Cytokines and immune balance in preeclampsia: a survey of some immunological variables and methods in the study of preeclampsia

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Jonsson, Yvonne,1974-Linköpings universitet,Klinisk immunologi,Hälsouniversitetet (author)

Cytokines and immune balance in preeclampsia : a survey of some immunological variables and methods in the study of preeclampsia

BookEnglish2005

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

Institutionen för molekylär och klinisk medicin,2005
electronicrdacarrier

Numbers

LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:liu-8602
ISBN:9185497606
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8602URI

Supplementary language notes

Language:English
Summary in:English

Part of subdatabase

SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:vet swepub-contenttype
Subject category:dok swepub-publicationtype

Series

Linköping University Medical Dissertations,0345-0082 ;924

Notes

Figure 1 on page 6 is republished in the Ph.D. thesis with the kind permisson of Blackwell Publishing (http://www.blackwellpublishing.com). Figure IX on page38, figure XB on page 41, figure XI on page 46 and figure XII on page 47 are all published in the Journal of Reproductive Immunology and republished with kind permisson from Elsevier (http://www.elsevier.com/) in the Ph.D. thesis.
Preeclampsia is one of the most feared pregnancy complications, with a risk of maternal and fetal death and with no ideal therapy readily available. The cause of this strictly pregnancyrelated disease is still unknown and is therefore a great challenge to all researchers in the field of pregnancy-related pathophysiology.Today, the dominating theory of the origin of preeclampsia is defective initial placentation with insufficient penetration of the trophoblasts, leading to impaired maternal blood flow through narrow spiral arteries. However, the cause of this defective trophoblast behavior is not known. The maternal immune system has been proposed to have an influence on both the placentation and the subsequent systemic reactions. Therefore, it is very interesting to study the maternal immune system during preeclampsia, in hope of achieving a better understanding of this puzzling disease.Earlier studies have suggested that normal pregnancy requires a shift to a Th2/antiinflammatory type of immunity, at least directed towards the fetus and placenta, while some pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, could be due to a skewed Th1/proinflammatory type of immunity. However, the results from earlier studies designed to test the Th1/Th2 hypothesis in preeclampsia have not been consistent. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to examine if established preeclampsia is associated with increased innate inflammatory responses and a deviation of adaptive responses towards Th1 when compared with normal pregnancy.Enumerations of cytokine-producing cells from peripheral blood did not show any difference in the production of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 between women with preeclampsia and normal pregnancies. However, a decrease in the spontaneously produced levels of IL-5 was detected in cell cultures on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in women with preeclampsia. Furthermore, a decreased production of IL-10 in response to paternal antigens, believed to represent the fetus, was also detected for the preeclamptic women.Serum analysis showed increased levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL-8 during preeclampsia. Also, preeclamptic women displayed increased serum levels of the soluble IL-4 receptor, but no difference in the levels of IL-4 compared to normal pregnant women. This was an elusive finding, since the receptor was originally thought to reflect the levels of IL-4, but has recently been shown to have both agonistic and antagonistic properties on the IL-4 levels. Further studies of the local immune responses in the placenta showed no difference in the immunohistochemical staining of IL-4 and TNF-α between women with preeclampsia and women with normal pregnancies. In general, there were no hallmarks of abnormal morphology in the placental sections examined, regardless of diagnosis.In conclusion, the decreased levels of IL-10 in response to paternal antigens and the systemically increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8 suggest a specific decrease in antiinflammatory responses towards fetal antigens, together with a systemic activation of proinflammatory mediators during preeclampsia. Furthermore, the decreased production of IL-5 also indicates, at least partly, decreased Th2 responses in the established preeclampsia.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper Immunologi inom det medicinska området hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine Immunology in the medical area hsv//eng
Preeclampsia
Cytokines
Leukocytes
Immunology
Placenta
Th1/Th2 balance
Inflammation
Immunobiology
Immunbiologi

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Ekerfelt, ChristinaLinköpings universitet,Klinisk immunologi,Hälsouniversitetet(Swepub:liu)chrek55 (thesis advisor)
Berg, GöranÖstergötlands Läns Landsting,Linköpings universitet,Obstetrik och gynekologi,Hälsouniversitetet,Kvinnokliniken i Linköping(Swepub:liu)gorbe09 (thesis advisor)
Matthiesen, LeifÖstergötlands Läns Landsting,Linköpings universitet,Obstetrik och gynekologi,Hälsouniversitetet,Kvinnokliniken i Linköping(Swepub:liu)leima96 (thesis advisor)
Mincheva-Nilsson, Lucia,DocentInstitutionen för Klinisk mikrobiologi, Enheten Klinisk immunologi, Universitetssjukhuset, Umeå (opponent)
Linköpings universitetKlinisk immunologi (creator_code:org_t)

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