| 1. |
- Alm Mårtensson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Ansvarsområden för olika samhällsfunktioner
- 2022
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In: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144155142 ; , s. 91-112
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Alm Mårtensson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Ansvarsområden för olika samhällsfunktioner
- 2022
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In: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144155142 ; , s. 91-112
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Frågor om våld i nära relationer är numera vanligt förekommande i media, politiska debatter, offentliga utredningar och lagändringar. Men trots detta uppmärksammas sällan äldre personers utsatthet för våld. Anledningarna kan vara flera, men tanken på att äldre kan utsättas för våld i en nära relation är för många avlägsen.Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer vill synliggöra att olika typer av våld förekommer mot och bland äldre personer. Men det allra viktigaste är att ge kunskap om hur omgivningen kan uppmärksamma detta och förhindra våld, samt ge hjälp och stöd. Boken belyser det ansvar som olika myndigheter, såsom socialtjänst, hälso- och sjukvård samt tandvård, har. Ett kapitel beskriver rättsprocessen vid en anmälan och ett annat belyser vilka svårigheter en äldre person kan ha när det gäller att söka hjälp och att bryta upp från en relation. Flera kapitel innehåller konkreta råd för hur exempelvis personal kan ge hjälp och stöd.Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer är i första hand skriven för högskoleutbildningar inom socialt arbete, vård, omsorg och medicin. Boken kan också vara till nytta för alla som vill öka sin kunskap om äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer.
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| 3. |
- Alm Mårtensson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Att möta våldsutsatta äldre personer
- 2022
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In: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144155142 ; , s. 183-220
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 4. |
- Alm Mårtensson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Att möta våldsutsatta äldre personer
- 2022
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In: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144155142 ; , s. 183-220
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Frågor om våld i nära relationer är numera vanligt förekommande i media, politiska debatter, offentliga utredningar och lagändringar. Men trots detta uppmärksammas sällan äldre personers utsatthet för våld. Anledningarna kan vara flera, men tanken på att äldre kan utsättas för våld i en nära relation är för många avlägsen.Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer vill synliggöra att olika typer av våld förekommer mot och bland äldre personer. Men det allra viktigaste är att ge kunskap om hur omgivningen kan uppmärksamma detta och förhindra våld, samt ge hjälp och stöd. Boken belyser det ansvar som olika myndigheter, såsom socialtjänst, hälso- och sjukvård samt tandvård, har. Ett kapitel beskriver rättsprocessen vid en anmälan och ett annat belyser vilka svårigheter en äldre person kan ha när det gäller att söka hjälp och att bryta upp från en relation. Flera kapitel innehåller konkreta råd för hur exempelvis personal kan ge hjälp och stöd.Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer är i första hand skriven för högskoleutbildningar inom socialt arbete, vård, omsorg och medicin. Boken kan också vara till nytta för alla som vill öka sin kunskap om äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bejerholm, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
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Rasch Analysis of the Profiles of Occupational Engagement in people with Severe mental illness (POES) instrument
- 2015
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In: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The Profiles of Occupational Engagement in people with Severe mental illness (POES) instrument was developed to study time use profiles of occupations and measure the extent they are characterized by engagement. However, the dimensional factors are not known. The aim of the present study was to establish the internal construct validity of the POES using the Rasch measurement model. Methods: A sample of 192 outpatients in Sweden was administered the POES and data were subjected to Rasch analysis. Results: The POES showed good fit to the Rasch model after accommodation for local dependency. The nine items had high reliability as measured by person separation index, and no threshold disordering was present. Differential item functioning analysis showed no significant differences across groups of age, sex, diagnosis, or country of origin. Conclusion: The POES is a unidimensional scale that represents a continuum of occupational engagement. The transformed POES sum score can be used on an interval scale to measure status and changes in occupational engagement in mental health practice and research.
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| 7. |
- Björklund, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Västerås slott : Slott och borgar
- 2000
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- En majoritet av dagens byggnadsuppgifter gäller att hantera det redan byggda. När vi står inför situationen att restaurera en befintlig byggnad är det viktigt att förstå olika tidsperioders stilideal liksom byggnadsteknik och material. Först då kan vi göra en väl avvägd analys, som tar tillvara och utvecklar de kvaliteter som byggnaderna själva besitter. Därför är utbildningen upplagd som ett växelspel mellan föreläsningar, seminarier, exkursioner och en för året vald studieuppgift.Slott och borgar har varit läsårets tema. Vi har valt att arbeta med Västerås och Örebro slott - två ganska bortglömda Vasaslott som är väl värda att lyfta fram. Särskilt har vi studerat de senaste 300 årens förändringar, som inte tidigare ägnats lika stora forskarmöda som medelitden och Vasatiden. I dessa två exempel finns en provkarta på estetiska, praktiska och tekniska ingrepp från Carl Hårlemans tid och fram till idag.Studierna har således omfattat både gestaltning, funktion och byggnadsteknik. Avsikten är att visa på kvaliteter i de omvandlingar och restaureringar som skett, men också att peka på problem och analysera olika möjligheter inför framtiden. Arbetet har skett i samarbete med Statens fastighetsverk och är tänkt att utgöra ett underlag till vårdprogram och framtida restaureringsinsatser.
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| 8. |
- Bärring, Maja, 1988, et al.
(author)
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5G Enabled Manufacturing Evaluation for Data-Driven Decision-Making
- 2018
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In: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 27, s. 266-271
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Manufacturing industries are experiencing a technical paradigm shift that will change how they run their operations. Equipment and personnel generate an ever-increasing amount of data, and connectivity enables to utilize data to a larger extent. Connecting a machine is not a technical obstacle anymore, but with all available data, the challenge is to understand the requirements of data to support efficient decision-making. This paper will address the requirements of data by domain experts, in the context of more real-time data available. A focus group interview was performed, assessing the key factors of big data; volume, velocity, and variety of data.
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| 9. |
- Dezfouli, Mahya, et al.
(author)
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Newborn Screening for Presymptomatic Diagnosis of Complement and Phagocyte Deficiencies
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Immunology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-3224. ; 11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The clinical outcomes of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are greatly improved by accurate diagnosis early in life. However, it is not common to consider PIDs before the manifestation of severe clinical symptoms. Including PIDs in the nation-wide newborn screening programs will potentially improve survival and provide better disease management and preventive care in PID patients. This calls for the detection of disease biomarkers in blood and the use of dried blood spot samples, which is a part of routine newborn screening programs worldwide. Here, we developed a newborn screening method based on multiplex protein profiling for parallel diagnosis of 22 innate immunodeficiencies affecting the complement system and respiratory burst function in phagocytosis. The proposed method uses a small fraction of eluted blood from dried blood spots and is applicable for population-scale performance. The diagnosis method is validated through a retrospective screening of immunodeficient patient samples. This diagnostic approach can pave the way for an earlier, more comprehensive and accurate diagnosis of complement and phagocytic disorders, which ultimately lead to a healthy and active life for the PID patients.
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| 10. |
- Gad, Helge, et al.
(author)
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MTH1 inhibition eradicates cancer by preventing sanitation of the dNTP pool
- 2014
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In: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 508:7495, s. 215-221
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancers have dysfunctional redox regulation resulting in reactive oxygen species production, damaging both DNA and free dNTPs. The MTH1 protein sanitizes oxidized dNTP pools to prevent incorporation of damaged bases during DNA replication. Although MTH1 is non-essential in normal cells, we show that cancer cells require MTH1 activity to avoid incorporation of oxidized dNTPs, resulting in DNA damage and cell death. We validate MTH1 as an anticancer target in vivo and describe small molecules TH287 and TH588 as first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitors that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 protein in cells. Protein co-crystal structures demonstrate that the inhibitors bindin the active site of MTH1. The inhibitors cause incorporation of oxidized dNTPs in cancer cells, leading to DNA damage, cytotoxicity and therapeutic responses in patient-derived mouse xenografts. This study exemplifies the non-oncogene addiction concept for anticancer treatment and validates MTH1 as being cancer phenotypic lethal.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Hellström, Ann, 1959, et al.
(author)
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Association of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Arachidonic Acid Serum Levels With Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants
- 2021
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In: Jama Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 4:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Supplementing preterm infants with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) has been inconsistent in reducing the severity and incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Furthermore, few studies have measured the long-term serum lipid levels after supplementation. OBJECTIVE To assess whether ROP severity is associated with serum levels of LC-PUFA, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA), during the first 28 postnatal days. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study analyzed the Mega Donna Mega study, a randomized clinical trial that provided enteral fatty acid supplementation at 3 neonatal intensive care units in Sweden. Infants included in this cohort study were born at a gestational age of less than 28 weeks between December 20, 2016, and August 6, 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Severity of ROP was classified as no ROP, mild or moderate ROP (stage 1-2), or severe ROP (stage 3 and type 1). Serum phospholipid fatty acids were measured through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ordinal logistic regression, with a description of unadjusted odds ratio (OR) as well as gestational age- and birth weight-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs, was used. Areas under the curve were used to calculate mean daily levels of fatty acids during postnatal days 1 to 28. Blood samples were obtained at the postnatal ages of 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. RESULTS A total of 175 infants were included in analysis. Of these infants, 99 were boys (56.6%); the median (IQR) gestational age was 25 weeks 5 days (24 weeks 3 days to 26 weeks 6 days), and the median (IQR) birth weight was 785 (650-945) grams. A higher DHA proportion was seen in infants with no ROP compared with those with mild or moderate ROP or severe ROP (OR per 0.5-molar percentage increase, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.36-0.68]; gestational age- and birth weight-adjusted OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.46-0.93]). The corresponding adjusted OR for AA levels per 1-molar percentage increase was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.66-1.05). The association between DHA levels and ROP severity appeared only in infants with sufficient AA levels, suggesting that a mean daily minimum level of 7.8 to 8.3 molar percentage of AA was necessary for a detectable association between DHA level and less severe ROP. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study found that higher mean daily serum levels of DHA during the first 28 postnatal days were associated with less severe ROP even after adjustment for known risk factors, but only in infants with sufficiently high AA levels. Further studies are needed to identify LC-PUFA supplementation strategies that may prevent ROP and other morbidities.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Klevebro, Susanna, et al.
(author)
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Risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure among hospital healthcare workers in relation to patient contact and type of care
- 2021
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:7, s. 707-712
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We aimed to assess prevalence of IgG antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and factors associated with seropositivity in a large cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: From 11 May until 11 June 2020, 3981 HCWs at a large Swedish emergency care hospital provided serum samples and questionnaire data. Presence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was measured as an indicator of SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Results: The total seroprevalence was 18% and increased during the study period. Among the seropositive HCWs, 11% had been entirely asymptomatic. Participants who worked with COVID-19 patients had higher odds for seropositivity: adjusted odds ratio 1.96 (95% confidence intervals 1.59–2.42). HCWs from three of the departments managing COVID-19 patients had significantly higher seroprevalences, whereas the prevalence among HCWs from the intensive care unit (also managing COVID-19 patients) was significantly lower. Conclusions: HCWs in contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected patients had a variable, but on average higher, likelihood for SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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| 15. |
- Leimalm, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
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Off-gas dust in an experimental blast furnace part 1: Characterization of flue dust, sludge and shaft fines
- 2010
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In: ISIJ International. - : Iron and Steel Institute of Japan. - 0915-1559 .- 1347-5460. ; 50:11, s. 1560-1569
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In blast furnace (BF) ironmaking, efforts are made to decrease coke consumption, which can be done by increasing the pulverized coal injection rate (PCR). This will cause changes in ¡n-furnace reduction conditions, burden distribution, demands on raw material strength, etc. In order to maintain stable operation, but also to obtain low amounts of material losses through the off-gas, it is important to understand fines generation and behaviour in the BF Off-gas dust and shaft fines generated in the LKAB Experimental Blast Furnace (EBF) were sampled during operation with olivine pellets and mixtures of acid pellets and sinter as iron-bearing materials. Characterization using XRD, SEM and LOM was focused on fines from iron-bearing materials, coke and slag formers. The results showed that flue dust, mainly <0.5 mm, was mechanically formed and created in the same manner for all investigated samples. Carbon-containing particles dominated in the fractions >0.075 mm and consisted mainly of coke particles from the shaft. Fe-containing particles, as Fe2O 3 from the top of the shaft, formed the major part of flue dust fractions <0.063 mm. Particles from slag formers such as quartzite and limestone were observed in flue dust when slag formers were utilized in the feed. Sludge consisted mainly of chemically formed spherical particles <1 μm precipitated from the ascending gas as the temperature decreased. © 2010 ISIJ.
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| 16. |
- Llona-Minguez, Sabin, et al.
(author)
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Identification of Triazolothiadiazoles as Potent Inhibitors of the dCTP Pyrophosphatase 1
- 2017
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In: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 60:5, s. 2148-2154
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (dCTPase) is involved in the regulation of the cellular dNTP pool and has been linked to cancer progression. Here we report on the discovery of a series of 3,6-disubstituted triazolothiadiazoles as potent dCTPase inhibitors. Compounds 16 and 18 display good correlation between enzymatic inhibition and target engagement, together with efficacy in a cellular synergy model, deeming them as a promising starting point for hit -to-lead development.
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| 17. |
- Lundgren, Camilla, 1989, et al.
(author)
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Challenges Building a Data Value Chain to Enable Data-Driven Decisions: A Predictive Maintenance Case in 5G-Enabled Manufacturing
- 2018
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In: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 17, s. 411-418
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Improvements in data storage and processing technologies have led many managers to change how they make decisions, relying less on intuition and more on data. This trend is especially notable for the manufacturing industry where Big Data applications, i.e. data analytics, are mentioned as an important enabler of value creation with the event of the fourth industrial revolution. Designing and building the entire data value chain that enables Big Data applications in manufacturing requires new knowledge about digital technologies combined with already established knowledge about the specific manufacturing processes. This paper focuses on the convergence of these different knowledge spaces applied to a specific case of implementing a Big Data application for predictive maintenance. Every step of building the data value chain from data acquisition to system feedback is presented and discussed in terms of the major challenges that were observed during the project. Results show that, just as the literature suggests, the knowledge gaps between different domains is a key component to manage for succeeding when building Big Data applications in the context of future manufacturing and maintenance.
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| 18. |
- Lundgren, Dan, et al.
(author)
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Changes in perceived psychosocial work environment in old age carefrom 2007 to 2015
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This study examines changes in nursing assistants’ perceived psychosocial work environment 2007-2015 and whether there are differences between nursing homes and home care. Repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted (summed sample N = 9400) in nursing homes and home care units. Mixed linear models with random intercept, slope and variance were used. Nursing assistants in nursing homes assess their psychosocial work environment better than nursing assistants in home care do. When analysing linear trends for the entire time period (2007-2015), we found a decline in control at work (p < .001) in both nursing homes and home care and positive trends for stimulus from work itself (nursing homes, p < .001 and home care, p = .004). This indicates that nursing assistants perceived decreasing control of their work situation and increasing stimulus from work itself over the period 2007-2015. The results indicated shifting trends when the municipality introduced different reforms, such as the act of a system of choice in the public sector and the implementation of home health care. These findings suggest that it is important for old-age care organisations to consider long-term consequences for nursing assistants’ psychosocial work environment when implementing new reforms and organizational changes.
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| 19. |
- Lundgren, Dan
(author)
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Leadership, psychosocial work environment, and satisfaction with elder care among care recipients : Analysing their associations and the structural differences between nursing homes and home care
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- BackgroundMunicipal elder care has become increasingly multifaceted, and the quest for quality is a continuing discussion in Swedish elder care. In recent decades, municipalities have prioritized older adults with severe needs. There is also a trend of more elderly individuals receiving care in their own homes. The number of persons 80 years and older will increase by approximately 75 percent between 2015 and 2035. During the same period, the numbers of nursing assistants are likely to decrease. Furthermore, health and social care services have the highest rates of sick leave in Sweden, and the psychosocial work environment plays an important role in reducing sick leave. Perceived support from an organization, leaders and colleagues has been shown to have a positive effect on nursing assistants’ perceptions of the psychosocial work environment in elder care settings. Leadership characteristics or attributes and behaviours have been associated with a healthy work environment. Thus, knowledge regarding the associations between leadership, the psychosocial work environment, and recipient satisfaction in elder care is insufficient.AimsThe overall aim of this thesis was to explore and describe the associations between leadership, the psychosocial work environment, and recipient satisfaction in municipal elder care, the changes over time in psychosocial work environment, and the difference between nursing homes and home care.Design and methodsThis thesis is based on four cross-sectional studies (I-IV) and one study based on repeated cross-sectional analyses (V). Data from three different surveys were used: the Developmental Leadership Questionnaire (DLQ), the Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work (QPS), and a recipient satisfaction survey (based on a National Board of Health and Welfare recipient satisfaction survey). Study I analyses first-line managers’ assessments of their leadership and nursing assistants’ assessments of their first-line managers. Study II analyses the associations between leadership and the psychosocial work environment, study III the associations between psychosocial work environment and recipient satisfaction, and study IV encompasses all three levels, leadership and the psychosocial work environment, and recipient satisfaction. Study V describes changes in the psychosocial work environment between 2007 and 2015.Results There are structural differences between nursing homes and home care in the assessments of leadership, the psychosocial work environment, and satisfaction among older people. Linear trends for the period 2007-2015 demonstrate a decline in control at work in both nursing homes and home care and positive trends for stimulus from the work itself. The results also show that nursing assistants in nursing homes rate their psychosocial work environment higher than nursing assistants in home care. Older adults receiving home care report higher satisfaction than those receiving care in nursing homes. In contrast, nursing assistants in home care rate their first-line managers’ leadership and their perceived psychosocial work environment lower than those working in nursing homes. Process-related factors, for example, the association between leadership and the psychosocial work environment, showed that interpersonal factors, such as support from superiors, empowering leadership, human resource primacy, and direct leadership, may impact nursing assistants’ psychosocial work environment in both nursing homes and home care. A better psychosocial work environment among nursing assistants was associated with higher satisfaction among recipients of elder care, except for the recipient satisfaction item staff knowledge, which had negative associations with the psychosocial work environment.Conclusions and implications for practiceTo influence nursing assistants’ performance, to increase recipient satisfaction and to increase quality in eldercare in the long term, appropriate leadership and a healthy psychosocial work environment are necessary. To make the most out of the available resources and to meet future challenges (among others) in elder care require organizational attention so that leadership and psychosocial work environments continue to develop in both nursing homes and home care. Therefore, structural differences in elder care must be considered to create a better psychosocial work environment for nursing assistants and, in turn, to create higher care satisfaction for those who are receiving elder care in two different social contexts.
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| 20. |
- Lundgren, Dan, et al.
(author)
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The Association Between Psychosocial Work Environment and Satisfaction With Old Age Care Among Care Recipients
- 2020
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In: Journal of Applied Gerontology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0733-4648 .- 1552-4523. ; 39:7, s. 785-794
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines the association between nursing assistants' perceptions of their psychosocial work environment and satisfaction among older people receiving care in nursing homes and home care. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted among people receiving care (N= 1,535) and nursing assistants (N= 1,132) in 45 nursing homes and 21 home care units within municipal old-age care. Better psychosocial work environment was related to higher satisfaction in old-age care among the recipients. Significant and stronger associations were more common in nursing homes than in home care. Perception of mastery and positive challenges at work were associated with higher recipient satisfaction both in home care and in nursing homes: social climate, perception of group work, perception of mastery, and positive challenges at work only in nursing homes. Findings suggest that recipient satisfaction may be increased by improving the psychosocial work environment for nursing assistants, both in nursing homes and in home care.
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| 21. |
- Lundgren, Dan, et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Leadership and Psychosocial Work Environment on Recipient Satisfaction in Nursing Homes and Home Care
- 2019
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In: Gerontology and geriatric medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 2333-7214. ; 5, s. 1-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines the association between nursing assistants' assessment of leadership, their psychosocial work environment, and satisfaction among older people receiving care in nursing homes and home care. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with nursing assistants (n = 1,132) and people receiving care (n = 1,535) in 45 nursing homes and 21 home care units. Direct leadership was associated with the psychosocial work environment in nursing homes and home care. Furthermore, better leadership was related to higher satisfaction among nursing assistants and older people in nursing homes. Thus, indirect leadership had no effect on recipients' satisfaction in either nursing homes or home care. The path analysis showed an indirect effect between leadership factors and recipient satisfaction. The findings suggest that the psychosocial work environment of nursing assistants and recipient satisfaction in nursing homes can be increased by improving leadership.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Lundgren, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Off-gas dust in an experimental blast furnace part 2: Relation to furnace conditions
- 2010
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In: ISIJ International. - : Iron and Steel Institute of Japan. - 0915-1559 .- 1347-5460. ; 50:11, s. 1570-1580
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the blast furnace process, material losses are caused by particles that are blown out of the furnace by the off-gas. In order to reduce these losses, it is important to understand the correlations between furnace conditions and off-gas dust formation. Off-gas dust, as flue dust and sludge, were collected during shaft probe sampling in LKAB Experimental Blast Furnace (EBF). Process data was used to evaluate the relationship between off-gas dust amounts and furnace conditions. The graphitization degree (Lc value) of shaft coke and coke in flue dust was determined using XRD measurements. Solution loss in the shaft had a negligible effect on coke degradation and the coke particles which ended up in the flue dust were mainly derived from abrasion at low temperatures. The amount of alkali and SiO2 in sludge increased with higher PCR and flame temperature, which confirmed that submicron spherical particles in sludge originated from the high temperature area around the raceway. Theoretical critical particle diameters of materials, which could be blown out with the off-gas, were estimated. Flow conditions in the top of the shaft as well as and the properties of fine particles in terms of size and density are important when outflow of mechanical dust, such as flue dust, is concerned. Low off-gas temperatures, and thus lower off-gas velocities, are favourable for low flue dust amounts expelled from the blast furnace. © 2010 ISIJ.
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| 25. |
- Mesfun, Sennai, et al.
(author)
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Black liquor fractionation for biofuels production : A techno-economic assessment
- 2014
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In: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 166, s. 508-517
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The hemicelluloses fraction of black liquor is an underutilized resource in many chemical pulp mills. It is possible to extract and separate the lignin and hemicelluloses from the black liquor and use the hemicelluloses for biochemical conversion into biofuels and chemicals. Precipitation of the lignin from the black liquor would consequently decrease the thermal load on the recovery boiler, which is often referred to as a bottleneck for increased pulp production. The objective of this work is to techno-economically evaluate the production of sodium-free lignin as a solid fuel and butanol to be used as fossil gasoline replacement by fractionating black liquor. The hydrolysis and fermentation processes are modeled in Aspen Plus to analyze energy and material balances as well as to evaluate the plant economics. A mathematical model of an existing pulp and paper mill is used to analyze the effects on the energy performance of the mill subprocesses.
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