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Particle Safety Ass...
Particle Safety Assessment in Additive Manufacturing : From Exposure Risks to Advanced Toxicology Testing.
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- Alijagic, Andi, 1992- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden,Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM); Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC)
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- Engwall, Magnus, 1965- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik,Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Särndahl, Eva, 1963- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Karlsson, Helen, 1961- (author)
- Linköpings universitet,Medicinska fakulteten,Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård,Region Östergötland, Arbets- och miljömedicin,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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- Hedbrant, Alexander, Ph.D, 1987- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Andersson, Lena, 1965- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Region Örebro län,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Karlsson, Patrik, 1973- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik,Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Dalemo, Magnus (author)
- Absolent AB, Lidköping, Sweden
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- Scherbak, Nikolai, 1967- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik,Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Färnlund, Kim (author)
- AMEXCI AB, Karlskoga, Sweden
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- Larsson, Maria, 1975- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik,Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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- Persson, Alexander, 1978- (author)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC),Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2022-04-25
- 2022
- English.
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In: Frontiers in Toxicology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-3080. ; 4
- Related links:
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https://doi.org/10.3...
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https://liu.diva-por... (primary) (Raw object)
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.3...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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Abstract
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- Additive manufacturing (AM) or industrial three-dimensional (3D) printing drives a new spectrum of design and production possibilities; pushing the boundaries both in the application by production of sophisticated products as well as the development of next-generation materials. AM technologies apply a diversity of feedstocks, including plastic, metallic, and ceramic particle powders with distinct size, shape, and surface chemistry. In addition, powders are often reused, which may change the particles' physicochemical properties and by that alter their toxic potential. The AM production technology commonly relies on a laser or electron beam to selectively melt or sinter particle powders. Large energy input on feedstock powders generates several byproducts, including varying amounts of virgin microparticles, nanoparticles, spatter, and volatile chemicals that are emitted in the working environment; throughout the production and processing phases. The micro and nanoscale size may enable particles to interact with and to cross biological barriers, which could, in turn, give rise to unexpected adverse outcomes, including inflammation, oxidative stress, activation of signaling pathways, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. Another important aspect of AM-associated risks is emission/leakage of mono- and oligomers due to polymer breakdown and high temperature transformation of chemicals from polymeric particles, both during production, use, and in vivo, including in target cells. These chemicals are potential inducers of direct toxicity, genotoxicity, and endocrine disruption. Nevertheless, understanding whether AM particle powders and their byproducts may exert adverse effects in humans is largely lacking and urges comprehensive safety assessment across the entire AM lifecycle-spanning from virgin and reused to airborne particles. Therefore, this review will detail: 1) brief overview of the AM feedstock powders, impact of reuse on particle physicochemical properties, main exposure pathways and protective measures in AM industry, 2) role of particle biological identity and key toxicological endpoints in the particle safety assessment, and 3) next-generation toxicology approaches in nanosafety for safety assessment in AM. Altogether, the proposed testing approach will enable a deeper understanding of existing and emerging particle and chemical safety challenges and provide a strategy for the development of cutting-edge methodologies for hazard identification and risk assessment in the AM industry.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Materialkemi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Materials Chemistry (hsv//eng)
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Maskinteknik -- Produktionsteknik, arbetsvetenskap och ergonomi (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Mechanical Engineering -- Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- adverse outcome
- endocrine disruption
- genotoxicity
- industrial 3D printing
- inflammation
- mechanism of action
- particle emissions
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
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Alijagic, Andi, ...
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Engwall, Magnus, ...
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Särndahl, Eva, 1 ...
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Karlsson, Helen, ...
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Hedbrant, Alexan ...
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Andersson, Lena, ...
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Karlsson, Patrik ...
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Dalemo, Magnus
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Scherbak, Nikola ...
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Färnlund, Kim
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Larsson, Maria, ...
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Persson, Alexand ...
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- About the subject
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Chemical Science ...
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and Materials Chemis ...
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- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
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ENGINEERING AND ...
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and Mechanical Engin ...
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and Production Engin ...
- Articles in the publication
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Frontiers in Tox ...
- By the university
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Linköping University
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Örebro University