| 1. |
- Környei, Bálint S., et al.
(author)
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Cerebral microbleeds may be less detectable by susceptibility weighted imaging MRI from 24 to 72 hours after traumatic brain injury
- 2021
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In: Frontiers in Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-4548 .- 1662-453X. ; 15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: A former rodent study showed that cerebral traumatic microbleeds (TMBs) may temporarily become invisible shortly after injury when detected by susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI). The present study aims to validate this phenomenon in human SWI.Methods: In this retrospective study, 46 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in various forms of severity were included and willingly complied with our strict selection criteria. Clinical parameters potentially affecting TMB count, Rotterdam and Marshall CT score, Mayo Clinic Classification, contusion number, and total volume were registered. The precise time between trauma and MRI [5 h 19 min to 141 h 54 min, including SWI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)] was individually recorded; TMB and FLAIR lesion counts were assessed. Four groups were created based on elapsed time between the trauma and MRI: 0-24, 24-48, 48-72, and >72 h. Kruskal-Wallis, ANOVA, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used to reveal differences among the groups within clinical and imaging parameters; statistical power was calculated retrospectively for each comparison.Results: The Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA with Conover post hoc analysis showed significant (p = 0.01; 1-β > 0.9) median TMB number differences in the subacute period: 0-24 h = 4.00 (n = 11); 24-48 h = 1 (n = 14); 48-72 h = 1 (n = 11); and 72 h ≤ 7.5 (n = 10). Neither clinical parameters nor FLAIR lesions depicted significant differences among the groups.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that TMBs on SWI MRI may temporarily become less detectable at 24-72 h following TBI.
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| 2. |
- Brandl, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Digital Learning Environments to Support Autonomous Learning Processes of Mathematically Creative and Gifted Students
- 2024
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In: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning. - Madrid. ; , s. 198-205
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Analyses performed by the German Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs indicate that the educational system must address lifelong education in a context of digitalization, which is a major challenge of the transforming world of work and societal belonging. Representative studies characterise mathematically gifted pupils as independent, non-conformist and autonomous thinkers who are also displaying considerable levels of creativity. When focusing the mathematical content, gifted pupils enjoy working with challenging problems that offer diversified solutions and are explorative about a specific mathematical area. Accordingly, it is indicated that traditional classroom settings do have limited potential to address the needs of the gifted. Hence, the present paper discusses the possibilities to meet the developmental needs of mathematically gifted pupils via digital online learning environments, example here in the form of Digital Interactive Mathematical Maps (DIMM), a freely accessible digital tool developed at the University of Passau, Germany. The DIMM is based on a visualization of the historical development of different mathematical areas, such as geometry, algebra and stochastics. Last and importantly, the DIMM is deepened by tasks from mathematical competitions and fostering settings that are connected to mentioned timelines and that pupils can work with in respective contexts.
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| 3. |
- Brandl, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Educating prospective teachers in the field of mathematical giftedness : Comparing experiences
- 2023
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Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article focuses on how prospective teachers can be educated in the field of mathematical giftedness. Three independently developed concepts are compared to deduce cornerstones of appropriate seminar concepts. As one main result, it seems that a combination of theoretical and practical parts is particularly important for a sustainable education in the context of giftedness.
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| 4. |
- Brandl, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Overexcitability, iconoclasm and mathematical creativity & giftedness
- 2019
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In: Including the Highly Gifted and Creative Students – Current Ideas and Future Directions. - Münster : WTM – Verlag für wissenschaftliche Texte und Medien. - 9783959871310 - 9783959871327 ; , s. 53-58
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are several theoretical psychological concepts in the realm of research on (mathematical) creativity and giftedness, e.g. originality, non-conformism, iconoclasm, overexcitability and high sensitivity. By connecting these aspects to one another we show some concept-immanent interdependencies and congruities. Applying those to the specific area of mathematics we identify a natural relation of the mentioned concepts to the character of performing and dealing with mathematics. Additionally, we derive some consequences for classroom teaching.
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| 5. |
- Delrez, Laetitia, et al.
(author)
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Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth nu(2) Lupi d with CHEOPS
- 2021
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In: Nature Astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3366. ; :5, s. 775-787
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Exoplanets transiting bright nearby stars are key objects for advancing our knowledge of planetary formation and evolution. The wealth of photons from the host star gives detailed access to the atmospheric, interior and orbital properties of the planetary companions. nu(2) Lupi (HD 136352) is a naked-eye (V = 5.78) Sun-like star that was discovered to host three low-mass planets with orbital periods of 11.6, 27.6 and 107.6 d via radial-velocity monitoring(1). The two inner planets (b and c) were recently found to transit(2), prompting a photometric follow-up by the brand new Characterising Exoplanets Satellite (CHEOPS). Here, we report that the outer planet d is also transiting, and measure its radius and mass to be 2.56 +/- 0.09 R-circle plus and 8.82 +/- 0.94 M-circle plus, respectively. With its bright Sun-like star, long period and mild irradiation (similar to 5.7 times the irradiation of Earth), nu(2) Lupi d unlocks a completely new region in the parameter space of exoplanets amenable to detailed characterization. We refine the properties of all three planets: planet b probably has a rocky mostly dry composition, while planets c and d seem to have retained small hydrogen-helium envelopes and a possibly large water fraction. This diversity of planetary compositions makes the nu(2) Lupi system an excellent laboratory for testing formation and evolution models of low-mass planets.
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| 6. |
- Fahlgren, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Prospective teachers designing tasks for dynamic geometry environments
- 2022
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In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (CERME 12). - Bozen-Bolzano : Free University of Bozen-Bolzano. - 9791221025378
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper examines the quality of digitized tasks designed by 10 (small) groups of prospective upper secondary school teachers as part of a geometry course assignment. The results indicate that a small instructional intervention, addressing the planning and implementation of tasks in digitized task environments as well as how to stimulate students to make mathematical generalizations, led to a relatively high proportion (8 out of 10) of high-quality tasks designed by the prospective teachers.
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| 7. |
- Fekete, Tünde, et al.
(author)
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Constraints for monocyte-derived dendritic cell functions under inflammatory conditions.
- 2012
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In: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 42:2, s. 458-69
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The activation of TLRs expressed by macrophages or DCs, in the long run, leads to persistently impaired functionality. TLR signals activate a wide range of negative feedback mechanisms; it is not known, however, which of these can lead to long-lasting tolerance for further stimulatory signals. In addition, it is not yet understood how the functionality of monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) is influenced in inflamed tissues by the continuous presence of stimulatory signals during their differentiation. Here we studied the role of a wide range of DC-inhibitory mechanisms in a simple and robust model of MoDC inactivation induced by early TLR signals during differentiation. We show that the activation-induced suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), IL-10, STAT3, miR146a and CD150 (SLAM) molecules possessed short-term inhibitory effects on cytokine production but did not induce persistent DC inactivation. On the contrary, the LPS-induced IRAK-1 downregulation could alone lead to persistent MoDC inactivation. Studying cellular functions in line with the activation-induced negative feedback mechanisms, we show that early activation of developing MoDCs allowed only a transient cytokine production that was followed by the downregulation of effector functions and the preservation of a tissue-resident non-migratory phenotype.
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| 8. |
- Kai-Larsen, Ella, et al.
(author)
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Swedish students’ exploration of trigonometrical relationships : GeoGebra and protractors yield qualitatively different insights
- 2022
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In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (CERME12). - Bolzen-Bolzano, Italien : Free University of Bozen-Bolzano.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trigonometry, an important pre-requisite for many advanced topics of school mathematics, links geometric, algebraic and graphical reasoning, but remains a difficult topic to teach and learn. The dynamic nature of many trigonometric functions is amenable to dynamic geometry software, which, in the form of GeoGebra, is the focus of this paper. However, both generally and in respect of trigonometry, research on GeoGebra’s efficacy seems ambivalent. In this paper, we offer a case study of two groups of Swedish upper secondary students’ solutions to the same tasks. One group was instructed to use GeoGebra and the other a protractor to investigate the sine and cosine functions in in the interval 0° ≤ v ≤ 180°. Analyses yielded qualitatively different outcomes; students using the protractor typically identified a geometrical relationship based on symmetry around the protractor’s 90° line, while those using GeoGebra tended to identify only numerical relationships.
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| 9. |
- Leffler, Jonatan, et al.
(author)
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Decreased Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Degradation in Shiga Toxin-Associated Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome
- 2017
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In: Journal of Innate Immunity. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-811X .- 1662-8128. ; 9:1, s. 12-21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can stimulate thrombosis, and their degradation is decreased in several autoimmune disorders. It was recently reported that some patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) also fail to degrade NETs and that neutrophils from Shiga toxin-associated HUS are primed to form NETs. Method: We used a well-characterized cohort of 74 thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) patients, with a subset also providing follow-up samples, and 112 age-matched controls to investigate NET degradation and serum nuclease activity in TMA before, during and after treatment. Results: We identified that in the cohort of TMA patients, 50% of patients with Shiga toxin-associated HUS displayed a decreased ability to degrade NETs. NET degradation correlated with serum nuclease activity, but not with autoantibodies against double-stranded DNA, which has been previously observed in some autoimmune disorders. Further, NET degradation negatively correlated with serum creatinine levels, suggesting that kidney function was negatively impacted by the low NET degradation ability. Conclusions: We revealed that decreased NET degradation is a common feature of Shiga toxin-associated HUS and that it is associated with decreased kidney function in these patients. It remains to be clarified whether improving NET degradation would be beneficial for the patient.
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| 10. |
- Lichtenstein, Mia Beck, et al.
(author)
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The Prevalence of Exercise Addiction Symptoms in a Sample of National Level Elite Athletes
- 2021
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In: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2624-9367. ; 3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Exaggerated exercise volumes, lack of control, withdrawal symptoms and conflicts with family and friends are core symptoms of exercise addiction. The condition can lead to health problems and social isolation because exercise is given the highest priority in any situation. The prevalence of the risk of exercise addiction has mostly been assessed in leisure time exercisers such as runners, fitness attendees and cyclists. The prevalence proportion ranges from 3 to 42% depending on the type of sport and the assessment tool. The proportion is greater among elite athletes, and increases with the level of competition. This study's primary aim was to assess the prevalence of exercise addiction among elite athletes competing at national level and its secondary aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Exercise Addition Inventory (EAI) in elite sports. Participants (n = 417) from 15 sports disciplines and with 51% women completed an online survey. Results showed that 7.6% were at risk of exercise addiction. This group was younger, exhibited tendency to exercise despite pain and injury, felt guilty if not exercising enough, and reported substantial eating disorder symptoms. The reliability and validity of the EAI was good suggesting that the scale is appropriate for measuring the risk of exercise addiction in elite athletes.
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