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- Mårild, Karl, 1982, et al.
(author)
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Histologic activity in inflammatory bowel disease and risk of serious infections : A nationwide study
- 2024
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In: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier. - 1542-3565 .- 1542-7714. ; 22:4, s. 831-846
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of serious infections, but whether this risk varies by histological disease activity is unclear.METHODS: A national population-based study of 55,626 individuals diagnosed with IBD in 1990-2016 with longitudinal data on ileo-colorectal biopsies followed through 2016. Serious infections were defined as having an inpatient infectious disease diagnosis in the Swedish National Patient Register. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for serious infections in the 12 months following documentation of histologic inflammation (vs. histological remission), adjusting for social and demographic factors, chronic comorbidities, prior IBD-related surgery and hospitalization. We also adjusted for IBD-related medications in sensitivity analyses.RESULTS: With histological inflammation vs. remission, there was 4.62 (95%CI=4.46-4.78) and 2.53 (95%CI=2.36-2.70) serious infections per 100 person-years of follow-up, respectively (adjusted [a]HR=1.59; 95%CI=1.48-1.72). Histological inflammation (vs. remission) were associated with an increased risk of serious infections in ulcerative colitis (UC, aHR=1.68; 95%CI=1.51-1.87) and Crohn's disease (CD, aHR=1.59; 95%CI=1.40-1.80). The aHRs of sepsis and opportunistic infections were 1.66 (95%CI=1.28-2.15) and 1.71 (95%CI=1.22-2.41), respectively. Overall, results were consistent across age groups, sex and education level and remained largely unchanged after adjustment for IBD-related medications (aHR=1.47; 95%CI=1.34-1.61).CONCLUSION: Histological inflammation of IBD was an independent risk factor of serious infections, including sepsis, suggesting that achieving histological remission may reduce infections in IBD.
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- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(author)
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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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- Björk, Göran, 1956, et al.
(author)
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Flow of Canadian Basin Deep Water in the Western Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean
- 2010
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In: Deep Sea Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-0637 .- 1879-0119. ; 57:4, s. 577-586
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The LOMROG 2007 expedition targeted the previously unexplored southern part of the Lomonosov Ridge north of Greenland together with a section from the Morris Jesup Rise to Gakkel Ridge. The oceanographic data shows that Canadian Basin Deep Water (CBDW) passes the Lomonosov Ridge in the area of the Intra Basin close to the North Pole and then continues along the ridge towards Greenland and further along its northernmost continental slope. The CBDW is clearly evident as a salinity maximum and oxygen minimum at a depth of about 2000 m. The cross slope sections at the Amundsen Basin side of the Lomonosov Ridge and further south at the Morris Jesup Rise show a sharp frontal structure higher up in the water column between Makarov Basin water and Amundsen Basin water. The frontal structure continues upward into the Atlantic Water up to a depth of about 300 m. The observed water mass division at levels well above the ridge crest indicates a strong topographic steering of the flow and that different water masses tend to pass the ridge guided by ridge-crossing isobaths at local topographic heights and depressions. A rough scaling analysis shows that the extremely steep and sharply turning bathymetry of the Morris Jesup Rise may force the boundary current to separate and generate deep eddies.
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- Björk, Göran, 1956, et al.
(author)
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The Passage of Canadian Basin Deep Water Over the Lomonosov Ridge and Through the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean: Results From the LOMROG-2007 Icebreaker Expedition
- 2008
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In: American Geophysical Union. ; 88(52)
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the LOMROG-2007 icebreaker expedition to the area where the Lomonosov Ridge attaches to the Greenland shelf, we observed a well defined signal in water mass properties of clear CBDW origin. The major part of CBDW passes the Lomonosov Ridge at the 1870 m deep channel near the North Pole (88 25' N, 150 E) as was discovered during the Beringia/Hotrax 2005 exploration of the sill area. During the LOMROG expedition we observed the signal of CBDW along the Amundsen Basin side of the Lomonosov Ridge slope north of Greenland and further along the Greenland shelf towards east and south. The signal with Canadian Basin properties is clearly seen in the TS structure as well as in the oxygen, silicate and CFC signals around 2000 m depth. No indication of a deep overflow across the Lomonosov Ridge at the channel just north of Greenland was seen.
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- Bockgård, Niclas, et al.
(author)
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Accuracy of CFC groundwater dating in a crystalline bedrock aquifer: Data from a site in southern Sweden
- 2004
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In: Hydrogeology Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1431-2174 .- 1435-0157. ; 12:2, s. 171-183
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113) and tritium were determined in groundwater in fractured crystalline bedrock at Finnsjon, Sweden. The specific goal was to investigate the accuracy of CFC dating in such an environment, taking potential degradation and mixing of water into consideration. The water was sampled to a depth of 42 m in three boreholes along an 800-m transect, from a recharge area to a local discharge area. The CFC-113 concentration was at the detection limit in most samples. The apparent recharge date obtained from CFC-11 was earlier than from CFC-12 for all samples, with a difference of over 20 years for some samples. The difference was probably caused by degradation of CFC-11. The CFC-12 dating of the samples ranged from before 1945 to 1975, with the exception of a sample from the water table, which had a present-day concentration. Conclusions about flow paths or groundwater velocity could not be drawn from the CFCs. The comparison between CFC-12 and tritium concentrations showed that most samples could be unmixed or mixtures of waters with different ages, and the binary mixtures that matched the measured concentrations were determined. The mixing model approach can be extended with additional tracers.
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