards knowledge claims that challenge one’s view of reality. Properly used, scepticism is actually the opposite of knowledge resistance. To be sceptical is to demand supporting evidence and sufficiently good arguments before accepting, for example, that the climate changes at a specific rate or that the current species extinction rate is accelerating. Sceptics abandon their old view of knowledge when exposed to a quantity and quality of evidence and arguments that outweigh evidence and support their previous idea (Gigerenzer and Hoffrage 1999; Shermer 2007). When we are knowledge resistant, on the other hand, no amount of evidence or argument will be substantial enough for us to endorse the scientifically based claims about climate change or species extinction. We keep saying, “It’s not yet fully proven”. But since knowledge claims can never be proven with absolute certainty – only with probability – we can never be satisfied with counter-arguments when knowledge resistant. Knowledge resistance is a key concept that works as an umbrella term. It covers – wholly or in part – words such as “denial”, “dismissal”, “fact resistance” and “strategic ignorance”. “Denial” is completely ignoring or refusing to take in evidence or arguments that point to, for example, climate change being real and caused by humans. “Dismissal”, in contrast, is to consider and possibly show interest in such evidence or arguments only to conclude that they are insufficient (Rayner 2012). (Contin.)
|
|
| 2. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(author)
-
Knowledge resistance
- 2022
-
In: Routledge International Handbook of Ignorance Studies. - London : Routledge. - 9781003100607 - 9780367608064 ; , s. 323-333
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 3. |
- Calissendorff, Maria, et al.
(author)
-
Educating Orchestral Musicians
- 2017
-
In: British Journal of Music Education. - 0265-0517 .- 1469-2104. ; 34:2, s. 217-223
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article examines research on the specific training of musicians before they begin work as players in professional orchestras. Most of the research is in the area of education. The present article suggests that little research exists that is specific to the development of a traditional orchestra musician from an early age through the music education system, although considerable research exists on the development and broadening of the actual role of the professional musician in a changing world (portfolio careers).
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Willen, Eva
(author)
-
Regional species pools control community saturation in lake phytoplankton
- 2010
-
In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 277, s. 3755-3764
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent research has highlighted that positive biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships hold for all groups of organisms, including microbes. Yet, we still lack understanding regarding the drivers of microbial diversity, in particular, whether diversity of microbial communities is a matter of local factors, or whether metacommunities are of similar importance to what is known from higher organisms. Here, we explore the driving forces behind spatial variability in lake phytoplankton diversity in Fennoscandia. While phytoplankton biovolume is best predicted by local phosphorus concentrations, phytoplankton diversity (measured as genus richness, G) only showed weak correlations with local concentrations of total phosphorus. By estimating spatial averages of total phosphorus concentrations on various scales from an independent, spatially representative lake survey, we found that close to 70 per cent of the variability in local phytoplankton diversity can be explained by regionally averaged phosphorus concentrations on a scale between 100 and 400 km. Thus, the data strongly indicate the existence of metacommunities on this scale. Furthermore, we show a strong dependency between lake productivity and spatial community turnover. Thus, regional productivity affects beta-diversity by controlling spatial community turnover, resulting in scale-dependent productivity-diversity relationships. As an illustration of the interaction between local and regional processes in shaping microbial diversity, our results offer both empirical support and a plausible mechanism for the existence of common scaling rules in both the macrobial and the microbial worlds. We argue that awareness of regional species pools in phytoplankton and other unicellular organisms may critically improve our understanding of ecosystems and their susceptibility to anthropogenic stressors.
|
|
| 6. |
- Boecker, W., et al.
(author)
-
Cellular organization and histogenesis of adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas: evidence supporting the squamous metaplasia concept.
- 2020
-
In: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 154:1, s. 97-105
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas (ASCAP) is characterized by conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and squamous carcinoma components with at least 30% of the tumour showing squamous differentiation. To get further insight into the histogenesis of these lesions, we analysed the cellular organization of ASCAP compared to PDACs. Using Immunohistochemistry and triple immunofluorescence labelling studies for keratins, p63, p40, MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, Ki67, and EGFR we demonstrate that many ASCAPs contain a transitional zone between the K8/18-positive adenocarcinomatous component and the p63+/p40+/K5/K14+squamous component initiated by the expression of p63 in K8/18+adenocarcinomatous cells and the appearance of basally located p63+K5/14+cells. p63+K5/14+cells give rise to fully developed squamous differentiation. Notably, 25% of conventional PDACs without histologically recognizable squamous component contain foci of p63+p40+and K5/14+cells similar to the transitional zone. Our data provide evidence that the squamous carcinoma components of ASCAPs originate from pre-existing PDAC via transdifferentiation of keratin K8/18-positive glandular cells to p63-, p40-, and keratin K5/14-positive squamous carcinoma cells supporting the squamous metaplasia hypothesis. Thus our findings provide new evidence about the cellular process behind squamous differentiation in ASCAPs.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Wuopio, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
The association between circulating endostatin and a disturbed circadian blood pressure pattern in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- 2018
-
In: Blood Pressure. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 27:4, s. 215-221
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Endostatin, cleaved from collagen XVIII in the extracellular matrix, is a promising circulating biomarker for cardiovascular damage. It possesses anti-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic functions and has even been suggested to be involved in blood pressure regulation. Less is known if endostatin levels relate to circadian blood pressure patterns. In the present paper we studied the association between circulating levels of endostatin and nocturnal dipping in blood pressure.METHODS: We used the CARDIPP-study, a cohort of middle aged, type 2 diabetics (n = 593, 32% women), with data on both 24-hour and office blood pressure, serum-endostatin, cardiovascular risk factors, and incident major cardiovascular events. Nocturnal dipping was defined as a >10% difference between day- and night-time blood pressures.RESULTS: Two-hundred four participants (34%) were classified as non-dippers. The mean endostatin levels were significantly higher in non-dippers compared to dippers (mean ± standard deviation: 62.6 ± 1.8 µg/l vs. 58.7 ± 1.6 µg/l, respectively, p = .007). Higher serum levels of endostatin were associated with a diminished decline in nocturnal blood pressure adjusted for age, sex, HbA1c, mean systolic day blood pressure, hypertension treatment, glomerular filtration rate, and prevalent cardiovascular disease (regression coefficient per SD increase of endostatin -0.01, 95% CI, -0.02-(-0.001), p = .03). Structural equation modelling analyses suggest that endostatin mediates 7% of the association between non-dipping and major cardiovascular events.CONCLUSION: We found an independent association between higher circulating levels of endostatin and a reduced difference between day- and night-time systolic blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Yet endostatin mediated only a small portion of the association between non-dipping and cardiovascular events arguing against a clinical utility of our findings.
|
|
