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Additive manufacturing of the ferritic stainless steel SS441
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- Karlsson, Dennis (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Oorganisk kemi
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- Chou, Chia-Ying (author)
- KTH,Materialvetenskap,Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-23 Stockholm, Sweden.
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- Holländer Pettersson, Niklas (author)
- KTH,Materialvetenskap,Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-23 Stockholm, Sweden.
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- AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS : Elsevier BV, 2020
- 2020
- English.
- In: Additive Manufacturing. - AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8604 .- 2214-7810. ; 36
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- In this study, the ferritic stainless steel SS441 was produced with excellent mechanical properties using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) compared to samples produced by conventional casting and hot-rolling. In addition, thermodynamic calculations were utilized to study the phase stability at elevated temperatures and to understand the solidification behavior. The hot-rolled sample showed a grain size up to several hundred mu m with additional precipitates of TiN and Nb(C,N). In contrast, the as-built L-PBF samples displayed a grain size in the mu m range. Spherical precipitates with a size of around 50 nm could be observed and were attributed to a corundum phase from the thermodynamic calculations. The printed material shows superior mechanical properties, with more than 30 times higher impact energy compared to the hot-rolled alloy (217 +/- 5 J vs. 7 +/- 0.5 J). Furthermore, the properties are anisotropic for the L-PBF produced alloy, with the highest tensile strength vertical to the build direction. The superior mechanical properties of the L-PBF produced sample can be attributed to a smaller grain size, giving a higher strength according to the Hall-Petch relationship. The anisotropy of the material can be eliminated by heat treatments at 900 degrees C followed by water quenching, but the absolute strength decreases slightly due to formation of intermetallic phases such as Nb(C,N) and the Fe2Nb Laves phase. The results clearly illustrates that L-PBF provides a promising manufacturing mute for enhanced strength of ferritic stainless steels.
Subject headings
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Materialteknik (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Materials Engineering (hsv//eng)
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Materialteknik -- Metallurgi och metalliska material (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Materials Engineering -- Metallurgy and Metallic Materials (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Laser powder bed fusion
- L-PBF
- Nucleation
- Thermodynamic calculations
- Mechanical properties
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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