Critical prethermal discrete time crystal created by two-frequency driving

Beatrez, William (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Pillai, Arjun (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

de Leon Sanchez, Erica (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Akkiraju, Amala (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Diaz Alcala, Jesus (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Conti, Sophie (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Reshetikhin, Paul (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Druga, Emanuel (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

Bukov, Marin (author): Department of Physics, St Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria; Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany

Ajoy, Ashok (author): Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA

(creator_code:org_t)

2023-01-12
2023
English.
In: Nature Physics. - : Springer Nature. - 1745-2473 .- 1745-2481. ; 19:3, s. 407-413

Related links:: https://urn.kb.se/re...; show more...; https://doi.org/10.1...; show less...

Abstract Subject headings

Discrete time crystals are non-equilibrium many-body phases of matter characterized by spontaneously broken discrete time-translation symmetry under periodic driving. At sufficiently high driving frequencies, the system enters the Floquet prethermalization regime, in which the periodically driven many-body state has a lifetime vastly exceeding the intrinsic decay time of the system. Here, we report the observation of long-lived prethermal discrete time-crystalline order in a three-dimensional (3D) lattice of 13C nuclei in diamond at room temperature. We demonstrate a two-frequency driving protocol, involving an interleaved application of slow and fast drives that simultaneously prethermalize the spins with an emergent quasi-conserved magnetization along the x̂ axis. This enables continuous and highly resolved observation of their dynamic evolution. We obtain videos of the time-crystalline response with a clarity and throughput orders of magnitude greater than previous experiments. Parametric control over the drive frequencies allows us to reach time-crystal lifetimes of up to 396 Floquet cycles, which we measure in a single-shot experiment. Such rapid measurement enables detailed characterization of the entire phase diagram, highlighting the role of prethermalization in stabilizing the time-crystal response. The two-frequency drive approach expands the toolkit for investigating non-equilibrium phases of matter stabilized by emergent quasi-conservation laws.

By the author/editor: Beatrez, William; Fleckenstein, Ch ...; Pillai, Arjun; de Leon Sanchez, ...; Akkiraju, Amala; Diaz Alcala, Jes ...; show more...; Conti, Sophie; Reshetikhin, Pau ...; Druga, Emanuel; Bukov, Marin; Ajoy, Ashok; show less...

About the subject

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Physical Science ...; and Condensed Matter ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Physical Science ...; and Atom and Molecul ...

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