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Stability of liquid...
Stability of liquid-nitrogen-jet laser-plasma targets
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- Fogelqvist, Emelie (author)
- KTH,Biomedicinsk fysik och röntgenfysik
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- Kördel, Mikael (author)
- KTH,Biomedicinsk fysik och röntgenfysik
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- Selin, Mårten (author)
- KTH,Biomedicinsk fysik och röntgenfysik
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- Hertz, Hans M. (author)
- KTH,Biomedicinsk fysik och röntgenfysik
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(creator_code:org_t)
- American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2015
- 2015
- English.
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In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 118:17
- Related links:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- Microscopic jets of cryogenic substances such as liquid nitrogen are important regenerative high-density targets for high-repetition rate, high-brightness laser-plasma soft x-ray sources. When operated in vacuum such liquid jets exhibit several non-classical instabilities that negatively influence the x-ray source's spatial and temporal stability, yield, and brightness, parameters that all are important for applications such as water-window microscopy. In the present paper, we investigate liquid-nitrogen jets with a flash-illumination imaging system that allows for a quantitative stability analysis with high spatial and temporal resolution. Direct and indirect consequences of evaporation are identified as the key reasons for the observed instabilities. Operating the jets in an approximately 100 mbar ambient atmosphere counteracts the effects of evaporation and produces highly stable liquid nitrogen jets. For operation in vacuum, which is necessary for the laser plasmas, we improve the stability by introducing an external radiative heating element. The method significantly extends the distance from the nozzle that can be used for liquid-jet laser plasmas, which is of importance for high-average-power applications. Finally, we show that laser-plasma operation with the heating-element-stabilized jet shows improved short-term and long-term temporal stability in its water-window x-ray emission.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Electric heating elements
- Electron sources
- Evaporation
- Fighter aircraft
- Image resolution
- Jets
- Laser beams
- Laser produced plasmas
- Liquid nitrogen
- Liquids
- Luminance
- Nitrogen
- Nitrogen plasma
- Plasma stability
- Stability
- Vacuum applications
- X ray apparatus
- X ray optics
- Ambient atmosphere
- High average power
- High brightness lasers
- High repetition rate
- Quantitative stability analysis
- Radiative heating
- Spatial and temporal resolutions
- Temporal stability
- Plasma interactions
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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