Flat-out napping: The quantity and quality of sleep obtained in a seat during the daytime increase as the angle of recline of the seat increases

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Flat-out napping : The quantity and quality of sleep obtained in a seat during the daytime increase as the angle of recline of the seat increases

Roach, Gregory D. (author)

Matthews, Raymond (author): Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Central Queensland University, Sweden; Karolinska Institute, Sweden

Naweed, Anjum (author)

Kontou, Thomas G. (author)

Sargent, Charli (author)

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(creator_code:org_t)

2018-06-11
2018
English.
In: Chronobiology International. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0742-0528 .- 1525-6073. ; 35:6, s. 872-883

Related links:: https://urn.kb.se/re...; show more...; https://doi.org/10.1...; http://kipublication...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

Some shiftwokers in the long-haul transportation industries (i.e. road, rail, sea, air) have the opportunity to sleep in on-board rest facilities during duty periods. These rest facilities are typically fitted with a seat with a maximum back angle to the vertical of 20 degrees, 40 degrees, or 90 degrees. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of back angle on the quantity and quality of sleep obtained in a seat during a daytime nap. Six healthy adults (3 females aged 27.0 years and 3 males aged 22.7 years) each participated in three conditions. For each condition, participants had a 4-h sleep opportunity in a bed (02:00-06:00 h) followed by a 4-h sleep opportunity in a seat (13:00-17:00 h). The only difference between conditions was in the back angle of the seat to the vertical during the seat-based sleep periods: 20 degrees (upright), 40 degrees (reclined), and 90 degrees (flat). Polysomnographic data were collected during all sleep episodes. For the seat-based sleep episodes, there was a significant effect of back angle on three of four measures of sleep quantity, i.e. total sleep time, slow-wave sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and three of four measures of sleep quality, i.e. latency to REM sleep, arousals, and stage shifts. In general, the quantity and quality of sleep obtained in the reclined and flat seats were better than those obtained in the upright seat. In particular, compared to the flat seat, the reclined seat resulted in similar amounts of total sleep and slow-wave sleep, but 37% less REM sleep; and the upright seat resulted in 29% less total sleep, 30% less slow-wave sleep, and 79% less REM sleep. There are two main mechanisms that may explain the results. First, it is difficult to maintain the head in a comfortable position for sleep when sitting upright, and this is likely exacerbated during REM sleep, when muscle tone is very low. Second, an upright posture increases sympathetic activity and decreases parasympathetic activity, resulting in a heightened level of physiological arousal.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Occupational Health and Environmental Health (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Flight crew
cabin crew
air crew
passenger
road transport
rail transport
sea transport
air transport
shiftwork
bunk
chair
rest facilities

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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By the author/editor: Roach, Gregory D ...; Matthews, Raymon ...; Naweed, Anjum; Kontou, Thomas G ...; Sargent, Charli

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NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Health Sciences; and Occupational Hea ...

Articles in the publication: Chronobiology In ...

By the university: Stockholm University; Karolinska Institutet

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