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- Anderson, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Delivery of Brief Interventions for Heavy Drinking in Primary Care: Outcomes of the ODHIN 5-Country Cluster Randomized Trial
- 2017
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In: Annals of Family Medicine. - : ANNALS FAMILY MEDICINE. - 1544-1709 .- 1544-1717. ; 15:4, s. 335-340
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE We aimed to test whether 3 strategies-training and support, financial reimbursement, and an option to direct screen-positive patients to an Internet-based method of giving brief advice-have a longer-term effect on primary care clinicians delivery of screening and advice to heavy drinkers operationalized with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) tool. METHODS We undertook a cluster randomized factorial trial with a 12-week implementation period in 120 primary health care units throughout Catalonia, England, Netherlands, Poland, and Sweden. Units were randomized to 8 groups: care as usual (control); training and support alone; financial reimbursement alone; electronic brief advice alone; paired combinations of these conditions; and all 3 combined. The primary outcome was the proportion of consulting adult patients (aged 18 years and older) receiving intervention-screening and, if screen-positive, advice-at 9 months. RESULTS Based on the factorial design, the ratio of the log of the proportion of patients given intervention at the 9-month follow-up was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.03-1.88) in units that received training and support as compared with units that did not. Neither financial reimbursement nor directing screen-positive patients to electronic brief advice led to a higher proportion of patients receiving intervention. CONCLUSIONS Training and support of primary health care units has a lasting, albeit small, impact on the proportion of adult patients given an alcohol intervention at 9 months.
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| 3. |
- Kettunen-Matilainen, Erja, et al.
(author)
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Free Trade Agreements and Responsible Business: Examples from the EU's Bilateral Agreements in East and Southeast Asia
- 2018
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In: Asian Nations and Multinationals: Overcoming the Limits to Growth, ed. by Bernadette Andreosso-O’Callaghan Jacques Jaussaud M. Bruna Zolin. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030009120 ; , s. 13-28
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter analyses the impact of free trade agreements on responsible business in Asian emerging economies. We review the origins of the discussion on sustainable development in international negotiations and conventions, and explore the EU’s three FTAs with Asian countries, i.e., South Korea, Singapore and Vietnam with respect to references to corporate social responsibility and sustainable development. Our main finding is the gradual evolution of the EU’s FTAs towards including more explicit clauses on environmental and labour issues. This conforms to the idea of multilateralising regionalism, i.e., that issues may be first agreed in bilateral or regional FTAs and then gradually transferred to the multilateral level. Despite not incurring direct impacts on firms, this may serve as an institutional push for countries to address the need for responsible business in national legislation.
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| 4. |
- Sayed-Noor, Arkan S., et al.
(author)
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Fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy of the rotator cuff in stemless total shoulder arthroplasty : a prospective cohort study
- 2018
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In: Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery. - : Elsevier. - 1058-2746 .- 1532-6500. ; 27:6, s. 976-982
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The influence of preoperative rotator cuff fatty infiltration (FI) and muscle atrophy (MA) on the postoperative outcome of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) has only rarely been investigated and reported in the literature. We hypothesized that more FI and MA would be associated with a worse postoperative functional outcome.METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 63 patients (31 female and 32 male patients; mean age, 71 years [range, 53-89 years; standard deviation, 7 years]) with primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder operated on with anatomic stemless TSA. Preoperatively and at 3 months and 1 year after the operation, the functional outcome (QuickDASH [short version of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire] score) and range of motion (ROM) (goniometer) and strength (dynamometer) for abduction at the scapular plane and for external rotation were measured. The degree of preoperative FI and MA was evaluated using computed tomography scans according to the Goutallier classification and Warner classification, respectively, for the supraspinatus and infraspinatus.RESULTS: We found clinically and statistically significant improvements in functional outcome, strength, and ROM at both 3 months and 1 year of follow-up compared with those preoperatively. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) showed significant correlations between preoperative supraspinatus and infraspinatus FI and MA and preoperative and 1-year postoperative shoulder abduction and external rotation strength but not ROM. However, we found no influence of the rotator cuff FI and MA on the functional outcome after TSA.CONCLUSION: We demonstrated a significant correlation between rotator cuff FI and MA and strength but not ROM of the shoulder joint.
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