Estimating burden and disease costs of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the European union

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Estimating burden and disease costs of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the European union

Trasande, Leonardo (author): NYU, School of Medicine, New York, USA; NYU, Wagner School of Public Service, New York, USA; NYU, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York, USA; NYU, Global Institute of Public Health, New York, USA

Zoeller, R. Thomas, 1952- (author): University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA

Hass, Ulla (author): Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark

Kortenkamp, Andreas (author): Brunel University London, Uxbridge, England

Grandjean, Philippe (author): Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Myers, John Peterson (author): Environmental Health Sciences, Charlottesville, USA

DiGangi, Joseph (author): IPEN, Gothenburg, Sweden

Bellanger, Martine (author): EHESP School of Public Health, Paris, France

Hauser, Russ (author): Brunel University London, Uxbridge, England

Legler, Juliette (author): VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Skakkebaek, Niels E. (author): Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Heindel, Jerrold J. (author): National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, USA

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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015
2015
English.
In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 100:4, s. 1245-1255

Related links:: https://doi.org/10.1...; show more...; https://academic.oup...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.1...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

CONTEXT: Rapidly increasing evidence has documented that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contribute substantially to disease and disability.OBJECTIVE: The objective was to quantify a range of health and economic costs that can be reasonably attributed to EDC exposures in the European Union (EU).DESIGN: A Steering Committee of scientists adapted the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change weight-of-evidence characterization for probability of causation based upon levels of available epidemiological and toxicological evidence for one or more chemicals contributing to disease by an endocrine disruptor mechanism. To evaluate the epidemiological evidence, the Steering Committee adapted the World Health Organization Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group criteria, whereas the Steering Committee adapted definitions recently promulgated by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency for evaluating laboratory and animal evidence of endocrine disruption. Expert panels used the Delphi method to make decisions on the strength of the data.RESULTS: Expert panels achieved consensus at least for probable (>20%) EDC causation for IQ loss and associated intellectual disability, autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, childhood obesity, adult obesity, adult diabetes, cryptorchidism, male infertility, and mortality associated with reduced testosterone. Accounting for probability of causation and using the midpoint of each range for probability of causation, Monte Carlo simulations produced a median cost of €157 billion (or $209 billion, corresponding to 1.23% of EU gross domestic product) annually across 1000 simulations. Notably, using the lowest end of the probability range for each relationship in the Monte Carlo simulations produced a median range of €109 billion that differed modestly from base case probability inputs.CONCLUSIONS: EDC exposures in the EU are likely to contribute substantially to disease and dysfunction across the life course with costs in the hundreds of billions of Euros per year. These estimates represent only those EDCs with the highest probability of causation; a broader analysis would have produced greater estimates of burden of disease and costs.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Enviromental Science
Miljövetenskap

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