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Limitations of Electrocardiography for Detecting Left Ventricular Hypertrophy or Concentric Remodeling in Athletes

Hedman, Kristofer, 1984- (author)
Linköpings universitet,Avdelningen för diagnostik och specialistmedicin,Medicinska fakulteten,Region Östergötland, Fysiologiska kliniken US,Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Moneghetti, Kegan J. (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Hsu, David (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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Christle, Jeffrey W. (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Patti, Alessandro (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA; Univ Padua, Italy
Ashley, Euan (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Hadley, David (author)
Cardiac Insight Inc, WA USA
Haddad, Francois (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Froelicher, Victor (author)
Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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 (creator_code:org_t)
Elsevier, 2020
2020
English.
In: American Journal of Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0002-9343 .- 1555-7162. ; 133:1, s. 123-132.e8
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • BackgroundElectrocardiography (ECG) is used to screen for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), but common ECG-LVH criteria have been found less effective in athletes. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the value of ECG for identifying athletes with LVH or a concentric cardiac phenotype.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 196 male Division I college athletes routinely screened with ECG and echocardiography within the Stanford Athletic Cardiovascular Screening Program was performed. Left-ventricular mass and volume were determined using echocardiography. LVH was defined as left ventricular mass (LVM) > 102 g/m²; a concentric cardiac phenotype as LVM-to-volume (M/V) ≥ 1.05 g/mL. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms including high-resolution time intervals and QRS voltages were obtained. Thirty-seven previously published ECG-LVH criteria were applied, of which the majority have never been evaluated in athletes. C-statistics, including area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) and likelihood ratios were calculated.ResultsECG lead voltages were poorly associated with LVM (r = 0.18-0.30) and M/V (r = 0.15-0.25). The proportion of athletes with ECG-LVH was 0%-74% across criteria, with sensitivity and specificity ranging between 0% and 91% and 27% and 99.5%, respectively. The average AUC of the criteria in identifying the 11 athletes with LVH was 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56-0.59), and the average AUC for identifying the 8 athletes with a concentric phenotype was 0.59 (95% CI 0.56-0.62).ConclusionThe diagnostic capacity of all ECG-LVH criteria were inadequate and, therefore, not clinically useful in screening for LVH or a concentric phenotype in athletes. This is probably due to the weak association between LVM and ECG voltage.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Kardiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Athletes heart; electrocardiography (ECG); echocardiography; left ventricular mass (LVM); preparticipation evaluation

Publication and Content Type

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