Sodium Reduction in Bouillon: Targeting a Food Staple to Reduce Hypertension in Sub-saharan Africa

Sodium Reduction in Bouillon : Targeting a Food Staple to Reduce Hypertension in Sub-saharan Africa

Archer, Nicholas (author): Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Hospitality, Culinary Arts and Meal Science, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden

Cochet-Broch, Maeva (author): Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Mihnea, Mihaela, 1983- (author): Örebro universitet,RISE,Jordbruk och livsmedel,Örebro University, Sweden,Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan,RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Agriculture and Food, Gothenburg, Sweden

Garrido Banuelos, Gonzalo (author): RISE,Jordbruk och livsmedel,RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Agriculture and Food, Gothenburg, Sweden

Lopez-Sanchez, Patricia (author): RISE,Jordbruk och livsmedel,RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Agriculture and Food, Gothenburg, Sweden

Lundin, Leif (author): Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Frank, Damian (author): Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Sydney, NSW, Australia

(creator_code:org_t)

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Abstract Subject headings

Bouillon cubes are a staple ingredient used in Sub-saharan African countries providing flavor enhancement to savory foods. Bouillon has been identified as a vehicle for fortification to overcome micronutrient deficiencies in Sub-saharan Africa. However, bouillon has a high sodium content (and in addition with other foods) contributes to dietary sodium intake above recommended guidelines. High dietary sodium intake is a key risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Africa has the highest rates of hypertension and CVD globally with nearly half the adult population above 25 years affected. This review presents current state of research on sodium reduction strategies in bouillon. The key challenge is to reduce sodium levels while maintaining optimal flavor at the lowest possible production cost to ensure bouillon continues to be affordable in Sub-saharan Africa. To produce lower sodium bouillon with acceptable flavor at low cost will likely involve multiple sodium reduction strategies; direct reduction in sodium, sodium replacement and saltiness boosting flavor technologies. Efforts to reduce the sodium content of bouillon in Sub-saharan Africa is a worthwhile strategy to: (i) lower the overall sodium consumption across the population, and (ii) deliver population-wide health benefits in a region with high rates of hypertension and CVD. Copyright © 2022 Archer, Cochet-Broch, Mihnea, Garrido-Bañuelos, Lopez-Sanchez, Lundin and Frank.

By the author/editor: Archer, Nicholas; Cochet-Broch, Ma ...; Mihnea, Mihaela, ...; Garrido Banuelos ...; Lopez-Sanchez, P ...; Lundin, Leif; show more...; Frank, Damian; show less...

About the subject

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Health Sciences; and Nutrition and Di ...

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