Crystal Structures of Hydrates of Norfloxacin

• Description: Purpose: The aim was to identify new phases of norfloxacin and to analyse their crystal structures. Methods: Norfloxacin was crystallized in methanol under various conditions using solvent-drop grinding method. The single crystal X-ray diffraction data sets were collected on a Bruker Nonius Kappa CCD, using Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å). Results: Norfloxacin mono-and trihydrates were identified. Mono and trihydrates crystallize in Pbca, P21/c space groups respectively. One of the water molecules in trihydrate is in disorder. In these structures, inversion related norfloxacin molecules form stacked layers with quinolone moieties and stabilized by ππ (3.449 to 4.016 Å) interactions. The norfloxacin molecules in stacked layers generate hydrophilic channels to include water molecules through O-HO, O-HO¯ and N-HO¯ interactions. A significant difference in the torsional angles of the piperazinyl ring of norfloxacin in mono-, di- (reported), and trihydrate was evident for conformational flexibility. Conclusion: We report crystal structures of mono and trihydrates of norfloxacin that are channel hydrates. Norfloxacin may exhibit conformational polymorphism

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