Functionalization of Synthetic Polymers for Membrane Bioreactors

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Functionalization of Synthetic Polymers for Membrane Bioreactors

Barghi, Hamidreza (author): Högskolan i Borås,Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan,Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery,Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology

(creator_code:org_t)

ISBN 9789173859684
Chalmers University of Technology, 2014
English.
Series: Skrifter från Högskolan i Borås, 0280-381X ; 48
Series: Doctoral theses at Chalmers University of Technology, 0346-718X ; 3649

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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)

Abstract Subject headings

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) show great promise for productivity improvement and energy conservation in conventional bioprocesses for wastewater reclamation. In order to attain high productivity in a bioprocess, it is crucial to retain the microorganisms in the bioreactors by preventing wash out. This enables recycling of the microorganisms, and is consequently saving energy. The main feature of MBRs is their permeable membranes, acting as a limitative interface between the medium and the microorganisms. Permeation of nutrients and metabolites through the membranes is thus dependent on the membrane characteristics, i.e. porosity, hydrophilicity,and polarity. The present thesis introduces membranes for MBRs to be used in a continuous feeding process, designed in the form of robust, durable, and semi-hydrophilic films that constitute an effective barrier for the microorganisms, while permitting passage of nutrients and metabolites. Polyamide 46 (polytetramethylene adipamide), a robust synthetic polymer, holds the desired capabilities, with the exception of porosity and hydrophilicity. In order to achieve adequate porosity and hydrophilicity, bulk functionalization of polyamide 46 with different reagents was performed. These procedures changed the configuration from dense planar to spherical, resulting in increased porosity. Hydroxyethylation of the changed membranes increased the surface tension from 11.2 to 44.6 mJ/m2. The enhanced hydrophilicity of PA 46 resulted in high productivity of biogas formation in a compact MBR, due to diminished biofouling. Copolymerization of hydrophilized polyamide 46 with hydroxymethyl 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene revealed electroconductivity and hydrophilic properties, adequate for use in MBRs. To find either the maximal pH stability or the surface charge of the membranes having undergone carboxymethylation, polarity and the isoelectric point (pI) of the treated membranes were studied by means of a Zeta analyzer. The hydroxylated PA 46 was finally employed in a multilayer membrane bioreactor and compared with hydrophobic polyamide and PVDF membranes. The resulting biogas production showed that the hydroxylated PA 46 membrane was, after 18 days without regeneration, fully comparable with PVDF membranes.

Subject headings

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Materialteknik (hsv//swe)
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Materials Engineering (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Polymerkemi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Polymer Chemistry (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Organisk kemi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Organic Chemistry (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Materialkemi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Materials Chemistry (hsv//eng)
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Kemiteknik -- Polymerteknologi (hsv//swe)
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Chemical Engineering -- Polymer Technologies (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Bioreactor
Functionalization
Hydrophilic
Membrane
Polyamide 46
Synthetic polymer
Resursåtervinning
Resursåtervinning
Resource Recovery

Publication and Content Type

vet (subject category)
dok (subject category)

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ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY: ENGINEERING AND ...; and Materials Engine ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Chemical Science ...; and Polymer Chemistr ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Chemical Science ...; and Organic Chemistr ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Chemical Science ...; and Materials Chemis ...

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY: ENGINEERING AND ...; and Chemical Enginee ...; and Polymer Technolo ...

Parts in the series: Skrifter från Hö ...; Doctoral theses ...

By the university: University of Borås; Chalmers University of Technology

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