Alterations of Stress-Related Glucocorticoids and Endocannabinoids in Hair of Chronic Cocaine Users

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Voegel, Clarissa D.Univ Zurich, Switzerland (author)

Alterations of Stress-Related Glucocorticoids and Endocannabinoids in Hair of Chronic Cocaine Users

Article/chapterEnglish2022

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2021-10-22
Oxford University Press,2022
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:liu-184128
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-184128URI
https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyab070DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Funding Agencies|Forschungskredit of the University of Zurich [FK-20-041]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [PP00P1-123516/1, PP00P1-146326/1]; Olga Mayenfisch Foundation
Background Previous research in animals and humans has demonstrated a potential role of stress regulatory systems, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the endocannabinoid (eCB) system, in the development of substance use disorders. We thus investigated alterations of HPA and eCB markers in individuals with chronic cocaine use disorder by using an advanced hair analysis technique. Methods We compared hair concentrations of glucocorticoids (cortisone, cortisol) and the eCBs 2-arachidonylglycerol, anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA), and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) between 48 recreational cocaine users (RCU), 25 dependent cocaine users (DCU), and 67 stimulant-naive controls. Self-reported substance use and hair concentrations of substances were also assessed. Results Significantly higher concentrations of hair cortisone were found in RCU and DCU compared with controls. Hair concentrations of OEA and PEA were significantly lower in DCU compared with RCU and controls. Additionally, within cocaine users, elevated cocaine hair concentration was a significant predictor for increased glucocorticoid and decreased OEA hair levels. Moreover, higher 3,4-methyl enedioxymethamphetamine hair concentration was correlated with elevated cortisone and AEA, OEA, and PEA levels in hair within cocaine users, whereas more self-reported cannabis use was associated with lower eCBs levels in hair across the total sample. Conclusion Our findings support the hypothesis that the HPA axis and eCB system might be important regulators for substance use disorders. The mechanistic understanding of changes in glucocorticoid and eCB levels in future research might be a promising pharmacological target to reduce stress-induced craving and relapse specifically in cocaine use disorder.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper Neurovetenskaper hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine Neurosciences hsv//eng
Addiction; cortisol; endocannabinoids; hair; stimulants; substance use disorder

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Kroll, SaraLinköpings universitet,Centrum för social och affektiv neurovetenskap,Medicinska fakulteten,Univ Zurich, Switzerland(Swepub:liu)sarkr94 (author)
Schmid, Marc W.MWSchmid GmbH, Switzerland (author)
Kexel, Ann-KathrinUniv Zurich, Switzerland (author)
Baumgartner, Markus R.Univ Zurich, Switzerland (author)
Kraemer, ThomasUniv Zurich, Switzerland (author)
Binz, Tina M.Univ Zurich, Switzerland (author)
Quednow, Boris B.Univ Zurich, Switzerland; Univ Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Switzerland (author)
Univ Zurich, SwitzerlandCentrum för social och affektiv neurovetenskap (creator_code:org_t)

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In:International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology: Oxford University Press25:3, s. 226-2371461-14571469-5111

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