| 1. |
- Fraver, Shawn
(author)
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Disturbance dynamics of old-growth Picea rubens forests of northern Maine
- 2005
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In: Journal of Vegetation Science. - 1100-9233 .- 1654-1103. ; 16:5, s. 597-610
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Question: How have the spatial and temporal aspects of past disturbance shaped the current structure and composition of old-growth Picea rubens forests?Location: Northern Maine, USA.Methods: We established three 50 m x 50 m plots in old-growth Picea rubens forests and mapped the location of trees and saplings. We extracted increment cores from canopy trees, and recorded growth releases indicating past disturbance. By linking spatial data (tree positions) and temporal data (dated growth releases), we reconstructed the location and size of former canopy gaps back to 1920, and determined a more general disturbance chronology extending as far back as 1740.Results: We found no evidence of stand-replacing disturbances. The disturbance dynamic includes pulses of moderate-severity disturbances caused by wind storms and hostspecific disturbance agents (spruce budworm, spruce bark beetle) interposed upon a background of scattered smaller canopy gaps. Consequently, rates of disturbance fluctuated considerably overtime. Reconstructed canopy gaps were temporally and spatially scattered; during disturbance peaks, they were both larger and more numerous.Conclusions: Despite peaks in disturbance, several of which created relatively large gaps, this system has experienced no significant change in species composition. Instead, the shade-tolerant Picea rubens has maintained canopy dominance. The patch dynamics described here consist of dramatic structural, not compositional, changes to the forest. The persistence of Picea rubens is attributed to a combination of traits: (1) abundance of advance regeneration; (2) ability to endure suppression and respond favourably to release; and (3) longevity relative to ecologically similar species.
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| 2. |
- Søvik, Atle, et al.
(author)
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Agreeing to Disagree
- 2019
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In: Theofilos. - : NLA University College. - 1893-7969 .- 2703-7037. ; 11:2, s. 194-195
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 4. |
- Jelagin, Denis, Docent, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Asphalt layer rutting performance prediction tools
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Flexible pavement rutting due to permanent deformation accumulation in asphalt layers is one of the most common modes of road failures. In addition to creating high maintenance costs, rutting is a major concern for traffic safety, as the rut development increases the risk of hydroplaning and introduce difficulties in vehicle steering. In this context, accurate methodologies for pavement rutting performance prediction are crucial for decision support in pavement design and rehabilitation. In particular, better rutting performance models are needed to evaluate, new asphalt materials as well as to evaluate the impact of different vehicle types on roads’ service life.The main goal of this report is to present a summary of the existing asphalt rutting performance prediction tools. The present review is limited to available and/or frequently referred to tests and models with an established link to field rutting performance. Accordingly, models focusing solely on permanent deformation on the material level are beyond the framework of the present study.Road structure and its materials, heavy vehicle parameters and climate affecting rutting accumulation in the field are identified. Their significance has been evaluated based on the experimental and numerical findings reported in the literature. Several rutting performance prediction models recently proposed in the literature are summarized along with the material characterization tests used in the models. The reviewed models’ capability to quantify the influence of various structural, material and traffic parameters on the pavement’s rutting performance is examined.It is concluded that implementation of rutting performance models incorporating experimentally measured viscoelastic and permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixtures is a promising way to improve the accuracy of pavement performance predictions. In particular since they allow the effect of novel materials, e.g. polymer-modified, on the pavement’s rutting performance to be quantified.
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| 5. |
- Silvén Hagström, Anneli
(author)
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‘The stranger inside’ : suicide-related grief and ‘othering’ among teenage daughters following the loss of a father to suicide
- 2013
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In: Nordic Social Work Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 3:2, s. 185-193
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Grief research highlights risks associated with parental suicide during childhood and adolescence: mental illness, social difficulties, repeated suicide attempts and actual suicide. This article aims to explore how these ‘risks’ are constituted, by investigating the relationship between suicide-related grief and ‘othering’ in four young women’s narratives on their experiences of losing a father to suicide during adolescence. Othering works through expressions of insecurity, avoidance and outright rejection from individuals in the women’s vicinity and even family members. However, what is noteworthy is that othering is also found to work from the inside; due to their father’s norm-breaking act, the women describe themselves as actually being ‘different’ or ‘strange.’ Moreover, attempts to ‘normalise, or ‘liberate’ oneself from the suicide involves attempts to understand its reasons. The preoccupation with ‘why questions,’ thereby primarily appears to be a question of self-formation. ‘The stranger inside’ is described as the strongest impediment to seeking social support.
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| 6. |
- Felix, Cathrine Victoria
(author)
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Slips, Thoughts and Actions
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- It is possible to disagree on nearly everything when it comes to human agency. Nonetheless, certain things are written in stone. One thinks. One acts. One makes mistakes. My focus in this dissertation is on these three simple facts and the relation between them. I am fascinated by the different roles that knowledge plays with each: that is, the kind of knowledge one has of thoughts, actions, and mistakes. What can one know about the thoughts, actions, and mistakes of others, and how? How does one come to have knowledge about one’s own?
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| 7. |
- Jekell, A, et al.
(author)
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The interrelation of endothelial function and microvascular reactivity in different vascular beds, and risk assessment in hypertension: results from the Doxazosin-ramipril study
- 2019
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In: Heart and vessels. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1615-2573 .- 0910-8327. ; 34:3, s. 484-495
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are several non-invasive methods to study endothelial function, but their interrelation and association to cardiovascular risk have not been well evaluated. We studied macrovascular and microvascular endothelial function simultaneously in different vascular beds in relation to cardiovascular mortality risk (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation, SCORE) and hypertension induced cardiac organ damage, and their interrelationship. The study investigated 71 hypertensive patients by forearm post-ischemic flow-mediated vasodilation, pulse wave analysis (applanation tonometry) and beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist stimulation for changes in reflection index, skin microvascular reactivity by laser Doppler fluxmetry with iontophoresis and heat-induced hyperaemia, and coronary microvascular function by subendocardial viability ratio (derived from pulse wave analysis). Flow mediated vasodilation related inversely to SCORE (r = 0.34, P = 0.011). Adding microalbuminuria and pulse wave velocity strengthened the associations. Pulse wave reflection changes did not relate to SCORE. Skin microvascular reactivity related inversely to SCORE (peak flux change to sodium nitroprusside r = 0.29, P = 0.033, and to heating r = 0.31, P = 0.018). Subendocardial viability ratio did not relate to SCORE. Endothelial function indices showed no consistent relation to cardiac target organ damage. The agreement between the different methods for evaluating indices of macrovascular and microvascular endothelial function was weak. In conclusion, indices of macrovascular and microvascular endothelial function relate to cardiovascular mortality risk. Their use may improve cardiovascular risk prediction in hypertension. However, methods representing different vascular beds show little interrelationship and are not interchangeable, which may depend on different pathogenetic mechanisms representing different aspects of future cardiovascular risk.Trial registry: NCT02901977
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| 9. |
- Lundström, Sofie, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Health-related lifestyle and perceived health among people with severe mental illness : Gender differences and degree of sense of coherence
- 2019
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In: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - Maryland Heights, Missoury : Saunders Elsevier. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 33:2, s. 182-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- People with severe mental illness (SMI) experience an increased risk of physical ill health and premature death, which appears to be partly related to unhealthy lifestyle habits. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of health-related lifestyle habits and perceived health among people with severe mental illness. A further aim was to explore if there were any gender differences or differences based on degree of sense of coherence. The study adopted a cross-sectional design based on data from 65 people with SMI. The results show that degree of Sense of Coherence (SOC) does have relevance for perceived health and for dimensions of Quality of Life (QOL). Furthermore, among the participants with strong SOC, there were less daily smokers and they seemed to have less sedentary leisure time than those with low SOC. Men reported more anxiety/depression than women and women ate fruit more often than men, otherwise there were no gender differences. In comparison with the general population, people with SMI show a higher Body Mass Index are more sedentary, more often daily smokers, have lower SOC and perceive a lower QOL. This emphasizes the importance of health-promotion support that focuses on lifestyle changes, and support for strengthening SOC and QOL for people with SMI. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
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