SCExAO/CHARIS Direct Imaging Discovery of a 20 au Separation, Low-mass Ratio Brown Dwarf Companion to an Accelerating Sun-like Star

We present the direct imaging discovery of a substellar companion to the nearby Sun-like star, HD 33632 Aa, at a projected separation of similar to 20 au, obtained with SCExAO/CHARIS integral field spectroscopy complemented by Keck/NIRC2 thermal infrared imaging. The companion, HD 33632 Ab, induces a 10.5 sigma astrometric acceleration on the star as detected with the Gaia and Hipparcos satellites. SCExAO/CHARIS JHK (1.1-2.4 mu m) spectra and Keck/NIRC2 L-p (3.78 mu m) photometry are best matched by a field L/T transition object: an older, higher-gravity, and less dusty counterpart to HR 8799 cde. Combining our astrometry with Gaia/Hipparcos data and archival Lick Observatory radial velocities, we measure a dynamical mass of 46.4 8 M-J and an eccentricity of e < 0.46 at 95% confidence. HD 33632 Ab's mass and mass ratio (4.0% 0.7%) are comparable to the low-mass brown dwarf GJ 758 B and intermediate between the more massive brown dwarf HD 19467 B and the (near-)planet-mass companions to HR 2562 and GJ 504. Using Gaia to select for direct imaging observations with the newest extreme adaptive optics systems can reveal substellar or even planet-mass companions on solar system-like scales at an increased frequency compared to blind surveys.

Brandt, Timothy D. (author)
Kuzuhara, Masayuki (author)
Chilcote, Jeffrey (author)
Guyon, Olivier (author)
Marois, Christian (author)
Groff, Tyler D. (author)
Lozi, Julien (author)
Vievard, Sebastien (author)
Sahoo, Ananya (author)
Deo, Vincent (author)
Jovanovic, Nemanja (author)
Martinache, Frantz (author)
Wagner, Kevin (author)
Dupuy, Trent (author)
Wahl, Matthew (author)
Letawsky, Michael (author)
Li, Yiting (author)
Zeng, Yunlin (author)
Brandt, G. Mirek (author)
Michalik, Daniel (author)
Grady, Carol (author)
Janson, MarkusStockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi(Swepub:su)mjanso (author)
Knapp, Gillian R. (author)
Kwon, Jungmi (author)
Lawson, Kellen (author)
McElwain, Michael W. (author)
Uyama, Taichi (author)
Wisniewski, John (author)
Tamura, Motohide (author)
Stockholms universitetInstitutionen för astronomi (creator_code:org_t)

In:Astrophysical Journal Letters: American Astronomical Society904:22041-82052041-8213

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