Is Physical Activity Causally Associated With Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

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Rommel, Anna-SophieMedical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (author)

Is Physical Activity Causally Associated With Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

Article/chapterEnglish2015

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Amsterdam, Netherlands :Elsevier,2015
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:oru-54504
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-54504URI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.04.011DOI
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:131520610URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Funding Agencies:Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare Project Medical Research Council ShireJanssen Vifor Pharma Qbtech
Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) enhances cognition and may be a protective factor for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Yet the impact of PA on ADHD symptoms has been investigated only in a few undersized, nonrandomized, and retrospective studies. We examined the effect of PA during late adolescence on ADHD symptoms in early adulthood while controlling for unmeasured genetic and shared environmental confounding.Method: The effect of PA at age 16 to 17 years (baseline) on ADHD symptoms at age 19 to 20 years (follow-up) was examined using a within-monozygotic (MZ) twins fixed-effects model in 232 MZ twin pairs born in Sweden between May 1985 and December 1986. Parents rated their children's DSM ADHD symptoms at baseline and follow-up. Participants' weekly energy expenditure (in metabolic equivalent task minutes per week) was based on self-reports at baseline of PA frequency, intensity, and duration.Results: Greater weekly energy expenditure in adolescence was significantly associated with reduced ADHD symptom levels in early adulthood, even when controlling for unmeasured confounding (all genetic and environmental factors shared within MZ twin pairs) as well as ADHD symptoms and body mass index (BMI) at baseline, β = -0.21, p = .013 (95% CI = -0.38 to -0.05). Similar results were observed for the 2 ADHD subcomponents: hyperactivity/impulsivity, β = -0.21, p = .022 (95% CI = -0.39 to -0.03), and inattention, β = -0.19, p = .049 (95% CI = -0.36 to -0.0005).Conclusion: In line with a causal hypothesis, PA was inversely associated with ADHD symptoms, even after adjusting for unmeasured confounding. These findings suggest that PA in adolescence might decrease ADHD symptoms in early adulthood. However, given the size of the effect, the clinical value of this intervention needs to be explored further.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Psykiatri hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Psychiatry hsv//eng
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Psykologi hsv//swe
SOCIAL SCIENCES Psychology hsv//eng
Physical activity
ADHD
exercise
twin modeling
TCHAD

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Lichtenstein, PaulKarolinska Institutet (author)
Rydell, MinaKarolinska Institutet (author)
Kuja-Halkola, RalfKarolinska Institutet (author)
Asherson, PhilipMedical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (author)
Kuntsi, JonnaMedical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (author)
Larsson, Henrik,1975-Karolinska Institutet(Swepub:oru)hiln (author)
Karolinska InstitutetMedical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryAmsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier54:7, s. 565-5700890-85671527-5418

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Psychiatry

SOCIAL SCIENCES: SOCIAL SCIENCES; and Psychology

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