| 1. |
- Bal, Anjali S., et al.
(author)
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You know you've got to, express yourself : A comparative study of self-expression through brand, women in six Asian nations
- 2015
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In: The Sustainable Global Marketplace. - Cham : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319108728 - 9783319108735 ; , s. 165-
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Consumers express themselves in a multitude of ways; one expression mechanism is brand consumption. Self-expression can be an important driver of consumer preference and choice. Despite the importance of self-expression, additional research is needed as to how brands are used as a means of self-expression. Previous studies indicate that the importance of brands for self-expression can differ across cultures. This study explores how female consumers in six Asian nations differ in the extent to which they express themselves through the use of their favorite brands.
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| 2. |
- Bal, Anjali S., et al.
(author)
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You know you've got to, express yourself : A comparative study of self-expression through brand, women in six Asian nations
- 2011
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In: The Sustainable Global Marketplace. - : The Academy of Marketing Science. - 0939783363 ; , s. 165-
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Consumers express themselves in a multitude of ways; one expression mechanism is brand consumption. Self-expression can be an important driver of consumer preference and choice. Despite the importance of self-expression, additional research is needed as to how brands are used as a means of self-expression. Previous studies indicate that the importance of brands for self-expression can differ across cultures. This study explores how female consumers in six Asian nations differ in the extent to which they express themselves through the use of their favorite brands.
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| 4. |
- Chronéer, Diana, et al.
(author)
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Born global in a heartbeat
- 2009
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In: Proceedings of the XX ISPIM Conference, Vienna, Austria, 21-24 June 2009.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper aims to enhance the knowledge of business model development in the mobile service sector by exploring the underlying components of a business model for organizations within that industry. By drawing from business model literature combined with findings from a longitudinal case study of an iPhone application, a conceptual business model for mobile services was developed. Proposed model extends earlier frameworks by adding contingency aspects and the view of core resources into a dynamic business model. Findings from the study highlight the importance for application developers to have an overall resource strategy in order to support the sustainability of their business models. This is particularly important due to the rapid pace of change in the industry and the technology.
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| 8. |
- Ek Styvén, Maria, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Benefits and barriers for the use of digital channels among small tourism companies
- 2019
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 19:1, s. 27-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aims to identify and explain perceived benefits and barriers for the use of digital channels by tourism companies in Swedish Lapland. Data were collected through exploratory interviews and an online survey to tourism companies in the region, most of which are small firms. Through factor analysis, we identified four barriers (Financial risk, Time constraints, External environment, and Lack of IT expertise and strategy) and three benefits (Internal efficiency, Marketing and competition, and Financial benefit) connected to the use of digital channels for customer communication. Results suggest that having staff with work time specifically reserved for working with digital channels, rather than trying to manage this alongside other tasks, increases the perceived benefits and decreases barriers related to Information and Communication (ICT) use. Moreover, analysis shows that the most important factors explaining tourism firms’ intentions to use digital channels are the perceived benefits connected to marketing and competition, as well as the perceived financial risk, which works as a barrier. Contrary to expectations, time constraints had a significant positive correlation with the intention to use digital channels. This implies that tourism firms in Swedish Lapland increasingly recognize the necessity of investing time in online communications in order to attract more visitors.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ek Styvén, Maria, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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From Santa Claus to yodeling : International tourists' brand knowledge of Swedish Lapland
- 2017
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In: Proceedings of the 12th Global Brand Conference of the Academy of Marketing,School of Business and Economic, Linnaeus Univeristy, Kalmar, 26th-28th, April, 2017. - Kalmar : Linnaeus University School of Business and Economics. - 9789188357694 ; , s. 413-420
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 13. |
- Ek Styvén, Maria, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Impulse buying tendencies among online shoppers in Sweden
- 2017
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In: Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2040-7122. ; 11:4, s. 416-431
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to characterize consumers with high impulse buying tendency (IBT) by comparing them with low-IBT consumers in an online shopping context.Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through a postal survey to a random sample of Swedish citizens, resulting in 144 responses, which were analysed statistically.Findings: Results indicate that high-IBT consumers, compared to those with low IBT, are on average younger, more likely to be female and more frequent online shoppers with higher levels of trust in the internet. However, they seem more likely than low-IBT consumers to abandon their online shopping carts before completing the purchase, often because of need uncertainty.Practical implications: The findings can give retailers a better understanding of consumers with high IBT and thereby increase the possibility to target and communicate with them more effectively. This is an interesting opportunity as both multi-channel shopping and impulse buying behaviour is likely to become even more common in the future.Originality/value: The study contributes to the understanding of impulsive consumers, as it addresses the role of situational and socio-demographic attributes of high-IBT consumers compared to low-IBT consumers. The differences in online purchases, intentions to buy fashion online, shopping cart abandonment and trust in the internet suggest that even if IBT is a relatively stable and general personal trait, the tendencies to act on buying impulses may be more context-specific.
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| 23. |
- Ek Styvén, Maria, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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This Is My Hometown! The Role of Place Attachment, Congruity, and Self-Expressiveness on Residents’ Intention to Share a Place Brand Message Online
- 2020
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In: Journal of Advertising. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0091-3367 .- 1557-7805. ; 49:5, s. 540-556
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a gradually more hypercompetitive global tourism arena, destination marketers are increasingly seeking effective ways to promote places through appealing place brand messages. Local residents can be valuable ambassadors for the place, as well as co-creators of place-related brand communication. However, research focusing on place advertising from the residents’ perspective is scant. To address this gap, this work identifies three main antecedents of residents’ intention to share a place brand message online: place attachment, place ad–brand congruity, and self-expressiveness. A model is developed and tested on a sample of current and former residents of a Swedish city. Structural equation model results support that these antecedents have a positive influence on current as well as former residents’ intention to share a place brand ad online. Place attachment also has a significant indirect influence on intention to share, with place ad–brand congruity and self-expressiveness as partial mediators. Furthermore, place ad–brand congruity partially mediates the relationship between place attachment and self-expressiveness.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Engström, Anne, et al.
(author)
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Developing an attractive mobile service : A comparison of desired consumption values of three different services
- 2015
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In: The Sustainable Global Marketplace. - Cham : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319108728 - 9783319108735 ; , s. 454-456
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the results of an exploratory study on consumption values. The aim of this study is to explore and compare desired consumption values of different mobile services. The results point out similarities as well as differences in desired consumption values of different mobile services.
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| 29. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Crisis: a driver for tourism innovation and service design?
- 2024
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In: DESIGN 2024. - : Cambridge University Press. ; , s. 2343-2352
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tourism entrepreneurs adapted to regulations during COVID-19 by introducing creative solutions. The crisis was said to be a unique opportunity for innovating sustainable businesses. This study investigates crisis as a driver for innovation and its relevance to service design. Interviews with entrepreneurs are the empirical base that highlights that finetuning existing services is an established approach instead of innovative service design. Few expressed lessons were learned from the creative solutions made during the pandemic, suggesting that strategies for innovation need to be developed.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Foster, Tim, et al.
(author)
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Travel Talk : eWOM Across Multiple Cultures
- 2017
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In: Creating Marketing Magic and Innovative Future Marketing Trends. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319455952 - 9783319455969 ; , s. 703-704
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Word-of-mouth (WOM) communication is considered the most important, informal means of communication between consumers (Derbaix and Vanhamme 2003). An increasingly important extension of the traditional face-to-face WOM used by consumers is the electronic word of mouth (eWOM), especially with regard to how eWOM is used within today’s online social media outlets (Weisfeld-Spolter et al. 2014). Within the travel and tourism industry, eWOM has become vitally important, as consumers tend to trust information from consumer-generated (social) media more than information from service providers (Ip et al. 2012). This is particularly true for the younger generation of Internet users—the “e-generation,” who are “digital natives” and who have used digital technologies since they were kids. The aim of this study is to provide a better understanding on how today’s e-generation is using eWOM as tourists/travelers, from a multicultural perspective. In order to reach this aim, the following research questions are stated: (RQ1) How are e-generation consumers using eWOM when planning a trip?; (RQ2) How are e-generation consumers using eWOM during and after a trip?
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| 32. |
- Johansson, Jeaneth, et al.
(author)
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Business models at work in the mobile service sector
- 2012
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In: iBusiness. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2150-4075 .- 2150-4083. ; 4:1, s. 84-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper aims to enhance the knowledge of business models in the mobile service sector by exploring their key mechanisms and underlying components. By combining the business model literature with empirical interview-based case studies of 69 business models in the mobile service sector, it illustrates the findings of a longitudinal case study of a business model design attached to an iPhone application. A model for managing business model design in an open innovation context of mobile services is proposed. The model extends earlier frameworks by adding contingency aspects and the view of core resources for addressing logics in the dynamic sector. Findings highlight the importance of ventures in the mobile service sector continually managing the business model design in order to support the sustainability of their business models.
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| 34. |
- Johansson, Jeaneth, et al.
(author)
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Projekt: MeMo - Meta-affärsmodell för mobila tjänster
- 2010
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Syftet med detta projekt är att identifiera affärsmodeller för mobila tjänster och att föreslå en meta-affärsmodell som kan tillvarata affärspotential genom samverkan mellan aktörer som tjänsteleverantörer, tjänsteförmedlare och kunder i ett större nätverk. I projektet samverkar forskare från fem forskningsområden (industriell marknadsföring, e-handel, redovisning & styrning, informatik, och industriell organisation) vid Luleå tekniska universitet (LTU) för att från sina respektive angreppsvinklar: Identifiera och beskriva affärsmodeller för mobila tjänster. Föreslå en meta-affärsmodell för att möjliggöra effektiva framtida affärer för mobila tjänsteleverantörer. Samla insamlade erfarenheter i ett white paper som kananvändas som stöd för utveckling av framgångsrika affärsmodeller för de deltagande företagen. Synliggöra vetenskapliga resultat i publikationer och presentationer. MeMo-projektet är finansierat av VINNOVA och genomförs i samarbete mellan LTU och TeliaSonera och ett antal av dess nuvarande och framtida tjänsteleverantörer. Genom Centrum för Distansöverbryggande Teknik (CDT) vid LTU och dess Living Lab-nätverk, når projektet ut till stora grupper av slutanvändare.
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| 35. |
- Mariani, Marcello, et al.
(author)
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Explaining the intention to use digital personal data stores : An empirical study
- 2021
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In: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent data leaks such as those involving Dropbox have apparently made Internet users feel less secure than in the past as they face risks when dealing with their digital personal data. However, consumers have increasingly embraced cloud computing empowered Digital Personal Data Stores (DPDSs). To understand this paradox, this study shifts the unit of analysis of DPDSs acceptance from organizations to individuals/consumers and identifies the drivers of adoption of DPDSs (beyond broadly defined cloud computing services). Moreover, it proposes, develops and tests empirically a comprehensive extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of DPDSs, leveraging perceived privacy risks and trust. Using a panel of UK consumers, we find that perceived trust positively influences both usefulness and ease of use. These constructs, in turn, positively affect attitude towards using DPDSs, which ultimately increases the intention to use DPDSs. Privacy risk does not moderate any of the investigated relationships, thus suggesting that trust is a key underlying mechanism enhancing the acceptance of DPDS. Hence, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
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| 36. |
- Mariani, Marcello M., et al.
(author)
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Using Facebook for travel decision-making : An international study of antecedents
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0959-6119 .- 1757-1049. ; 31:2, s. 1021-1044
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeThis paper aims to investigate antecedents of using non-travel-specific social media (specifically Facebook) for travel decision-making before a leisure trip.Design/methodology/approachBased on an online survey of 426 young travel consumers from Italy and Sweden, this work applies structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis.FindingsThe study finds support for most of the conventional TAM-related constructs: perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment and intention, while ease of use is not found relevant in this context.Research limitations/implicationsResults shed light on the antecedents of using non-travel specific social media in two countries. Future research might focus on validating the factors identified and add others that might shape usage in the selected countries. Future studies could further investigate possible differences arising from culture, country of origin and age. The analysis can also be extended to other countries.Practical implicationsThe analysis might help managers in the hospitality and tourism sector by providing an understanding of the cognitive factors which determine travelers’ decision to use Facebook for trip planning. Thus, managers should get to know these factors in their effort to influence social media in hospitality and tourism settings.Originality/valueThe findings offer interesting perspectives on the applicability of conventional models to the context of non-travel-specific social media platforms. The exploration of cross-cultural differences also adds to the extant body of knowledge.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Mariani, Marcello, et al.
(author)
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Social comparison orientation and frequency : A study on international travel bloggers
- 2021
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In: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 123, s. 232-240
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study adopts a social comparison theory perspective to examine the drivers of social comparison frequency (SCF) on Facebook among international travel bloggers who utilize Facebook for their travel blogging activities. An online survey led to 99 usable responses covering travel bloggers from 33 countries.Results suggest that there is a strongly positive and significant relationship between SCF on Facebook and the Ability dimension of social comparison orientation (SCO), as well as between SCF and opinion leadership. While professional travel bloggers are more likely to be opinion leaders, non-professional travel bloggers tend to compare themselves with others on Facebook considerably more often. Overall, it seems that Facebook is deployed in a rather strategic way by travel bloggers who try to enhance the visibility of themselves and their blogs vis-à-vis international competitors. Research contributions and managerial implications are discussed.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Näppä, Anna
(author)
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Building Employer Brands: The Employee Perspective
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Employer branding, or the creation and communication of an identifiable identity as an employer, has become a buzzword that interests both practitioners and researchers. Employer branding is considered a key tool for attracting, developing, and retaining the best employees and is believed to be the answer to the so-called “war for talent”. The question of human capital is of the essence for all companies but is particularly prevalent for service organizations. For example, organizations in tourism and hospitality rely on their employees to deliver complex experiences, while balancing high customer expectations and resources available. Attracting and retaining the right frontline employees is crucial due to their unique role as brand ambassadors who deliver the brand promise in each customer encounter. At the same time, employers in tourism and hospitality have been struggling with a negative industry image and high employee turnover, which has intensified even more in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic.While employer branding has received a great deal of attention it still offers much research potential. Employer branding includes both current and potential employees, but most studies have focused on talent attraction rather than capturing perceptions of current employees. The majority of research has studied large companies with access to both expert knowledge and financial resources, and thus little is known about employer branding in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In addition, it is only recently the concept of co-creation entered the employer branding vocabulary, referring to the role of employees as active agents or partners to the brand rather than a mere target market. Co-creation has been thoroughly researched in the tourism and hospitality sphere, lending itself as a suitable context for addressing the gap relating to employee co-creation of the employer brand. Thus, the overall research purpose is to investigate how employer brands are perceived and built by employees. This is done with a focus on the tourism and hospitality context.Based on the current gaps in the literature, the following research aims were developed: 1. To explore employer brand management in SMEs2. To explore the role of employees as both target group and co-creators of employer brand equity in the context of tourism and hospitality.3. To investigate employees’ perceptions of their employer’s attractiveness, together with intentions to stay and recommend in tourism and hospitality. Special attention is paid to the role of creativity and innovation. 4. To investigate which employer attributes are related to perceptions about the tourism and hospitality industry and the likelihood to stay. These aims were researched in four individual papers. To reach the overall purpose, a mixed methods approach was applied. The first two papers took a qualitative approach: the first paper used observational data, while the second used in-depth interviews. The two latter papers were quantitative in nature. This research contributes to two areas: the employer branding literature, as well as research on tourism and hospitality. In particular, it highlights employer branding as a co-creational practice and performance, where employees build the brand by participating in internal processes, representing the brand towards outsiders, and simply being part of the collective brand identity. The possibility to do innovative and creative work seems to be an important driver for staying with and recommending one’s current employer. In terms of perceptions of work in tourism and hospitality, there are two levels to consider: the individual employer as well as the industry itself. The results emphasize the role of industry reputation and general industry attractiveness in retaining employees. This research also focuses on the roles and perspectives of current employees which has been lacking in the employer branding literature. The dissertation begins with defining the context of tourism and hospitality and current state of employer branding as an area, moving then to describing the identified gaps and landing in an overall research problem. The most relevant theories are discussed in the second chapter to lay the theoretical foundation together with a review on employer branding and employer brand equity. The second chapter also explains the concept of co-creation and the effects of the industry on the employer brand(ing) and concludes with a justification for the research aims. Chapter three explains the methodological choices for the dissertation and the individual papers and findings from the papers are described in chapter four. Finally, the fifth chapter presents the overall conclusions and implications for theory and practice.
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| 44. |
- Näppä, Anna, et al.
(author)
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I just work here! Employees as co-creators of the employer brand
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 23:1, s. 73-93
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explores the role of employees as both a target group and co-creators of employer brand equity in tourism and hospitality. Extant research has largely focused on the effects of external employer brands; however, studies on internal employer branding have been lacking. The research problem is addressed through the conceptual lens of employer brand equity. To provide empirical insights into employee experiences, exploratory in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 employees in hotels, restaurants, and retail stores in Northern Sweden. While employees constitute a target market for internal employer branding, they also co-create the employer value proposition. Employees act as brand members, representatives, advocates and influencers, increasing knowledge about the organization internally and externally. However, in practice, companies in the service sector seem to place more focus on the customer experience than on reminding the employees of the brand promise towards them. This study identifies and describes the role of employees in the employer branding process by developing a new conceptual framework. Thereby, it adds to the understanding of co-creation in employer branding, an under-researched area which has been suggested to become a new paradigm in the employer branding literature.
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| 49. |
- Parding, Karolina, et al.
(author)
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Workplace learning in transient workplaces: the tourism and hospitality industry in the Arctic region
- 2023
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In: Journal of Workplace Learning. - : Emerald Publishing. - 1366-5626 .- 1758-7859. ; 35:9, s. 259-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: This paper aims to focus on conditions for workplace learning (WPL) in highly transient workplaces, exemplified by the tourism and hospitality sector in the Arctic region. The aim is to analyse and discuss how employees and employers view the conditions for employees’ WPL from their respective perspectives. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on a qualitative approach. Ten interviews with employers and ten interviews with employees were carried out. This opens for different perspectives, including identifying “learning gaps”. The analysis was thematic, with a focus on opportunities and challenges for WPL in these transient workplace contexts. Findings: Overall, conditions for WPL seem unsatisfactory. On the one hand, both employees and employers see WPL as essential for staff retention. Employers also see WPL as a strategy for business development and, thus, profit. On the other hand, high staff turnover makes it challenging to strategically invest in and organize for WPL, especially formal learning. Hence, a Catch-22 situation emerges. Research limitations/implications: As this study is qualitative in its scope, generalizations are analytical rather than statistical. Originality/value: There is a shortage of studies on conditions for WPL, focusing particularly on transient workplaces. Moreover, by including employer and employee perspectives, the authors contribute to a gap in the literature. The empirical contribution of this paper thus lies in using a theoretical WPL framework on transient workplaces, exemplified by the tourism and hospitality industries in the Arctic region.
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| 50. |
- Peighambari, Kaveh, et al.
(author)
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Salesperson’s personality and relationship quality : Are you a friend or a customer?
- 2012
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigates the quality of buyer-seller relationships from the seller’s perspective, by addressing the influence of salespeople’s personality traits on the quality of the relationships with customers as compared to friends. Results indicate that the personality traits of salespeople influence both of these relationships, but in different ways.
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