Norovirus Infection in Young Nicaraguan Children Induces Durable and Genotype-Specific Antibody Immunity

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Norovirus Infection in Young Nicaraguan Children Induces Durable and Genotype-Specific Antibody Immunity

Brewer-Jensen, Paul D. (author): Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA

Reyes, Yaoska (author): Linköpings universitet,Avdelningen för molekylär medicin och virologi,Medicinska fakulteten,Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua, Nicaragua

Becker-Dreps, Sylvia (author): Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA; Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA

Gonzalez, Fredman (author): Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua, Nicaragua

Mallory, Michael L. (author): Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA

Gutierrez, Lester (author): Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua, Nicaragua

Zepeda, Omar (author): Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua, Nicaragua

Centeno, Edwing (author): Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua, Nicaragua

Vielot, Nadja (author): Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA

Diez-Valcarce, Marta (author): US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, GA 30329 USA

Vinje, Jan (author): US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, GA 30329 USA

Baric, Ralph (author): Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA

Lindesmith, Lisa C. (author): Univ N Carolina, NC 27599 USA

Bucardo, Filemon (author): Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua, Nicaragua

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2022-09-16
2022
English.
In: Viruses. - : MDPI. - 1999-4915. ; 14:9

Related links:: https://liu.diva-por... (primary) (Raw object); show more...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.3...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

There are significant challenges to the development of a pediatric norovirus vaccine, mainly due to the antigenic diversity among strains infecting young children. Characterizing human norovirus serotypes and understanding norovirus immunity in naive children would provide key information for designing rational vaccine platforms. In this study, 26 Nicaraguan children experiencing their first norovirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) episode during the first 18 months of life were investigated. We used a surrogate neutralization assay that measured antibodies blocking the binding of 13 different norovirus virus-like particles (VLPs) to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) in pre- and post-infection sera. To assess for asymptomatic norovirus infections, stools from asymptomatic children were collected monthly, screened for norovirus by RT-qPCR and genotyped by sequencing. Seroconversion of an HBGA-blocking antibody matched the infecting genotype in 25 (96%) of the 26 children. A subset of 13 (50%) and 4 (15%) of the 26 children experienced monotypic GII and GI seroconversion, respectively, strongly suggesting a type-specific response in naive children, and 9 (35%) showed multitypic seroconversion. The most frequent pairing in multitypic seroconversion (8/12) were GII.4 Sydney and GII.12 noroviruses, both co-circulating at the time. Blocking antibody titers to these two genotypes did not correlate with each other, suggesting multiple exposure rather than cross-reactivity between genotypes. In addition, GII titers remained consistent for at least 19 months post-infection, demonstrating durable immunity. In conclusion, the first natural norovirus gastroenteritis episodes in these young children were dominated by a limited number of genotypes and induced responses of antibodies blocking binding of norovirus VLPs in a genotype-specific manner, suggesting that an effective pediatric norovirus vaccine likely needs to be multivalent and include globally dominant genotypes. The duration of protection from natural infections provides optimism for pediatric norovirus vaccines administered early in life.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinsk bioteknologi -- Medicinsk bioteknologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Medical Biotechnology -- Medical Biotechnology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

norovirus; immunity; diarrhea; gastroenteritis; children; Nicaragua; blockade antibody

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By the author/editor: Brewer-Jensen, P ...; Reyes, Yaoska; Becker-Dreps, Sy ...; Gonzalez, Fredma ...; Mallory, Michael ...; Gutierrez, Leste ...; show more...; Zepeda, Omar; Centeno, Edwing; Vielot, Nadja; Diez-Valcarce, M ...; Vinje, Jan; Baric, Ralph; Lindesmith, Lisa ...; Bucardo, Filemon; show less...

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Medical Biotechn ...; and Medical Biotechn ...

Articles in the publication: Viruses

By the university: Linköping University

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