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Acoustic Hyper-Reactivity and Negatively Skewed Locomotor Activity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders : An Exploratory Study

Takahashi, Hidetoshi (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Nakamura, Toru (author)
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Kim, Jinhyuk (author)
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Kikuchi, Hiroe (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Nakahachi, Takayuki (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Ishitobi, Makoto (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Ebishima, Ken (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Yoshiuchi, Kazuhiro (author)
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Ando, Tetsuya (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Stickley, Andrew (author)
Södertörns högskola,SCOHOST (Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change),National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Yamamoto, Yoshiharu (author)
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Kamio, Yoko (author)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2018-08-06
2018
English.
In: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-0640. ; 9
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Investigation of objective and quantitative behavioral phenotypes along with neurobiological endophenotypes might lead to increased knowledge of the mechanisms that underlie autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Here, we investigated the association between locomotor dynamics and characteristics of the acoustic startle response (ASR) and its modulation in ASD (n = 14) and typically developing (TD, n = 13) children. The ASR was recorded in response to acoustic stimuli in increments of 10 dB (65-105 dB SPL). We calculated the average ASR magnitude for each stimulus intensity and peak-ASR latency. Locomotor activity was continuously measured with a watch-type actigraph. We examined statistics of locomotor activity, such as mean activity levels and the skewness of activity. Children with ASD had a significantly greater ASR magnitude in response to a weak acoustic stimulus, which reflects acoustic hyper-reactivity. The skewness of all-day activity was significantly more negative in children with ASD than those with TD. Skewness of daytime activity was also more negative, although only of borderline statistical significance. For all children, the higher mean and more negatively skewed daytime activity, reflecting hyperactivity that was associated with sporadic large daytime "troughs," was significantly correlated with acoustic hyper-reactivity. The more negatively skewed locomotor activity occurring in the daytime was also associated with impaired sensorimotor gating, examined as prepulse inhibition at a prepulse intensity of 70 dB. This comprehensive investigation of locomotor dynamics and the ASR extends our understanding of the neurophysiology that underlies ASD.

Subject headings

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Sociologi (hsv//swe)
SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Sociology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

acoustic hyper-reactivity
acoustic startle reflex
autism spectrum disorders
endophenotypes
locomotor activity
prepulse inhibition
sensorimotor gating

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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