| 1. |
- Ameli, Ali A., et al.
(author)
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Where and When to Collect Tracer Data to Diagnose Hillslope Permeability Architecture
- 2021
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In: Water resources research. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0043-1397 .- 1944-7973. ; 57:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The permeability architecture has a major influence on hillslope flow path and hydrogeochemistry. To constrain this architecture and overcome equifinality in the diagnosis of hillslope flow paths within hydrologic transport models, different types of complementary data (e.g., tracer) have been recommended. However, there is still little information on the extent to which such complementary data can unravel the permeability architecture, and where and when to measure such data to most efficiently constrain models. Here, we couple a Richards-based flow and transport model with extensive long-term field measurements to compare the relative value of different types of hydrometric and tracer data in discriminating between contrasting permeability (or saturated hydraulic conductivity ()) architectures, in the absence of macropore flow. Our results show that compared to streamflow and water table observations, stream tracer data have a stronger evaluative potential to constrain hillslope vertical pattern in , in particular during seasons when flow is on average low (e.g., winter or summer). Tracer data from within the hillslope are even more helpful to discriminate between different vertical patterns in Ks than stream tracer data. This suggests a higher evaluative potential for hillslope tracer observations. This evaluative potential of hillslope data depends on where and when the data are collected, and increases with depth from the soil surface, with distance from the stream and during seasons when flow is low. The findings also emphasize the importance of incorporating hillslope permeability architecture in hydrologic transport models in order to reduce the uncertainty in the predictions of stream water quality.
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| 2. |
- Arheimer, Berit, et al.
(author)
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The IAHS Science for Solutions decade, with Hydrology Engaging Local People IN a Global world (HELPING)
- 2024
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In: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The new scientific decade (2023-2032) of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) aims at searching for sustainable solutions to undesired water conditions - may it be too little, too much or too polluted. Many of the current issues originate from global change, while solutions to problems must embrace local understanding and context. The decade will explore the current water crises by searching for actionable knowledge within three themes: global and local interactions, sustainable solutions and innovative cross-cutting methods. We capitalise on previous IAHS Scientific Decades shaping a trilogy; from Hydrological Predictions (PUB) to Change and Interdisciplinarity (Panta Rhei) to Solutions (HELPING). The vision is to solve fundamental water-related environmental and societal problems by engaging with other disciplines and local stakeholders. The decade endorses mutual learning and co-creation to progress towards UN sustainable development goals. Hence, HELPING is a vehicle for putting science in action, driven by scientists working on local hydrology in coordination with local, regional, and global processes.
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| 3. |
- Biella, Riccardo, et al.
(author)
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The 2022 Drought Needs to be a Turning Point for European Drought Risk Management
- 2024
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In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences. - 1561-8633 .- 1684-9981.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The 2022 European drought has underscored critical deficiencies in European water management. This paper explores these shortcomings and suggests a way forward for European drought risk management. Data for this study was gathered through a continent-wide survey of water managers involved in this event. The survey collected 481 responses from 30 European countries and is comprised of 19 questions concerning sectorial impact in the regions of the responders and drought risk management practices of their organizations. Information from the survey is enriched with climate-related information to offer a comprehensive overview of drought risk management in Europe. Our research focuses on four key aspects: the increasing risk of drought, its spatial and temporal impacts, current drought risk management approaches, and the evolution of drought risk management across the continent. Our findings reveal a consensus on the growing risk of drought, which is confounded by the rising frequency and intensity of droughts. While the 2022 event affected most of the continent, our findings show significant regional disparities in drought risk management capacity among the various countries. Our analysis indicates that current drought risk management measures often rely on short-term operational concerns, particularly in agriculture-dominated economies, leading to potentially maladaptive practices. An overall positive trend in drought risk management, with organizations showing increased awareness and preparedness, indicates how this crisis can be the ideal moment to mainstream European-wide drought risk management. Consequently, we advocate for a European Drought Directive, to harmonize and enforce drought risk management policies across the continent. This directive should promote a systemic, integrated, and long-term risk management perspective. The directive should also set clear guidelines for drought risk management at the national level and for cross-boundary drought collaboration.
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| 4. |
- Biella, Riccardo, et al.
(author)
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The 2022 Drought Shows the Importance of Preparedness in European Drought Risk Management
- 2024
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In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences. - 1561-8633 .- 1684-9981.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Droughts in Europe are becoming increasingly frequent and severe, with the 2022 drought surpassing previous records and causing widespread socio-economic impacts. This study employs a Europe-wide survey that integrates data from 481 respondents from 30 European countries, involved in the management of the 2022 European drought, together with hydroclimatic data (i.e., Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index; SPEI), to provide a holistic assessment of the effect of drought preparedness on response effectiveness and timeliness during the 2022 drought through statistical methods. It specifically assesses the role of forecasting systems and Drought Management Plans (DMPs) in improving preparedness and in facilitating more effective and timely responses. Additionally, the study investigates how drought management practices and awareness have evolved as a consequence of the 2018 European drought and how recent experiences shape water managers’ perceptions. The findings emphasize the urgent need for a standardized, continent-wide drought risk management coordination to address the multifaceted nature of drought risk by integrating climatic and societal factors, and advocates for a Drought Directive as a means to achieve it. This research aims to inform policy development towards sustainable and holistic drought risk management, highlighting the crucial roles of preparedness, awareness, and adaptive strategies in mitigating future drought impacts.
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| 5. |
- Blauhut, Veit, et al.
(author)
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Lessons from the 2018-2019 European droughts : a collective need for unifying drought risk management
- 2022
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In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1561-8633 .- 1684-9981. ; 22:6, s. 2201-2217
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Drought events and their impacts vary spatially and temporally due to diverse pedo-climatic and hydrologic conditions, as well as variations in exposure and vulnerability, such as demographics and response actions. While hazard severity and frequency of past drought events have been studied in detail, little is known about the effect of drought management strategies on the actual impacts and how the hazard is perceived by relevant stakeholders. In a continental study, we characterised and assessed the impacts and the perceptions of two recent drought events (2018 and 2019) in Europe and examined the relationship between management strategies and drought perception, hazard, and impact. The study was based on a pan-European survey involving national representatives from 28 countries and relevant stakeholders responding to a standard questionnaire. The survey focused on collecting information on stakeholders' perceptions of drought, impacts on water resources and beyond, water availability, and current drought management strategies on national and regional scales. The survey results were compared with the actual drought hazard information registered by the European Drought Observatory (EDO) for 2018 and 2019. The results highlighted high diversity in drought perception across different countries and in values of the implemented drought management strategies to alleviate impacts by increasing national and sub-national awareness and resilience. The study identifies an urgent need to further reduce drought impacts by constructing and implementing a European macro-level drought governance approach, such as a directive, which would strengthen national drought management and mitigate damage to human and natural assets.
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| 6. |
- Blauhut, Veit, et al.
(author)
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Lessons from the 2018–2019 European droughts: A collective need for unifying drought risk management
- 2021
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In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1561-8633 .- 1684-9981.
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Drought events and their impacts vary spatially and temporally due to diverse pedo-climatic and hydrologic conditions, as well as variations in exposure and vulnerability, such as demographics and response actions. While hazardous severity and frequency of past drought events have been studied in detail, little is known about the effect of drought management strategies on the actual impacts, and how the hazard is perceived by relevant stakeholders for inducing action. In a continental study, we characterised and assessed the impacts and the perceptions of two recent drought events (2018 and 2019) in Europe and examined the relationship between management strategies and drought perception, hazard and impacts. The study was based on a pan-European survey involving national representatives from 28 countries and relevant stakeholders responding to a standard questionnaire. The survey focused on collecting information on stakeholders’ perceptions of drought, impacts on water resources and beyond, water availability and current drought management strategies at national and regional scales. The survey results were compared with the actual drought hazard information registered by the European Drought Observatory (EDO) for 2018 and 2019. The results highlighted high diversity in drought perceptions across different countries and in values of implemented drought management strategies to alleviate impacts by increasing national and sub-national awareness and resilience. The study concludes with an urgent need to further reduce drought impacts by constructing and implementing a European macro-level drought governance approach, such as a directive, which would strengthen national drought management and lessen harm to human and natural potentials.
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| 7. |
- Blicharska, Malgorzata, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Environmental Conservation Challenges in a multi-sector system
- 2018
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In: Biodiverse. - Uppsala : Centrum för biologisk mångfald. - 1401-5064 .- 2002-3820. ; 23:4, s. 16-17
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Many sectors in society are involved in nature conservation issues, like agriculture, forestry and land-use planning. Coherence on a political level between these sectors is getting more and more important, not only to avoid conflict, but also to discover and develop synergies between the sectors. In our study, we see that nature conservation could be a tool for strengthening other sectors.
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| 8. |
- Blicharska, Malgorzata, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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SDG partnerships may perpetuate the global North–South divide
- 2021
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development gives equal emphasis to developed (“Northern”) countries and developing (“Southern”) countries. Thus, implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) demands coherent collaboration to transform society across all countries. Yet, there has been little research published on SDG partnerships and this is the first study to explore the extent to which partners from Northern and Southern countries are involved in them and their focus. It identifies that involvement is unequally distributed and may perpetuate the North–South divide in countries’ resources, including access to data and scientific capacities. Most notably, partners from low-income countries are involved in far fewer partnerships than partners from countries in all other World Bank income categories, although the former are least able to develop sustainably. As such, all those promoting sustainable development from governmental, private and third-sector organisations need to address global inequalities in establishing and implementing SDG partnerships if, collectively, they are to facilitate delivery of Agenda 2030.
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| 9. |
- Blicharska, Malgorzata, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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The water–energy–food–land–climate nexus : Policy coherence for sustainable resource management in Sweden
- 2023
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In: Environmental Policy and Governance. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1756-932X .- 1756-9338.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The concept of a ‘nexus’ across issues regarding the management of natural resources has gained increasing academic attention in recent years, but there is still relatively limited research on the application of the nexus approach for evaluating policies. This study analyses coherence among the main goals of five policy areas (water, energy, food, land, and climate) in Sweden, drawing upon a desk review, expert assessment, and interaction with stakeholders. The main objective is to enhance understanding of opportunities and challenges posed by such a nexus, understand policy interactions in Sweden, and provide insights into the use of policy coherence analysis as an integral part of resource nexus assessments. The analysis reveals synergies and conflicts between policy goals. For example, Sweden's environmental quality objectives (EQOs) regarding land and all the goals regarding water are either synergistic or neutral. Likewise, climate policy goals are well aligned with the goals regarding energy and ground water quality. On the other hand, the key goal for agriculture, which is food production, is the least coherent with those of the other policy areas. There are conflicts between the EQOs and goals regarding agricultural and forestry production. Stakeholders also indicate that climate goals are treated with higher priority than the goals of other policy areas. Notably, some interactions between policy goals are synergistic or conflicting depending on the context or their interpretation. Implementation of existing goals depends on relevant stakeholders' interests, priorities and interpretations, and on existing prevailing discourses in society, often supported by higher level policies.
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| 10. |
- Hakala, Kirsti, et al.
(author)
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Hydrological Modeling of Climate Change Impacts
- 2019
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In: Encyclopedia of Water. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781119300755 - 9781119300762
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hydrological climate change impact modeling is a commonly used approach to quantify potential future changes in streamflow. In this article, we present an introduction to the main steps involved in the production of such streamflow projections. We review commonly used modeling approaches to quantify climate change impacts on water resources, describe the main sources of uncertainty in hydrological projections and how to characterize them, and discuss best practices. The supplementary material includes a guide to perform typical data processing tasks involved in the production of hydrological projections. We also provide material to support teaching activities related to hydrological climate change impact modeling. The goal of this article is to support studies on climate change impacts on hydrological systems by providing guidance on working with the climate-hydrology modeling chain.
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