Apple orchard waste recycling and valorization of valuable product-A review

• Huge quantities of apple orchard waste (AOW) generated could be regarded as a promising alternative energy source for fuel and material production. Conventional and traditional processes for disposal of these wastes are neither economical nor environment friendly. Hence, sustainable technologies are required to be developed to solve this long-term existence and continuous growing problem. In light of these issues, this review pays attention towards sustainable and renewable systems, various value-added products from an economic and environmental perspective. Refined bio-product derived from AOW contributes to resource and energy demand comprising of biomethane, bioethanol, biofuels, bio-fertilizers, biochar, and biochemicals, such as organic acid, and enzymes. However, the market implementation of biological recovery requires reliable process technology integrated with an eco-friendly and economic production chain, classified management. 

Subject headings

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER  -- Industriell bioteknik -- Bioprocessteknik (hsv//swe)

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY  -- Industrial Biotechnology -- Bioprocess Technology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Apple orchard waste

resource recovery

value-added products

waste management

amylase

bioethanol

biogas

fertilizer

hemicellulose

hydrogen sulfide

lignin peroxidase

lignocellulose

organic matter

pectin

alcohol production

anaerobic digestion

apple

aquaculture

biodegradability

biodegradation

biofuel production

biomass

biomass production

bioremediation

biotransformation

chemical oxygen demand

composting

environmental health

environmental protection

enzyme activity

enzyme synthesis

fermentation

human

humification

industrialization

medicinal plant

methanogenesis

municipal solid waste

nonhuman

orchard

oxygen consumption

particle size

physical chemistry

process technology

pyrolysis

recycling

Review

socioeconomics

soil fertility

soil pollution

temperature

valorization

vermicompost

waste water management

Resource Recovery

Resursåtervinning

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

for (subject category)