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- Ngandu, TKarolinska Institutet (author)
Education and dementia : What lies behind the association?
- Article/chapterEnglish2007
Publisher, publication year, extent ...
- 2007-10-01
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,2007
- printrdacarrier
Numbers
- LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:rkh-562
- https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-562URI
- https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000277456.29440.16DOI
- http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:116183961URI
Supplementary language notes
- Language:English
- Summary in:English
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Notes
- Background: Low education seems to be associated with an increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD). People with low education have unhealthier lifestyles and more cardiovascular risk factors, but it is unclear how this affects the association between education and dementia.Methods: Participants of the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) study were derived from random, population-based samples previously studied in a survey in 1972, 1977, 1982, or 1987. After an average follow-up of 21 years, 1,449 individuals (72%) aged 65 to 79 participated in a re-examination in 1998.Results: Compared to individuals with formal education of 5 years or less, those with 6 to 8 years of education had OR of 0.57 (95% CI 0.29 to 1.13), and those with 9 years of education or more had OR of 0.16 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.41) for dementia. The corresponding ORs for AD were 0.49 (0.24 to 1.00) and 0.15 (0.05 to 0.40). The associations remained unchanged after adjustments for several demographic, socioeconomic, vascular, and lifestyle characteristics. The results were similar among both men and women. ApoE4 did not modify the association, but the risk of dementia and AD was very low among ApoE4 noncarriers with high education.Conclusions: The association between low education and dementia is probably not explained by the unhealthy lifestyles of the less educated compared with higher educated persons. Higher educated persons may have a greater cognitive reserve that can postpone the clinical manifestation of dementia. Unhealthy lifestyles may independently contribute to the depletion of this reserve or directly influence the underlying pathologic processes.GLOSSARY: AD = Alzheimer disease; CAIDE = Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; NINCDS-ADRDA = National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association; SBP = systolic blood pressure.
Subject headings and genre
- alzheimer disease
- cardiovascular risk factors
- lifestyle
Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)
- von Strauss, EvaKarolinska Institutet(Swepub:rkh)vone (author)
- Helkala, E LPublic Health and General Practice, University of Kuopio, Finland (author)
- Winblad, BKarolinska Institutet (author)
- Nissinen, ADepartment of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki (author)
- Tuomilehto, JDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki (author)
- Soininen, HDepartments of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio, Finland (author)
- Kivipelto, MKarolinska Institutet (author)
- Karolinska InstitutetPublic Health and General Practice, University of Kuopio, Finland (creator_code:org_t)
Related titles
- In:Neurology: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins69:14, s. 1442-14500028-38781526-632X
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