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Gene-Environment In...
Gene-Environment Interactions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Dimensions : The Role of Unhealthy Food Habits
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- Li, Lin, 1989- (author)
- Karolinska Institutet,Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, 70172, Sweden
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- Taylor, Mark J. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Bälter, Katarina (author)
- Mälardalens universitet,Hälsa och välfärd,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
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- Xie, Tian (author)
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713, Netherlands
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- Solberg, Berit Skretting (author)
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Child- and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Unit, Hospital Betanien, Bergen, Norway
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- Haavik, Jan (author)
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Bergen Center of Brain Plasticity, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Arias Vásquez, Alejandro (author)
- Departments of Psychiatry & Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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- Hartman, Catharina A. (author)
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713, Netherlands
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- Larsson, Henrik, 1975- (author)
- Karolinska Institutet,Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-12-24
- 2021
- English.
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In: Genes. - : MDPI. - 2073-4425. ; 13:1
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Abstract
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- Background: Dietary habits were investigated as environmental risk factors for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, no previous studies explored the effects of dietary factors on modifying the role of genetic factors on ADHD.Methods: Based on a Swedish population-based twin study with 1518 twin pairs aged 20-47 years, we tested whether the importance of genetic and environmental effects on ADHD varied as a function of dietary habits. Self-reported dietary habits and ADHD symptoms were collected. Twin methods were used to test the degree to which high-sugar and unhealthy food intake moderated the genetic and environmental influences on ADHD symptoms.Results: In middle-aged adults, genetic influences on inattention symptoms were statistically significantly higher among individuals with higher levels of high-sugar (45%, 95%CI: 25-54%) and unhealthy food intake (51%, 95%CI: 31-60%), compared with those with lower levels of consumption of high-sugar (36%, 95%CI: 25-47%) and unhealthy foods (30%, 95%CI: 20-41%). Similar patterns were also found for the associations between hyperactivity/impulsivity and high-sugar/unhealthy food intake, even though the moderation effects were not statistically significant.Conclusion: The present study suggests that genetic factors play a more prominent role in individual differences of ADHD symptoms in the presence of the high consumption of sugar and unhealthy foods. Future longitudinal studies with multiple assessments of ADHD and dietary habits are needed to replicate our findings.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- ADHD
- food habits
- gene-environment interactions
- twin study
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Li, Lin, 1989-
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Taylor, Mark J.
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Bälter, Katarina
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Xie, Tian
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Solberg, Berit S ...
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Haavik, Jan
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Arias Vásquez, A ...
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Hartman, Cathari ...
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Larsson, Henrik, ...
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- About the subject
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Clinical Medicin ...
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and Psychiatry
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Health Sciences
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Örebro University
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Mälardalen University
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Karolinska Institutet