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Barn och ungdomar som lever med skyddade personuppgifter
- 2009
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Det finns i dag 4 276 flickor och pojkar under 18 år (2008-09-29) som lever med skyddade personuppgifter i Sverige. De gör det för att de behöver skyddas mot någon person. Det kan vara pappa, styvpappa, eller någon annan vuxen person. Oftast lever de tillsammans med sin mamma och har tvingats bevittna misshandel i sitt hem. Barnen finns omkring oss i samhället, i förskolan och skolan där det t.ex. kan innebära att de inte kan finnas med på klasslistor eller skolfoton.Stiftelsen Allmänna Barnhuset beviljade under åren 2003–2006 medel till ett forskningsprojekt för att få mer kunskap om dessa barn. Projektet utmynnade i rapporten G(l)ömda – en studie om barn med skyddade personuppgifter. Rapporten är utgiven vid Umeå universitet (2007) och skriven av Katarina Weinehall, Marie-Louise Jonsson, Mona Eliasson och Mona Olausson. Resultatet presenterades vid ett seminarium anordnat av Barnhuset med inbjudna deltagare från myndigheter, departement och organisationer som arbetar med barnfrågor. På seminariet konstaterades att detta är en grupp barn som inte uppmärksammas tillräckligt och att det behövs mer kunskap bland alla aktörer som finns runt dessa barn.Barnhuset har gått vidare i arbetet med att öka kunskapen om bl.a. problemets utbredning och hantering och uppdrog åt Barbro Hindberg att göra en sammanställning av hur man uppmärksammar och stödjer dessa barn inom berörda myndigheter och organisationer, vad som saknas och hur barnens behov av stöd och hjälp ser ut. Ett flertal olika aktörer har intervjuats och arbetet har resulterat i denna bok.I boken beskrivs att barn och ungdomar som lever med skyddade personuppgifter har en mycket svår situation och att det finns risk för att deras hälsa och utveckling hotas. I dag fattas beslut om skyddade personuppgifter utan medverkan av någon myndighet med barnkompetens. Inte heller beaktas FN:s konvention om barnets rättigheter med barnets bästa i fokus och barnets rätt att själv få uttrycka sin mening. Det blir tydligt att det finns behov av att frågan ses över och lagregleras.Antalet barn och ungdomar som lever med skyddade personuppgifter ökar med cirka 6 procent per år. Redan nu är antalet så stort att om man fördelar dem på landets kommuner skulle varje kommun kunna ha en stödgrupp (15 st) för dessa barn!Boken vänder sig till alla som i sitt arbete kommer i kontakt med barn och ungdomar, speciellt till aktörer som exempelvis skatteverket, försäkringskassan, socialtjänsten, förskola/skola, barn- och ungdomspsykiatri, polis, Sveriges kommuner och landsting. Barnhuset hoppas att boken ska öka kunskapen och medvetenheten om dessa barn och stimulera till lokalt utvecklingsarbete.
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| 2. |
- Beausang, Angela, et al.
(author)
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"Möjligheten att rädda några av dessa kvinnors liv har inte vägts in"
- 2014
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In: Dagens Medicin. - : Dagens Medicin.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Namnet på Socialstyrelsens vägledning lyder: Hur upptäcka våldsutsatthet? Ja, det kan man verkligen fråga sig efter att ha läst detta föga vägledande dokument, skriver ett stort antal kritiska debattörer.
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- Lenardt, Grazyna, 1955-
(author)
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"Invandrarkvinnor" i vägskäl: : Deras handlingar och val i våldspräglade relationer från ett genuspsykologiskt perspektiv
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: Men’s violence against immigrant women in the Swedish context is a universal issue affecting human rights and gender equality.Aim: The purpose of the study was to gain further knowledge about immigrant women who seek help for being abused by their men and to provide deeper insight into what influence they have to change their situation.Methods: The study was based on quantitative and qualitative data, namely a questionnaire providing descriptive statistics regarding immigrant women who sought help for being abused in close relationships, as well as in-depth interviews with nine selected respondents who had been abused by their men.Results: According to the questionnaires, the women’s situation was characterised by isolation from both their families and from Swedish society. Nearly half of the women did not have a permanent residence permit. The effects of living in segregated areas where immigrants predominate and having language difficulties were apparent. Some women stated they were subjected to discrimination and racism. Tactics of control used by the abuser, such as racist statements and threats of forced return, can be seen as ways of oppression specific to their residence in a foreign country. The in-depth interviews also indicated that although the women lacked the scope to decide for themselves or to co-decide within the limits of their relationship, they continuously sought options to change the situation. Conclusions: Leaving a relationship characterised by violence seems to be a difficult psychological and social change process. Many of the problems created as a result of specific conditions in the country of immigration amplify the effects of the abuse and make it difficult for these women to change their situation. The women must manage the man’s aggressiveness and dominance on one hand, and on the other hand manage their own position in Sweden as subordinated “others”.
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| 13. |
- Li, Dongqing, et al.
(author)
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miR-19a/b and miR-20a promote wound healing by regulating the inflammatory response of keratinocytes
- 2021
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In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 141:3, s. 659-671
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Persistent and impaired inflammation impedes tissue healing and is characteristic of chronic wounds. A better understanding of the mechanisms controlling wound inflammation is needed. Here we show that in human wound-edge keratinocytes, the expression of miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-19b, and miR-20a, which all belong to the miR-17∼92 cluster, is upregulated during wound repair. However, their levels are lower in chronic ulcers than acute wounds at the proliferative phase. Conditional knockout of miR-17∼92 in keratinocytes as well as injection of miR-19a/b and miR-20a antisense inhibitors into wound-edges enhanced inflammation and delayed wound closure in mice. In contrast, conditional overexpression of the miR-17∼92 cluster or miR-19b alone in mice keratinocytes accelerated wound closure in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-19a/b and miR-20a decreased TLR3-mediated NF-κB activation by targeting SHCBP1 and SEMA7A, respectively, reducing the production of inflammatory chemokines/cytokines by keratinocytes. Thus, as crucial regulators of wound inflammation, lack of miR-19a/b and miR-20a may contribute to sustained inflammation and impaired healing in chronic wounds. In line with this, we show that a combinatory treatment with miR-19b and miR-20a improved wound healing in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.
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| 14. |
- Li, Xi, et al.
(author)
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MicroRNA-132 with Therapeutic Potential in Chronic Wounds.
- 2017
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In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 137:12, s. 2630-2638
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic wounds represent a major and rising health and economic burden worldwide. There is a continued search toward more effective wound therapy. We found significantly reduced microRNA-132 (miR-132) expression in human diabetic ulcers compared with normal skin wounds and also in skin wounds of leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) diabetic mice compared with wild-type mice. Local replenishment of miR-132 in the wounds of db/db mice accelerated wound closure effectively, which was accompanied by increased proliferation of wound edge keratinocytes and reduced inflammation. The pro-healing effect of miR-132 was further supported by global transcriptome analysis, which showed that several inflammation-related signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, NOD-like receptor, toll-like receptor, and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways) were the top ones regulated by miR-132 in vivo. Moreover, we topically applied liposome-formulated miR-132 mimics mixed with pluronic F-127 gel on human ex vivo skin wounds, which promoted re-epithelialization. Together, our study showed the therapeutic potential of miR-132 in chronic wounds, which warrants further evaluation in controlled clinical trials.
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| 15. |
- Magnusson, Chris, 1947-
(author)
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Life-course characteristics associated with early onset of sexual intercourse in females : in a context of relationships, self-perception, well-being and adjustment
- 2001
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The dissertation treats early onset of sexual intercourse among adolescent females from a broad life-course perspective. Its main focus is on the structures and processes involved in the early onset of sexual intercourse in the contexts of personal relationships, well-being, self-perception and adjustment.Data are based on four cohorts of females. The first comes from the Swedish longitudinal research program "Individual Development and Adaptation" (IDA), which encompasses all 522 Grade-8 girls (15-year olds) from a municipality in central Sweden in 1970. The second belongs to a project designed to investigate adolescent behavioral problems, and includes all 567 Grade-8 girls in a single Swedish municipality in 1996. The third covers 30 females with documented sex-related gynecological problems who had attended a youth clinic during adolescence, plus a matched control group. The fourth consists in a representative sample of 90 females within the so-called "Solna Project" who were followed regularly from birth up into mid-life (age 38).Results from Cohort 1 show that sexuality has quite similar developmental implications in the lives of adolescent girls now as it did 26 years ago. Findings from Cohort 2 demonstrate that a majority of girls with early sexual onset experienced their adolescent sexuality as negative, and suffered from recurrent and varied gynecological illnesses in young adulthood. Girls in a "multi-problem situation" were found to be most affected, with respect to both internalizing and externalizing maladjustment. Early sexual activity in itself is not a deviant behavior, but the situation is different when problem behavior and sexuality co-occur. Results from Cohort 3 show that the developmental process differs between subgroups of girls according to whether or not there is such co-occurrence. The combination of early sexuality and problem behavior was found to have negative implications in adolescence and adulthood. Examination of the girls in Cohort 4 girl suggests that the timing of the acquisition of adult roles is embedded in developmental processes that extend far back into the life of both the young female and her parents. Early sexual onset was found to be associated with both childhood problems (externalizing problems of the child and strained mother-child relations) and future difficulties (adult life situation related to leaving home early, setting up a family at an early age, low education, and social-adjustment problems).
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| 16. |
- Scheffer Lindgren, Maria, 1960-
(author)
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"Från himlen rakt ner i helvetet" : Från uppbrott till rättsprocess vid mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer
- 2009
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Male violence against women in intimate partner relationships is a global public health problem and a serious crime, but remains largely underreported. The overall ain of this thesis was, by means of an interdisciplinary approach and from the perspectives of gender, public health and law, to gain a deeper understanding of the situation of abused women, by studying, on one hand, their leaving processes and, on the other, the consequences of the violence for their health. On the basis of this information, a further aim was to increase knowledge of the quality and effect of gender relations in the practical application of the law. The point of departure was that the different perspectives should not be consodered separately but should be seen in context. The thesis describes the prcess for abused women, from the violent relationship and the break-up, the health consequences caused by the violence to the practical application of the law. The thesis consists of four studies (I-IV). An initial qualitative study (I) showed that the leaving process for abused women is fearful, complex and long-lasting. The analysis also revealed a gradual development of strong emotional bonds towards the men on the part of the women. Study II was a combination of qualitative in-depth interviews and quantitative measurements and confirmed former studies regarding the negative health consequences caused by the violence, in particular symptoms of complex PTSD. Study III, examining preliminary investiagtions concerning reported crimes of intimate partner violence, showed that there is still a lack of crminal justice for abused women even if the frequency of cases leading to prosecution was fairly high. In study IV court case records were examined by means of a qualitative method inspired by discourse analysis to determine whether gender is (re)constructed in court practice, and how the process works. The analysis of this particular sample indicated that the practical application of law is influenced by an old-fashioned and stereotypical view of violence, sexuality, men and women. the legal discourses retain and reproduce the gender order. The overall results of the separate studies reinforce the importance of gaining a broader understanding of men's violence against women in intimate partner relationships.
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| 17. |
- Steineck, I., et al.
(author)
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Insulin pump therapy, multiple daily injections, and cardiovascular mortality in 18 168 people with type 1 diabetes: observational study
- 2015
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In: Bmj-British Medical Journal. - : BMJ. - 1756-1833. ; 350
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE To investigate the long term effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump therapy) on cardiovascular diseases and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes. Design Observational study. 18 168 people with type 1 diabetes, 2441 using insulin pump therapy and 15 727 using multiple daily insulin injections. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios for the outcomes, with stratification of propensity scores including clinical characteristics, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, treatments, and previous diseases. Follow-up was for a mean of 6.8 years until December 2012, with 114 135 person years. With multiple daily injections as reference, the adjusted hazard ratios for insulin pump treatment were significantly lower: 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.36 to 0.83) for fatal coronary heart disease, 0.58 (0.40 to 0.85) for fatal cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease or stroke), and 0.73 (0.58 to 0.92) for all cause mortality. Hazard ratios were lower, but not significantly so, for fatal or non-fatal coronary heart disease and fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular disease. Unadjusted absolute differences were 3.0 events of fatal coronary heart disease per 1000 person years; corresponding figures were 3.3 for fatal cardiovascular disease and 5.7 for all cause mortality. When lower body mass index and previous cardiovascular diseases were excluded, results of subgroup analyses were similar to the results from complete data. A sensitivity analysis of unmeasured confounders in all individuals showed that an unmeasured confounders with hazard ratio of 1.3 would have to be present in > 80% of the individuals treated with multiple daily injections versus not presence in those treated with pump therapy to invalidate the significantly lower hazard ratios for fatal cardiovascular disease. Data on patient education and frequency of blood glucose monitoring were missing, which might have influenced the observed association. Among people with type 1 diabetes use of insulin pump therapy is associated with lower cardiovascular mortality than treatment with multiple daily insulin injections.
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| 18. |
- Thurfjell, Barbro, 1951-
(author)
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Adolescent Eating Disorders in a Sociocultural Context
- 2005
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Adolescence means an increased risk for eating disorders (ED) and the female gender is the most important risk factor. Empirical studies of the perceptions of gender ideals—as potential mediating factors between the socio-cultural context and ED—were this thesis’ primary goals. Further aims implied evaluating the psychometric properties of the Eating Disorders Inventory for Children (EDI-C) and providing normative data for boys and girls concerning self-assessed ED symptoms and related psychological traits.The EDI-C has satisfying psychometric properties, and normative data are now provided. The vast majority of preadolescent and adolescent boys and girls (n=4725) are not preoccupied with weight concerns, but 1–3% of the boys and 9–20% of the girls here indicate feelings of anxiety and problematic attitudes. An increase of self-reported ED symptoms occurs during female preadolescence and early adolescence. Responses to three open-ended questions—addressing perceived and personal gender ideals of adolescent boys (n=347) and girls with (n=204) and without (n=417) an ED—indicate that girls are, compared to boys, more involved in images of ideals. The perceived ideal man and ideal woman differ in body size and strength. This corresponds with different health risk behaviours reported in boys (body building) and girls (dieting). Awareness of media ideals and an ability to discriminate them from individual values was common in the normal groups and in girls who had recovered from an ED. A poor outcome was associated with thinness stated as ideals of the media, without mentioning good looks. Factors that could predict outcome at the 3-year follow-up of an ED in adolescent girls were: good looks (media ideal), maturity fears, profession (individual ideal), sexual debut, and vomiting.The addition of a gender perspective would add a dimension to programmes aiming at preventing and treating ED in adolescence.
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| 19. |
- Thurfjell, Barbro, et al.
(author)
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Perceived and individual ideals of gender in Swedish adolescents with and without an eating disorder
- 2006
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In: Eating Disorders. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-0266 .- 1532-530X. ; 14:1, s. 55-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three open-ended questions based on Steiner-Adair (1986) were used to study gender concepts in relation to ideals in adolescent boys and girls and eating-disordered girls. The answers were coded according to themes emanating from the collected data and not predetermined. Dichotomous differences were found between the genders regarding perceived ideals of body size, but clinical and nonclinical girls perceived ideals of society and media similarly. Individual gender concepts differed substantially from the perceived ideals, and were most often focused on lifestyle and life conditions. However, the clinical girls were somewhat more likely to emphasize appearance and loving relationships.
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- Thurfjell, Barbro, et al.
(author)
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Perceptions of gender ideals predict outcome of eating disorders in adolescent girls
- 2006
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In: Eating Disorders. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-0266 .- 1532-530X. ; 14:4, s. 287-304
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Clinical features have low predictive value for the outcome of eating disorders. This study focuses on the possible predictive value of gender ideals. Data was from adolescent girls thoroughly assessed both at presentation and at a three-year follow up. Few variables differed between the outcome groups. However, perceptions of gender ideals, as measured by the Three Questions of Ideals, were found to contribute to the prediction of outcome. A discriminant analysis showed that gender ideals, maturity fears, sexual debut, and vomiting were significant discriminators in a set of factors, which correctly classified the outcome for 75.3% of the sample.
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