| 1. |
- Biglarnia, Ali-Reza, et al.
(author)
-
Prompt reversal of a severe complement activation by eculizumab in a patient undergoing intentional ABO-incompatible pancreas and kidney transplantation
- 2011
-
In: Transplant International. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0934-0874 .- 1432-2277. ; 24:8, s. e61-e66
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe the presumably first intentional ABO-incompatible deceased-donor kidney and pancreas transplantation with a severe antibody-mediated rejection during a rebound of isoagglutinins. Rejection was successfully treated with eculizumab, which inhibits the terminal pathway of complement. Complement analysis (C3, C3d,g, and a modified assay of classical complement-related hemolytic function) documented complement activation and confirmed that eculizumab completely blocked complement function. At 6 months, the patient had normal kidney and pancreas function, and histological evaluations revealed no evidence of sustained graft damage. This successful transplantation suggests that ABO barriers can safely be overcome without extensive preconditioning, when the complement inhibitor eculizumab is included.
|
|
| 2. |
- Elfving, Nils, et al.
(author)
-
The Arabidopsis thaliana Med25 mediator subunit integrates environmental cues to control plant development
- 2011
-
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 108:20, s. 8245-8250
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Development in plants is controlled by abiotic environmental cues such as day length, light quality, temperature, drought, and salinity. These signals are sensed by a variety of systems and transmitted by different signal transduction pathways. Ultimately, these pathways are integrated to control expression of specific target genes, which encode proteins that regulate development and differentiation. The molecular mechanisms for such integration have remained elusive. We here show that a linear 130-amino-acids-long sequence in the Med25 subunit of the Arabidopsis thaliana Mediator is a common target for the drought response element binding protein 2A, zinc finger homeodomain 1, and Myb-like transcription factors which are involved in different stress response pathways. In addition, our results show that Med25 together with drought response element binding protein 2A also function in repression of PhyB-mediated light signaling and thus integrate signals from different regulatory pathways.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Fröbert, Ole, et al.
(author)
-
Thrombus Aspiration during ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
- 2013
-
In: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 369:17, s. 1587-1597
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThe clinical effect of routine intracoronary thrombus aspiration before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is uncertain. We aimed to evaluate whether thrombus aspiration reduces mortality. MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial, with enrollment of patients from the national comprehensive Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR) and end points evaluated through national registries. A total of 7244 patients with STEMI undergoing PCI were randomly assigned to manual thrombus aspiration followed by PCI or to PCI only. The primary end point was all-cause mortality at 30 days. ResultsNo patients were lost to follow-up. Death from any cause occurred in 2.8% of the patients in the thrombus-aspiration group (103 of 3621), as compared with 3.0% in the PCI-only group (110 of 3623) (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72 to 1.22; P=0.63). The rates of hospitalization for recurrent myocardial infarction at 30 days were 0.5% and 0.9% in the two groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.07; P=0.09), and the rates of stent thrombosis were 0.2% and 0.5%, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.02; P=0.06). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the rate of stroke or neurologic complications at the time of discharge (P=0.87). The results were consistent across all major prespecified subgroups, including subgroups defined according to thrombus burden and coronary flow before PCI. ConclusionsRoutine thrombus aspiration before PCI as compared with PCI alone did not reduce 30-day mortality among patients with STEMI. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01093404.)
|
|
| 5. |
- Larsson, Mikael, 1978-, et al.
(author)
-
Identification of a small molecule that stabilizes lipoprotein lipase in vitro and lowers triglycerides in vivo
- 2014
-
In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 450:2, s. 1063-1069
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients at increased cardiovascular risk commonly display high levels of plasma triglycerides (TGs) levels, elevated LDL cholesterol, small dense LDL particles and low levels of HDL-cholesterol. Many remain at high risk even after successful statin therapy, presumably because TG levels remain high. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) maintains TG homeostasis in blood by hydrolysis of TG-rich lipoproteins. Efficient clearance of TGs is accompanied by increased levels of HDL-cholesterol and decreased levels of small dense LDL. Given the central role of LPL in lipid metabolism we sought to find small molecules that could increase LPL activity and serve as starting points for drug development efforts against cardiovascular disease. Using a small molecule screening approach we have identified small molecules that can protect LPL from inactivation by the controller protein angiopoietin-like protein 4 during incubations in vitro. One of the selected compounds, 50F10, was directly shown to preserve the active homodimer structure of LPL, as demonstrated by heparin-Sepharose chromatography. This compound tended to reduce fasting TG levels in normal rats. On injection to hypertriglyceridemic apolipoprotein A-V deficient mice the compound ameliorated the postprandial response after an olive oil gavage. This compound is a potential lead compound for the development of drugs that could reduce the residual risk associated with elevated TGs in dyslipidemia.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lindström, Eva, et al.
(author)
-
Schizofreni - läkemedelsbehandling, patientens delaktighet och vårdens organisation : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2012
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Schizofreni är i de flesta fall en kronisk och invalidiserande psykisk sjukdom. Antipsykotiska läkemedel (neuroleptika) är namnet på den grupp läkemedel som är avsedd att lindra de psykotiska symtomen som uppstår vid schizofreni. Antipsykotiska läkemedel kan indelas i första generationens antipsykotika och andra generationens antipsykotika. Denna litteraturöversikt kompletterar SBU:s systematiska översikt från år 1997 med en granskning av andra generationens antipsykotika. I översikten ingår också ett kapitel om den kunskap man idag har om hur personer med schizofreni upplever sin medverkan och sin delaktighet i behandling och vård. Dessutom ingår ett kapitel där man undersökt värdet av integrerade vårdformer för personer med olika psykiatriska tillstånd där huvuddelen av dem har schizofreni.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ludvigsson, Johnny, et al.
(author)
-
Extended evaluation of the safety and efficacy of GAD treatment of children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial
- 2011
-
In: DIABETOLOGIA. - : Springer Science Business Media. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 54:3, s. 634-640
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of alum formulated glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD(65) (GAD-alum) treatment of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes after 4 years of follow-up. Seventy children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with recent onset type 1 diabetes participated in a phase II, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients identified as possible participants attended one of eight clinics in Sweden to receive information about the study and for an eligibility check, including a medical history. Participants were randomised to one of the two treatment groups and received either a subcutaneous injection of 20 mu g of GAD-alum or placebo at baseline and 1 month later. The study was blinded to participants and investigators until month 30. The study was unblinded at 15 months to the sponsor and statistician in order to evaluate the data. At follow-up after 30 months there was a significant preservation of residual insulin secretion, as measured by C-peptide, in the group receiving GAD-alum compared with placebo. This was particularly evident in patients with andlt; 6 months disease duration at baseline. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events. We have now followed these patients for 4 years. Overall, 59 patients, 29 who had been treated with GAD-alum and 30 who had received placebo, gave their informed consent. One patient in each treatment group experienced an episode of keto-acidosis between months 30 and 48. There were no treatment-related adverse events. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in fasting C-peptide concentration from baseline to 15 months after the prime injection for all participants per protocol set. In the GAD-alum group fasting C-peptide was 0.332 +/- 0.032 nmol/l at day 1 and 0.215 +/- 0.031 nmol/l at month 15. The corresponding figures for the placebo group were 0.354 +/- 0.039 and 0.184 +/- 0.033 nmol/l, respectively. The decline in fasting C-peptide levels between day 1 and month 1, was smaller in the GAD-alum group than the placebo group. The difference between the treatment groups was not statistically significant. In those patients who were treated within 6 months of diabetes diagnosis, fasting C-peptide had decreased significantly less in the GAD-alum group than in the placebo-treated group after 4 years. Four years after treatment with GAD-alum, children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes continue to show no adverse events and possibly to show clinically relevant preservation of C-peptide. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00435981 The study was funded by The Swedish Research Council K2008-55X-20652-01-3, Barndiabetesfonden (The Swedish Child Diabetes Foundation), the Research Council of Southeast Sweden, and an unrestricted grant from Diamyd Medical AB.
|
|
| 8. |
- Moller, Anders Pape, et al.
(author)
-
Clutch-size variation in Western Palaearctic secondary hole-nesting passerine birds in relation to nest box design
- 2014
-
In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution. - 2041-210X. ; 5:4, s. 353-362
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Secondary hole-nesting birds that do not construct nest holes themselves and hence regularly breed in nest boxes constitute important model systems for field studies in many biological disciplines with hundreds of scientists and amateurs involved. Those research groups are spread over wide geographic areas that experience considerable variation in environmental conditions, and researchers provide nest boxes of varying designs that may inadvertently introduce spatial and temporal variation in reproductive parameters. We quantified the relationship between mean clutch size and nest box size and material after controlling for a range of environmental variables in four of the most widely used model species in the Western Palaearctic: great tit Parus major, blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus, pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and collared flycatcher F.albicollis from 365 populations and 79610 clutches. Nest floor area and nest box material varied non-randomly across latitudes and longitudes, showing that scientists did not adopt a random box design. Clutch size increased with nest floor area in great tits, but not in blue tits and flycatchers. Clutch size of blue tits was larger in wooden than in concrete nest boxes. These findings demonstrate that the size of nest boxes and material used to construct nest boxes can differentially affect clutch size in different species. The findings also suggest that the nest box design may affect not only focal species, but also indirectly other species through the effects of nest box design on productivity and therefore potentially population density and hence interspecific competition.
|
|
| 9. |
- Moller, Anders P., et al.
(author)
-
Variation in clutch size in relation to nest size in birds
- 2014
-
In: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 4:18, s. 3583-3595
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nests are structures built to support and protect eggs and/or offspring from predators, parasites, and adverse weather conditions. Nests are mainly constructed prior to egg laying, meaning that parent birds must make decisions about nest site choice and nest building behavior before the start of egg-laying. Parent birds should be selected to choose nest sites and to build optimally sized nests, yet our current understanding of clutch size-nest size relationships is limited to small-scale studies performed over short time periods. Here, we quantified the relationship between clutch size and nest size, using an exhaustive database of 116 slope estimates based on 17,472 nests of 21 species of hole and non-hole-nesting birds. There was a significant, positive relationship between clutch size and the base area of the nest box or the nest, and this relationship did not differ significantly between open nesting and hole-nesting species. The slope of the relationship showed significant intraspecific and interspecific heterogeneity among four species of secondary hole-nesting species, but also among all 116 slope estimates. The estimated relationship between clutch size and nest box base area in study sites with more than a single size of nest box was not significantly different from the relationship using studies with only a single size of nest box. The slope of the relationship between clutch size and nest base area in different species of birds was significantly negatively related to minimum base area, and less so to maximum base area in a given study. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that bird species have a general reaction norm reflecting the relationship between nest size and clutch size. Further, they suggest that scientists may influence the clutch size decisions of hole-nesting birds through the provisioning of nest boxes of varying sizes.
|
|
| 10. |
- Rögnvaldsson, Thorsteinn, 1963-, et al.
(author)
-
ARC13 – Assessment of Research and Coproduction : Reports from the assessment of all research at Halmstad University 2013
- 2014
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- During 2013, an evaluation of all the research conducted at Halmstad University was carried out. The purpose was to assess the quality of the research, coproduction, and collaboration in research, as well as the impact of the research. The evaluation was dubbed the Assessment of Research and Coproduction 2013, or ARC13. (Extract from Executive Summary)
|
|
| 11. |
- Storry, Jill, et al.
(author)
-
Homozygosity for a null allele of SMIM1 defines the Vel-negative blood group phenotype
- 2013
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 537-U109
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Vel antigen is present on red blood cells (RBCs) from all humans except rare Vel-negative individuals who can form antibodies to Vel in response to transfusion or pregnancy. These antibodies may cause severe hemolytic reactions in blood recipients. We combined SNP profiling and transcriptional network modeling to link the Vel-negative phenotype to SMIM1, located in a 97-kb haplotype block on chromosome 1p36. This gene encodes a previously undiscovered, evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein expressed on RBCs. Notably, 35 of 35 Vel-negative individuals were homozygous for a frameshift deletion of 17 bp in exon 3. Functional studies using antibodies raised against SMIM1 peptides confirmed a null phenotype in RBC membranes, and SMIM1 overexpression induced Vel expression. Genotype screening estimated that similar to 1 of 17 Swedish blood donors is a heterozygous deletion carrier and similar to 1 of 1,200 is a homozygous deletion knockout and enabled identification of Vel-negative donors. Our results establish SMIM1 as a new erythroid gene and Vel as a new blood group system.
|
|
| 12. |
- Abay, Simon, 1980, et al.
(author)
-
Charge transport in InAs nanowire Josephson junctions
- 2014
-
In: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969 .- 1098-0121. ; 89:21, s. 214508-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present an extensive experimental and theoretical study of the proximity effect in InAs nanowires connected to superconducting electrodes. We fabricate and investigate devices with suspended gate-controlled nanowires and nonsuspended nanowires, with a broad range of lengths and normal-state resistances. We analyze the main features of the current-voltage characteristics: the Josephson current, excess current, and subgap current as functions of length, temperature, magnetic field, and gate voltage, and compare them with theory. The Josephson critical current for a short-length device, L = 30 nm, exhibits a record high magnitude of 800 nA at low temperature that comes close to the theoretically expected value. The critical current in all other devices is typically reduced compared to the theoretical values. The excess current is consistent with the normal resistance data and agrees well with the theory. The subgap current shows a large number of structures; some of them are identified as subharmonic gap structures generated by multiple Andreev reflection. The other structures, detected in both suspended and nonsuspended devices, have the form of voltage steps at voltages that are independent of either the superconducting gap or length of the wire. By varying the gate voltage in suspended devices, we are able to observe a crossover from typical tunneling transport at large negative gate voltage, with suppressed subgap current and negative excess current, to pronounced proximity junction behavior at large positive gate voltage, with enhanced Josephson current and subgap conductance as well as a large positive excess current.
|
|
| 13. |
- Abay, Simon, 1980, et al.
(author)
-
Quantized Conductance and Its Correlation to the Supercurrent in a Nanowire Connected to Superconductors
- 2013
-
In: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 13:8, s. 3614-3617
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report conductance and supercurrent of InAs nano wires coupled to Al-superconducting electrodes with short channel lengths and good Ohmic contacts. The nanowires are suspended 15 nm above a local gate electrode. The charge density in the nanowires can be controlled by a small change in the gate voltage. For large negative gate voltages, the number of conducting channels is reduced gradually, and we observe a stepwise decrease of both conductance and critical current before the conductance vanishes completely.
|
|
| 14. |
- Abdel, Naseem S., et al.
(author)
-
Characterizations of new Delta E detectors for single-ion hit facility
- 2014
-
In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 318, s. 281-286
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes the performance evaluation of new Delta E detectors to be used as pre-cell hit detectors in living cell irradiation experiments at the Lund Ion Beam Analysis facility (LIBAF). Using these detectors with a thickness down to 4.15 mu m fabricated at Lund University, an experiment was setup in which Delta E-detectors were used together with a stop E-detector in a telescope system under coincidence measurements. The characteristics of Delta E detectors were based on the optimal detection of the passage of 2.55 MeV protons. The results of these tests demonstrate that the detector telescope clearly separates the protons, this due to high signal-to-noise ratio and good energy resolution of the Delta E-detectors. The best performing detector was shown to have a detection efficiency of 95% at thickness of 9.7 mu m. This type of high-performing detector is suitable for the planned role of the Delta E-detector in the future cell irradiation experiments. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 15. |
- Ahlund, Mikael
(author)
-
Landskapets röster : Studier i Elias Martins bildvärld
- 2011
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is about the Swedish landscape painter Elias Martin (1739-1818). The main interest is in his depictions of nature, landscape images and topographical views. Chronologically, it covers the period 1760 to 1810. The first part puts Martin's artistic achievement in a historiographic perspective and presents an overview of his artistic career - from his birthplace Stockholm to Paris and from there to London, where he successfully established himself on the English art scene in the 1770s. Returning to his native Sweden in 1780, he soon emerged as the country's leading landscapist of the period.In the second part of the thesis, a study is presented of Martin's relationship to the art markets of England and Sweden, and in the third an attempt is made, through the medium of a specific genre of Swedish eighteenth-century literature - travel writings - to gain a deeper insight into the attitudes and values of the period. Here, the focus of interest is on different ways of viewing nature and landscape art in Sweden in the late eighteenth century. On the basis of this discussion, an attempt is made to reconstruct a Swedish 'period eye', specific to the upper-class culture of the Gustavian age.These discussions of the importance of the market and of a Swedish period eye form the basis for an answer to the overarching question of this thesis, concerning the relationship between Martin's images and contemporary perceptions of nature. From the conclusions drawn, it becomes clear that different ways of relating to landscape existed side by side. The attitudes discernible in the artist's pictures, as in the travel writings of the period, are diverse and contradictory, complicating an understanding of the eighteenth century's view of nature as something uniform. Elias Martin's art thus illuminates the many vantage points and variations in the Gustavian era's feeling for nature.
|
|
| 16. |
- Aibinu, A.M., et al.
(author)
-
Vascular intersection detection in retina fundus images using a new hybrid approach
- 2010
-
In: Computers in Biology and Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0010-4825 .- 1879-0534. ; 40:1, s. 81-89
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of vascular intersection aberration as one of the signs when monitoring and diagnosing diabetic retinopathy from retina fundus images (FIs) has been widely reported in the literature. In this paper, a new hybrid approach called the combined cross-point number (CCN) method able to detect the vascular bifurcation and intersection points in FIs is proposed. The CCN method makes use of two vascular intersection detection techniques, namely the modified cross-point number (MCN) method and the simple cross-point number (SCN) method. Our proposed approach was tested on images obtained from two different and publicly available fundus image databases. The results show a very high precision, accuracy, sensitivity and low false rate in detecting both bifurcation and crossover points compared with both the MCN and the SCN methods.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Almazidou, Maria, et al.
(author)
-
Maria-mottagningarna i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö - Ungdomar i öppenvård år 2013
- 2014
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Trestad2 är en nationell satsning där de tre städerna Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö samarbetar för att minska användandet av cannabis bland ungdomar. Inom ramen för projektet har det skapats en modell för att identifiera och följa trender i de tre storstäderna vad gäller droganvändning och psykosocial situation för ungdomar som påbörjar behandling för missbruksproblem. Framtagandet av relevanta indikatorer har skett i nära samarbete mellan praktiker och forskare utifrån en sammanvägning av forskningsmässiga, metodologiska och kliniskt betydelsefulla utgångspunkter. Underlaget utgörs av uppgifter om 788 ungdomar som inledde öppenvårdsbehandling vid någon av städernas Maria-mottagningar under år 2013 och har inhämtats med intervjumetoden UngDOK.Sammanställningen av indikatorer visar att flickor utgör cirka en fjärdedel av det totala antalet ungdomar som påbörjar öppenvård för problem med alkohol eller narkotika. Ungdomarnas medianålder när vårdkontakten inleds är 17 år och mer än hälften av ungdomarna har kommit i kontakt med Maria-mottagningarna via eget eller nätverkets initiativ. Nästan två tredjedelar av ungdomarna uppger att de har eller har haft omfattande problem under sin skolgång och cirka en tiondel av ungdomarna varken studerar, arbetar eller praktiserar. Drygt tre fjärdedelar av ungdomarna anger cannabis som sin primära drog, men nästan hälften av dem har även en riskfylld alkoholkonsumtion. Den genomsnittliga debutåldern för den primära drogen är 15 år. Ungefär en fjärdedel av ungdomarna har tidigare fått vård och behandling för alkohol- eller narkotikaproblem. Förekomsten av besvärliga uppväxtvillkor är hög hos ungdomarna och över hälften av dem har erfarenheter av att ha växt upp med våld, psykiska problem och/eller missbruk i familjen. Drygt en tredjedel av samtliga ungdomar har eller har haft kontakt med den psykiatriska vården.Vissa skillnader mellan de tre städernas Maria-mottagningar kan identifieras. Ungdomarna som påbörjar kontakt med mottagningen i Stockholm verkar ha problem av något lindrigare art jämfört med Göteborg och Malmö och utgör mindre andelar både när det gäller komplicerande bakgrundsfaktorer och nuvarande problembeteenden. Det finns även mindre skillnader i åldersstrukturen i de tre städerna, där Stockholm har fler ungdomar under 18 år medan både Göteborg och Malmö har fler som är över 18 år. Det finns även vissa könsskillnader genom att flickorna i samtliga tre städer tycks ha en tyngre problematik i jämförelse med pojkarna. Flickorna saknar i högre grad sysselsättning, anger oftare problem i skolan, har haft svårare uppväxtvillkor och har i större utsträckning haft kontakt med psykiatrin i jämförelse med pojkarna.Att sammanställa och rapportera deskriptiva indikatorer om individer som påbörjar behandling för alkohol- och narkotikaproblem kan ha flera fördelar. En sådan är att informationen kan ligga till grund för en ökad förståelse av ungdomars alkohol- och narkotikaanvändning och dess omfattning. Även om rapportens uppgifter inte är heltäckande, beskriver den en större population av svenska ungdomar med en problematisk användning av alkohol och droger. Föreliggande rapport är således en första ansats till att ge en sammanfattande bild av de ungdomar som påbörjar behandling vid Maria-mottagningarnas öppenvård i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö.
|
|
| 19. |
- Andéhn, Mikael, 1982-
(author)
-
Place-of-Origin Effects on Brand Equity : Explicating the evaluative pertinence of product categories and association strength
- 2013
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The country-of-origin effect - the alteration of judgment derived from an association to a place, is a much studied phenomenon with great potential implications for brand management and international marketing. However, in light of criticism towards the lack of conceptual development the extant literature, the relevance of the effect has been brought into question.Through an exploration of the psychology of the association between brands and places, the country-of-origin effect is reimagined focusing on the role of association strength as well as how the interplay between place and product categories can shape consumer attitudes.The results of a series of psychometric tests suggest that association strength and the interplay between place and product category constitute antecedent conditions that are crucial for determining if a country-of-origin effect will occur. These findings, and their implications for future research as well as for practice, suggest that a reevaluation of the country-of-origin effect with a widening of the scope to encompass the commercial relevance of place writ large is warranted.
|
|
| 20. |
- Andersson, Louise, 1979, et al.
(author)
-
Role of EphA4 receptor signaling in thyroid development: regulation of folliculogenesis and propagation of the C-cell lineage.
- 2011
-
In: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 152:3, s. 1154-64
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Transcriptome analysis revealed that the tyrosine kinase receptor EphA4 is enriched in the thyroid bud in mouse embryos. We used heterozygous EphA4-EGFP knock-in mice in which enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) replaced the intracellular receptor domain (EphA4(+/EGFP)) to localize EphA4 protein in thyroid primordial tissues. This showed that thyroid progenitors originating in the pharyngeal floor express EphA4 at all embryonic stages and when follicles are formed in late development. Also, the ultimobranchial bodies developed from the pharyngeal pouch endoderm express EphA4, but the ultimobranchial epithelium loses the EGFP signal before it merges with the median thyroid primordium. Embryonic C cells invading the thyroid are exclusively EphA4-negative. EphA4 expression continues in the adult thyroid. EphA4 knock-out mice and EphA4-EGFP homozygous mutants are euthyroid and have a normal thyroid anatomy but display subtle histological alterations regarding number, size, and shape of follicles. Of particular interest, the pattern of follicular abnormality differs between EphA4(-/-) and EphA4(EGFP/EGFP) thyroids. In addition, the number of C cells is reduced by >50% exclusively in animals lacking EphA4 forward signaling (EphA4(EGFP/EGFP)). Heterozygous EphA4 mutants have no apparent thyroid phenotype. We conclude that EphA4 is a novel regulator of thyroid morphogenesis that impacts on postnatal development of the two endocrine cell lineages of the differentiating gland. In this process both EphA4 forward signaling (in the follicular epithelium) and reverse signaling mediated by its cognate ligand(s) (A- and/or B-ephrins expressed in follicular cells and C cells, respectively) are probably functionally important.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Ardö, Håkan, et al.
(author)
-
Flow Counting Using Realboosted Multi-sized Window Detectors
- 2012
-
In: Computer Vision – ECCV 2012. Workshops and Demonstrations : Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part III - Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part III. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783642338847 - 9783642338854 ; 7585, s. 193-202
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One classic approach to real-time object detection is to use adaboost to a train a set of look up tables of discrete features. By utilizing a discrete feature set, from features such as local binary patterns, efficient classifiers can be designed. However, these classifiers include interpolation operations while scaling the images over various scales. In this work, we propose the use of real valued weak classifiers which are designed on different scales in order to avoid costly interpolations. The use of real valued weak classifiers in combination with the proposed method avoiding interpolation leads to substantially faster detectors compared to baseline detectors. Furthermore, we investigate the speed and detection performance of such classifiers and their impact on tracking performance. Results indicate that the realboost framework combined with the proposed scaling framework achieves an 80% speed up over adaboost with bilinear interpolation.
|
|
| 23. |
- Ardö, Håkan, et al.
(author)
-
Reduced Search Space for Rapid Bicycle Detection
- 2013
-
In: [Host publication title missing]. - : SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes a solution to the application of rapid detection of bicycles in low resolution video. In particular, the application addressed is from video recorded in a live environment. The future aim from the results in this paper is to investigate a full year of video data. Hence, processing speed is of great concern. The proposed solution involves the use of an object detector and a search space reduction method based on prior knowledge regarding the application at hand. The method using prior knowledge utilizes random sample consensus, and additional statistical analysis on detection outputs, in order to define a reduced search space. It is experimentally shown that, in the application addressed, it is possible to reduce the full search space by 62% with the proposed methodology. This approach, which employs a full detector in combination with the design of a simple and fast model that can capture prior knowledge for a specific application, leads to a reduced search space and thereby a significantly improved processing speed.
|
|
| 24. |
- Ardö, Håkan, et al.
(author)
-
Superpixel based road user tracker
- 2014
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Abstract A superpixel based tracker is tested on the two Tracking sequences from PDTV [7], Minsk and Sherbrooke. It detects all vehicles from the Minsk dataset although a few of them are splitted. The pedestrians are too small and thus all missed. The results for the Sherbrooke are not as good, especially in the areas far way from the camera where the intersection s viewed at a low angle. Also the sign in the foreground causes misses.
|
|
| 25. |
- Arja, Katriann, et al.
(author)
-
Enhanced Fluorescent Assignment of Protein Aggregates by an Oligothiophene-Porphyrin-Based Amyloid Ligand
- 2013
-
In: Macromolecular rapid communications. - : Wiley-VCH Verlag. - 1022-1336 .- 1521-3927. ; 34:9, s. 723-730
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluorescent probes identifying protein aggregates are of great interest, as deposition of aggregated proteins is associated with many devastating diseases. Here, we report that a fluorescent amyloid ligand composed of two distinct molecular moieties, an amyloidophilic pentameric oligothiophene and a porphyrin, can be utilized for spectral and lifetime imaging assessment of recombinant A 1-42 amyloid fibrils and A deposits in brain tissue sections from a transgenic mouse model with Alzheimers disease pathology. The enhanced spectral range and distinct lifetime diversity of this novel oligothiopheneporphyrin-based ligand allow a more precise assessment of heterogeneous amyloid morphology compared with the corresponding oligothiophene dye.
|
|
| 26. |
- Asplund, Mikael, 1981-
(author)
-
Disconnected Discoveries: Availability Studies in Partitioned Networks
- 2011
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is concerned with exploring methods for making computing systems more resilient to problems in the network communication, both in the setting of existing infrastructure but also in the case where no infrastructure is available. Specifically, we target a situation called network partitions which means that a computer or device network is split in two or more parts that cannot communicate with each other.The first of the two tracks in the thesis is concerned with upholding system availability during a network partition even when there are integrity constraints on data. This means that the system will optimistically accept requests since it is impossible to coordinate nodes that have no means of communicating during finite intervals; thus requiring a reconciliation process to take place once the network is healed.We provide several different algorithms for reconciling divergent states of the nodes, one of which is able to allow the system to continue accepting operations during the reconciliation phase as opposed to having to stop all invocations. The algorithms are evaluated analytically, proving correctness and the conditions for termination. The performance of the algorithms has been analysed using simulations and as a middleware plugin in an emulated setting.The second track considers more extreme conditions where the network is partitioned by its nature. The nodes move around in an area and opportunistically exchange messages with nodes that they meet. This as a model of the situation in a disaster area where the telecommunication networks are disabled. This scenario poses a number of challenges where protocols need to be both partition-tolerant and energy-efficient to handle node mobility, while still providing good delivery and latency properties.We analyse worst-case latency for message dissemination in such intermittently connected networks. Since the analysis is highly dependent on the mobility of the nodes, we provide a model for characterising connectivity of dynamic networks. This model captures in an abstract way how fast a protocol can spread a message in such a setting. We show how this model can be derived analytically as well as from actual trace files.Finally, we introduce a manycast protocol suited for disaster area networks. This protocol has been evaluated using simulations which shows that it provides very good performance under the circumstances, and it has been implemented as a proof-of-concept on real hardware.
|
|
| 27. |
- Banke, Elin, et al.
(author)
-
Superantigen activates the gp130 receptor on adipocytes resulting in altered adipocyte metabolism.
- 2014
-
In: Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-8600. ; 63:6, s. 831-840
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is part of the normal bacterial flora and produces a repertoire of enterotoxins which can cause food poisoning and toxic shock and might contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. These enterotoxins directly cross-link the T cell receptor with MHC class II, activating large amounts of T cells and are therefore called superantigens. It was recently discovered that the superantigen SEA binds to the cytokine receptor gp130. As obesity and type 2 diabetes are highly associated with inflammation of the adipose tissue and gp130 has been shown to play an important role in adipocytes, we wanted to investigate the effect of SEA on adipocyte signaling and function.
|
|
| 28. |
- Bartunek, Josef Strom, et al.
(author)
-
Adaptive Fingerprint Image Enhancement with Emphasis on Preprocessing of Data
- 2013
-
In: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. - : IEEE. - 1941-0042 .- 1057-7149. ; 22:2, s. 644-656
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article proposes several improvements to an adaptive fingerprint enhancement method that is based on contextual filtering. The term adaptive implies that parameters of the method are automatically adjusted based on the input fingerprint image. Five processing blocks comprise the adaptive fingerprint enhancement method, where four of these blocks are updated in our proposed system. Hence, the proposed overall system is novel. The four updated processing blocks are; preprocessing, global analysis, local analysis and matched filtering. In the pre-processing and local analysis blocks, a nonlinear dynamic range adjustment method is used. In the global analysis and matched filtering blocks, different forms of order statistical filters are applied. These processing blocks yield an improved and new adaptive fingerprint image processing method. The performance of the updated processing blocks is presented in the evaluation part of this paper. The algorithm is evaluated towards the NIST developed NBIS software for fingerprint recognition on FVC databases.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
- Berglund, Lisa, et al.
(author)
-
Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Regulates Osteopontin Expression in Arterial Smooth Muscle in Response to Diabetes-Induced Hyperglycemia
- 2010
-
In: ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY. - Baltimore : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1079-5642. ; 30, s. 154-218
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective-Hyperglycemia is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Recently, we reported that high glucose activates the Ca2+/calcineurin-dependent transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in arteries ex vivo. Here, we sought to determine whether hyperglycemia activates NFAT in vivo and whether this leads to vascular complications. Methods and Results-An intraperitoneal glucose-tolerance test in mice increased NFATc3 nuclear accumulation in vascular smooth muscle. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes resulted in increased NFATc3 transcriptional activity in arteries of NFAT-luciferase transgenic mice. Two NFAT-responsive sequences in the osteopontin (OPN) promoter were identified. This proinflammatory cytokine has been shown to exacerbate atherosclerosis and restenosis. Activation of NFAT resulted in increased OPN mRNA and protein in native arteries. Glucose-induced OPN expression was prevented by the ectonucleotidase apyrase, suggesting a mechanism involving the release of extracellular nucleotides. The calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A or the novel NFAT blocker A-285222 prevented glucose-induced OPN expression. Furthermore, diabetes resulted in higher OPN expression, which was significantly decreased by in vivo treatment with A-285222 for 4 weeks or prevented in arteries from NFATc3(-/-) mice. Conclusions-These results identify a glucose-sensitive transcription pathway in vivo, revealing a novel molecular mechanism that may underlie vascular complications of diabetes.
|
|
| 31. |
- Betz, Mattias J., et al.
(author)
-
Presence of Brown Adipocytes in Retroperitoneal Fat From Patients With Benign Adrenal Tumors: Relationship With Outdoor Temperature
- 2013
-
In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 98:10, s. 4097-4104
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a metabolically highly active organ with increased thermogenic activity in rodents exposed to cold temperature. Recently its presence in the cervical adipose tissue of human adults and its association with a favorable metabolic phenotype have been reported. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of retroperitoneal BAT in human adults. Patients: Fifty-seven patients who underwent surgery for benign adrenal tumors were included in this study. Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of retroperitoneal BAT adjacent to the removed adrenal tumor as determined by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein and mRNA expression was measured. Results: Using protein and mRNA expression analysis, we detected UCP1 protein in 26 of 57 patients (45.6%) as well as high mRNA expression of genes characteristic for brown adipocytes, independent of the adrenal tumor type. The presence of brown adipocytes within the retroperitoneal fat was associated with a significantly lower outdoor temperature during the month prior to surgery. Importantly, UCP1 expression on both mRNA and protein level was inversely correlated to outdoor temperature, whereas body mass index, sex, age, and diabetes status were not. Conclusions: These findings suggest that human retroperitoneal adipose tissue can acquire a BAT phenotype, thereby adapting to environmental challenges. These adaptive processes might provide a valuable therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance.
|
|
| 32. |
- Blomfeldt, Thomas O. J., et al.
(author)
-
Thermal Conductivity and Combustion Properties of Wheat Gluten Foams
- 2012
-
In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 4:3, s. 1629-1635
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Freeze-dried wheat gluten foams were evaluated with respect to their thermal and fire-retardant properties, which are important for insulation applications. The thermal properties were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry, the laser flash method and a hot plate method. The unplasticised foam showed a similar specific heat capacity, a lower thermal diffusivity and a slightly higher thermal conductivity than conventional rigid polystyrene and polyurethane insulation foams. Interestingly, the thermal conductivity was similar to that of closed cell polyethylene and glass-wool insulation materials. Cone calorimetry showed that, compared to a polyurethane foam, both unplasticised and glycerol-plasticised foams had a significantly longer time to ignition, a lower effective heat of combustion and a higher char content. Overall, the unplasticised foam showed better fire-proof properties than the plasticized foam. The UL 94 test revealed that the unplasticised foam did not drip (form droplets of low viscous material) and, although the burning times varied, self-extinguished after flame removal. To conclude both the insulation and fire-retardant properties were very promising for the wheat gluten foam.
|
|
| 33. |
- Borysiuk, Maciek, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of a setup for pNRA at LIBAF for applications in geosciences
- 2014
-
In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 332, s. 202-206
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new setup for photon tagged nuclear reaction analysis pNRA is being developed at Lund's ion beam analysis facility LIBAF. Particle induced gamma ray emission PIGE and nuclear reaction analysis NRA are two methods that have been extensively used for light isotope measurement in ion beam analysis IBA. There is an abundance of nuclear reactions between light elements and MeV protons, deuterons and alpha particles. This means that in principle all elements from lithium all the way up to chlorine can be analyzed using those techniques. Detection limits can be improved for some elements, if those two methods are fused together into pNRA. The new setup for pNRA will benefit from advances in detector technology that occurred during the last 20 years. A LaBr3 scintillator detector and an annular double sided silicon strip detector DSSSD are used in coincidence to detect a gamma and a charged particle respectively. Both detectors are connected to a VME based data acquisition system. Of primary interest in this work is the analysis of isotopic ratios of light elements in geological samples, which are usually thick with a complex matrix. This setup can be for instance used to measure isotopic fractionation of oxygen and boron. We will present the setup and discuss its capabilities. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 34. |
- Borysiuk, Maciek, et al.
(author)
-
Hydrogen analysis and profiling with a position sensitive detector
- 2013
-
In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 306, s. 49-53
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The double sided silicon strip detector (DSSSD) is a segmented silicon detector commonly used in the fields of high energy physics and nuclear physics. This type of detector is used for analysis of reactions produced by charged particles. This makes it well suited for a number of analytical methods commonly used in ion beam analysis (IBA), such as Rutherford Backscattering (RBS) and elastic recoil detection (ERDA). One such detector was installed and tested at Lund Ion Beam Analysis Facility (LIBAF) recently. This is a modification to the existing setup used to measure hydrogen concentrations and depth profiles. When completed it will be used primarily for geological applications. Exact knowledge of the hydrogen content is important in a number of fields, but high enough accuracy can be difficult to achieve with most methods. In IBA normally some variant of ERDA, such as the proton-proton (p-p) coincidence method is used. We describe how the p-p coincidence technique was optimized to get the most out of our experimental setup. Previously this type of spectroscopy has been performed with two detector channels. In the present setup we expand that number from 2 to 96 channels, 64 on the front and 32 on the back of the detector. The intersecting strips give 2048 distinct detector elements or 1024 possible coincidences as dictated by the reaction kinematics. This increase in complexity requires a more detailed data analysis but it rewards us with higher sensitivity and a better background suppression. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 35. |
- Borysiuk, Maciek, et al.
(author)
-
Optimization of O-18 measurement using NRA for studies of isotopic content in fossil meteorites
- 2011
-
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 269:20, s. 2229-2232
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work, we discuss the possibility of a new approach to measuring oxygen isotope ratios in fossil meteorite samples, specifically one based on nuclear reaction analysis (NRA). Variations of oxygen ratios within meteoritic chromite grains can help to determine the type of meteorite to which the grains originally belonged. In this work, we have evaluated the possibility to use the reaction O-18(p, alpha)N-15 just above the 846 keV resonance to estimate the relative oxygen-18 content in a number of test samples. Another technique has to be employed for oxygen-16 measurements. A large area segmented silicon detector is used to detect the produced alpha particles. Results of the experimental O-18 measurements for a number of samples including four extraterrestrial chromite grains are presented and compared with SIMNRA simulations. The advantage of a segmented silicon detector in the form of inherent pile-up suppression can be clearly seen in the current work. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 36. |
- Brinkmalm, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
An online nano-LC-ESI-FTICR-MS method for comprehensive characterization of endogenous fragments from amyloid β and amyloid precursor protein in human and cat cerebrospinal fluid.
- 2012
-
In: Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS. - : Wiley. - 1096-9888 .- 1076-5174. ; 47:5, s. 591-603
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor protein to amyloid β (Aβ), the main constituent of senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Endogenous Aβ peptides reflect the APP processing, and greater knowledge of different APP degradation pathways is important to understand the mechanism underlying AD pathology. When one analyzes longer Aβ peptides by low-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), mainly long b-fragments are observed, limiting the possibility to determine variations such as amino acid variants or post-translational modifications (PTMs) within the N-terminal half of the peptide. However, by using electron capture dissociation (ECD), we obtained a more comprehensive sequence coverage for several APP/Aβ peptide species, thus enabling a deeper characterization of possible variants and PTMs. Abnormal APP/Aβ processing has also been described in the lysosomal storage disease Niemann-Pick type C and the major large animal used for studying this disease is cat. By ECD MS/MS, a substitution of Asp7 → Glu in cat Aβ was identified. Further, sialylated core 1 like O-glycans at Tyr10, recently discovered in human Aβ (a previously unknown glycosylation type), were identified also in cat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is therefore likely that this unusual type of glycosylation is common for (at least) species belonging to the magnorder Boreoeutheria. We here describe a detailed characterization of endogenous APP/Aβ peptide species in CSF by using an online top-down MS-based method.
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Brownstein, Catherine A., et al.
(author)
-
An international effort towards developing standards for best practices in analysis, interpretation and reporting of clinical genome sequencing results in the CLARITY Challenge
- 2014
-
In: Genome Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 15:3, s. R53-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: There is tremendous potential for genome sequencing to improve clinical diagnosis and care once it becomes routinely accessible, but this will require formalizing research methods into clinical best practices in the areas of sequence data generation, analysis, interpretation and reporting. The CLARITY Challenge was designed to spur convergence in methods for diagnosing genetic disease starting from clinical case history and genome sequencing data. DNA samples were obtained from three families with heritable genetic disorders and genomic sequence data were donated by sequencing platform vendors. The challenge was to analyze and interpret these data with the goals of identifying disease-causing variants and reporting the findings in a clinically useful format. Participating contestant groups were solicited broadly, and an independent panel of judges evaluated their performance. Results: A total of 30 international groups were engaged. The entries reveal a general convergence of practices on most elements of the analysis and interpretation process. However, even given this commonality of approach, only two groups identified the consensus candidate variants in all disease cases, demonstrating a need for consistent fine-tuning of the generally accepted methods. There was greater diversity of the final clinical report content and in the patient consenting process, demonstrating that these areas require additional exploration and standardization. Conclusions: The CLARITY Challenge provides a comprehensive assessment of current practices for using genome sequencing to diagnose and report genetic diseases. There is remarkable convergence in bioinformatic techniques, but medical interpretation and reporting are areas that require further development by many groups.
|
|
| 39. |
- Brynolfsson, Patrik, et al.
(author)
-
ADC texture-An imaging biomarker for high-grade glioma?
- 2014
-
In: Medical physics (Lancaster). - : Wiley. - 0094-2405. ; 41:10, s. 101903-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose:Survival for high-grade gliomas is poor, at least partly explained by intratumoral heterogeneity contributing to treatment resistance. Radiological evaluation of treatment response is in most cases limited to assessment of tumor size months after the initiation of therapy. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its estimate of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) has been widely investigated, as it reflects tumor cellularity and proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate texture analysis of ADC images in conjunction with multivariate image analysis as a means for identification of pretreatment imaging biomarkers.Methods:Twenty-three consecutive high-grade glioma patients were treated with radiotherapy (2 Gy/60 Gy) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. ADC maps and T1-weighted anatomical images with and without contrast enhancement were collected prior to treatment, and (residual) tumor contrast enhancement was delineated. A gray-level co-occurrence matrix analysis was performed on the ADC maps in a cuboid encapsulating the tumor in coronal, sagittal, and transversal planes, giving a total of 60 textural descriptors for each tumor. In addition, similar examinations and analyses were performed at day 1, week 2, and week 6 into treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce dimensionality of the data, and the five largest components (scores) were used in subsequent analyses. MRI assessment three months after completion of radiochemotherapy was used for classifying tumor progression or regression.Results:The score scatter plots revealed that the first, third, and fifth components of the pretreatment examinations exhibited a pattern that strongly correlated to survival. Two groups could be identified: one with a median survival after diagnosis of 1099 days and one with 345 days, p = 0.0001.Conclusions:By combining PCA and texture analysis, ADC texture characteristics were identified, which seems to hold pretreatment prognostic information, independent of known prognostic factors such as age, stage, and surgical procedure. These findings encourage further studies with a larger patient cohort. (C) 2014 Author(s).
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
- Butt, Naveed, et al.
(author)
-
Classification of Raman Spectra to Detect Hidden Explosives
- 2011
-
In: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. - : IEEE. - 1545-598X. ; 8:3, s. 517-521
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Raman spectroscopy is a laser-based vibrational technique that can provide spectral signatures unique to a multitude of compounds. The technique is gaining widespread interest as a method for detecting hidden explosives due to its sensitivity and ease of use. In this letter, we present a computationally efficient classification scheme for accurate standoff identification of several common explosives using visible-range Raman spectroscopy. Using real measurements, we evaluate and modify a recent correlation-based approach to classify Raman spectra from various harmful and commonplace substances. The results show that the proposed approach can, at a distance of 30 m, or more, successfully classify measured Raman spectra from several explosive substances, including nitromethane, trinitrotoluene, dinitrotoluene, hydrogen peroxide, triacetone triperoxide, and ammonium nitrate.
|
|
| 42. |
- Butt, Naveed R., et al.
(author)
-
An Improved Classification Scheme for Standoff Detection of Explosives via Raman Spectroscopy
- 2010
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Raman spectroscopy is a laser-based vibrational tech- nique that can provide spectral signatures unique to a multitude of compounds. The technique is gaining widespread interest as a method for detecting hidden explosives due to its sensitivity and ease of use. In this work, we present a computationally e±cient clas- si¯cation scheme for accurate stando® identi¯cation of several common explosives using visible-range Raman spectroscopy. Using real measurements, we evaluate and modify a recent correlation-based approach to classify Raman spectra from various both harmful and commonplace substances. The results show that the proposed approach can, at a distance of 30 me- ters, or more, successfully classify measured Raman spectra from several explosive substances, including Nitromethane, TNT, DNT, Hydrogen Peroxide, TATP and Ammonium Nitrate.
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Chen, Fei, et al.
(author)
-
Chitosan extrusion at high solids content : An orthogonal experimental design study
- 2014
-
In: Polymers from Renewable Resources. - : SAGE Publications. - 2041-2479 .- 2045-1377. ; 5:1, s. 1-12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For economic reasons and to save time there is a need to shorten the drying operation associated with the production of chitosan materials. Hence it is of interest to extrude chitosan at as high a solids content as possible. This is, to our knowledge, the first systematic study of the extrusion of chitosan at high solids content (60 wt%). An orthogonal experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of processing conditions and material factors on the extrudability of chitosan. This, together with the examination of the evenness and surface finish of the extrudate, made it possible to determine the best conditions for obtaining a readily extrudable high quality material. It was observed that a 1/1 ratio of chitosans with molar masses of 12 and 133 kDa, a process liquid containing 30 wt% acetic acid and 70 wt% water, and extrusion at 50 rpm and 50°C were the optimal material and processing conditions. Materials processed under these conditions were evaluated mechanically at different times after extrusion (stored at 50% RH) in order to see when the properties stabilized. Most mass loss occurred within the first three days after extrusion and this governed the mechanical properties (stiffness and extensibility), which also exhibited the largest changes within these three days (an increase in modulus from 18 to 830 MPa and a decrease in elongation at break from 17 to 3%).
|
|
| 46. |
- Christensson, Mikael, et al.
(author)
-
Bottenfaunan i Gävleborgs län 2011 - En undersökning av 33 lokaler i rinnande vatten och en sjölitoral
- 2012
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- På uppdrag av länsstyrelsen i Gävleborgs län har Medins Biologi AB analyserat ochutvärderat bottenfaunaprover från 34 lokaler. Proverna togs under sommaren och hösten2011. Fältarbetet utfördes av länsstyrelsen och Hudiksvalls kommun. Undersökningenomfattade nio lokaler i länets återkommande regionala miljöövervakningsprogram och25 lokaler ingår i kalkeffektuppföljngsprogrammet. Syftet är att övervaka miljötillståndeti länets vattendrag samt utgöra underlagsmaterial för statusbedömning av vattenförekomsterenligt vattendirektivet. Resultaten kan också användas för avstämning motmiljömålen "Levande sjöar och vattendrag", "Ingen övergödning", "Bara naturlig försurning"och "Biologisk mångfald".
|
|
| 47. |
- Cortés-González, Jeff R, et al.
(author)
-
Early salvage radiation therapy combined with short-term hormonal therapy in recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: Single-institution 4-year data on outcome, toxicity, health-related quality of life and co-morbidities from 184 consecutive patients treated with 70 Gy.
- 2013
-
In: International journal of oncology. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1791-2423 .- 1019-6439. ; 42:1, s. 109-17
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the role of 70Gy salvage radiotherapy (SRT) combined with short-term neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) in the treatment of recurrent disease after radical prostatectomy (RP), and to consider quality of life (QoL), survival outcomes and impact of co-morbidities on treatment-related rectal-genitourinary toxicity. Electronic records of 184 SRT patients treated consecutively between October 2001 and February 2007 were analyzed. Median age was 64 years (median follow-up 48months). NHT was given to 165 patients (median 3 months). Pre-RP and pre-SRT PSA, PSA doubling time, Gleason score (GS), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) and detectable post-SRT PSA were recorded. Any detectable PSA or PSA >0.1 ng/ml + nadir was considered biochemical failure (BcF). The Charlson co-morbidity index was used to correlate co-morbidities and rectal-genitourinary toxicity. Scores from the health-related QoL EORTC QLQ-C30 and PR-25 questionnaires were also evaluated. In 116 (63%) patients, a long-lasting curative effect was indicated by undetectable PSA levels. In univariate analysis, using BcF as an outcome variable, p<0.001 was found for GS, pre-SRT PSA, SVI and detectable post-SRT PSA. Multivariate analysis showed p=0.01 for SVI, p=0.09 for GS, and detectable post-SRT PSA (p=0.01); with metastases as an outcome variable, only SVI was significant (p=0.007). Cancer-specific and overall survival were 99 and 95%, respectively. Although microscopy showed SVI or GS 8-10 in the prostatectomy specimens 17/40(43%) and 13/29 (45%), respectively, of patients still showed undetectable PSA at long-term follow-up (median 55 months) after SRT. Likewise, 11/31 (36%) patients with pre-SRT PSA >1.0 ng/ml and 80/134 (60%) patients with PSA doubling time (PSADT) <10 still showed undetectable PSA after 50 months. Slightly elevated acute and late rectal-genitourinary grade 3-4 toxicity was observed. No association with co-morbidity/toxicity was found. EORTC QLQ-C30 scores were similar to or slightly better than reference values. SRT with 70 Gy combined with 3-month NHT results in long-term undetectable PSA in >50% of patients with recurrence after RP with acceptable rectal-genitourinary toxicity and without negatively affecting long-term QoL. Non-metastatic patients should not be disqualified from receiving SRT although presenting with poor prognostic factors at surgery.
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
- del Rio, J. S., et al.
(author)
-
CEPA: A LaBr 3 (Ce)/LaCl 3 (Ce) phoswich array for simultaneous detection of protons and gamma radiation emitted in reactions at relativistic energies
- 2014
-
In: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2101-6275 .- 2100-014X. ; 66
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A prototype CEPA4, made of four optically isolated phoswich-crystals of LaBr3(Ce)+LaCl3(Ce) packed together in one can of Al, was tested with high energy protons (70-230 MeV) at the cyclotron of Krakow. Further, the response to different gamma radiation standard sources and cosmic muons was determined. Shape analysis of the pulses derived from the four individually coupled PM-tubes was performed and were used as input functions for Monte Carlo simulations in order to simulate the efficiencies and resolutions of a final detector design consisting of 750 such phoswich crystals arranged in a cylindrical disc. © Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2014.
|
|
| 50. |
- del Rio, J. S., et al.
(author)
-
CEPA: A LaBr3(Ce)/LaCl3(Ce) Phoswich array for simultaneous detection of protons and gamma radiation emitted in reactions at relativistic energies
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series. Applications of Nuclear Techniques (CRETE13). - 2010-1945. ; 27, s. 1460143-
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A sophisticated design of 750 LaBr3(Ce):LaCl3(Ce) phoswich crystals (CEPA10) with a segmentation determined by the Doppler correction and an energy resolution of 5% at 1 MeV is presented. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed for high energy protons (50–500 MeV) and gamma radiation (0.5–30 MeV) to determine the length and shape of the crystals for optimum performance of the detector. In the case of protons, the two-layer detector can be used as a ΔELaBr3 − ETot telescope or, for very high energies, as a double energy loss detector (ΔELaBr3 + ΔELaCl3), in order to determine the initial energy. In addition, an experimental test with high energy protons (70–230 MeV) was performed at the cyclotron center in Krakow, Poland with a first prototype of 2 x 2 phoswich rectangular crystals (CEPA4) packed in an aluminum can (0.5 mm case). To simulate CEPA10 efficiencies and resolutions, optical pulses detected in CEPA4 by photomultiplier tubes with a DAQ system were used as energy input functions in Monte Carlo simulations.
|
|
