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Lifestyle factors a...
Lifestyle factors and risk of sickness absence from work : a multicohort study
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- Virtanen, Marianna (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Folkhälsovetenskap,Public Health Research,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden / Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki and Turku, Finland
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- Ervasti, Jenni (author)
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki and Turku, Finland
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- Head, Jenny (author)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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- Oksanen, Tuula (author)
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki and Turku, Finland
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- Salo, Paula (author)
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki and Turku, Finland / Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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- Pentti, Jaana (author)
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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- Kouvonen, Anne (author)
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland / SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
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- Väänänen, Ari (author)
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki and Turku, Finland / School of Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research, University of Kent, United Kingdom
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- Suominen, Sakari (author)
- Högskolan i Skövde,Institutionen för hälsa och lärande,Forskningsspecialiseringen Hälsa och Lärande,Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland / Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland,Individ och samhälle, Individual and Society (VIDSOC)
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- Koskenvuo, Markku (author)
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
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- Vahtera, Jussi (author)
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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- Elovainio, Marko (author)
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland / National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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- Zins, Marie (author)
- Inserm, Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts Unit UMS 011, Villejuif, France / Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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- Goldberg, Marcel (author)
- Inserm, Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts Unit UMS 011, Villejuif, France / Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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- Kivimäki, Mika (author)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom / Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier, 2018
- 2018
- English.
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In: Lancet Public Health. - : Elsevier. - 2468-2667. ; 3:11, s. E545-E554
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Abstract
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- Background Lifestyle factors influence the risk of morbidity and mortality, but the extent to which they are associated with employees' absence from work due to illness is unclear. We examined the relative contributions of smoking, alcohol consumption, high body-mass index, and low physical activity to diagnosis-specific sickness absence. Methods We did a multicohort study with individual-level data of participants of four cohorts from the UK, France, and Finland. Participants' responses to a lifestyle survey were linked to records of sickness absence episodes, typically lasting longer than 9 days; for each diagnostic category, the outcome was the total number of sickness absence days per year. We estimated the associations between lifestyle factors and sickness absence by calculating rate ratios for the number of sickness absence days per year and combining cohort-specific estimates with meta-analysis. The criteria for assessing the evidence included the strength of association, consistency across cohorts, robustness to adjustments and multiple testing, and impact assessment by use of population attributable fractions (PAF), with both internal lifestyle factor prevalence estimates and those obtained from European populations (PAF external). Findings For 74 296 participants, during 446 478 person-years at risk, the most common diagnoses for sickness absence were musculoskeletal diseases (70.9 days per 10 person-years), depressive disorders (26.5 days per 10 person-years), and external causes (such as injuries and poisonings; 12.8 days per 10 person-years). Being overweight (rate ratio [adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and chronic disease at baseline] 1.30, 95% CI 1.21-1.40; PAF external 8.9%) and low physical activity (1.23, 1.14-1.34; 7.8%) were associated with absences due to musculoskeletal diseases; heavy episodic drinking (1.90, 1.41-2.56; 15.2%), smoking (1.70, 1.42-2.03; 11.8%), low physical activity (1.67, 1.42-1.96; 19.8%), and obesity (1.38, 1.11-1.71; 5.6%) were associated with absences due to depressive disorders; heavy episodic drinking (1.64, 1.33-2.03; 11.3%), obesity (1.48, 1.27-1.72; 6.6%), smoking (1.35, 1.20-1.53; 6.3%), and being overweight (1.20, 1.08-1.33; 6.2%) were associated with absences due to external causes; obesity (1.82, 1.40-2.36; 11.0%) and smoking (1.60, 1.30-1.98; 10.3%) were associated with absences due to circulatory diseases; low physical activity (1.37, 1.25-1.49; 12.0%) and smoking (1.27, 1.16-1.40; 4.9%) were associated with absences due to respiratory diseases; and obesity (1.67, 1.34-2.07; 9.7%) was associated with absences due to digestive diseases. Interpretation Lifestyle factors are associated with sickness absence due to several diseases, but observational data cannot determine the nature of these associations. Future studies should investigate the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing sickness absence and the use of information on lifestyle for identifying groups at risk.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Occupational Health and Environmental Health (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Individual and Society VIDSOC
- Individ och samhälle VIDSOC
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Virtanen, Marian ...
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Ervasti, Jenni
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Head, Jenny
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Oksanen, Tuula
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Salo, Paula
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Pentti, Jaana
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show more...
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Kouvonen, Anne
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Väänänen, Ari
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Suominen, Sakari
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Koskenvuo, Markk ...
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Vahtera, Jussi
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Elovainio, Marko
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Zins, Marie
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Goldberg, Marcel
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Kivimäki, Mika
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Health Sciences
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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University of Skövde
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Uppsala University