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Long working hours ...
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Ervasti, JenniFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
(author)
Long working hours and risk of 50 health conditions and mortality outcomes : a multicohort study in four European countries
- Article/chapterEnglish2021
Publisher, publication year, extent ...
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Elsevier BV,2021
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printrdacarrier
Numbers
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:su-199893
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-199893URI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100212DOI
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-43952URI
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20787URI
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http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:154301144URI
Supplementary language notes
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Language:English
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Summary in:English
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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
Notes
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Funding: NordForsk, the Medical Research Council, the National Institute on Aging, the Wellcome Trust, Academy of Finland, and Finnish Work Environment Fund.
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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0© 2021 The AuthorsCorresponding author: Jenni ErvastiFunding: NordForsk, the Medical Research Council, the National Institute on Aging, the Wellcome Trust, Academy of Finland, and Finnish Work Environment Fund.
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Background: Studies on the association between long working hours and health have captured only a narrow range of outcomes (mainly cardiometabolic diseases and depression) and no outcome-wide studies on this topic are available. To achieve wider scope of potential harm, we examined long working hours as a risk factor for a wide range of disease and mortality endpoints.Methods: The data of this multicohort study were from two population cohorts from Finland (primary analysis, n=59 599) and nine cohorts (replication analysis, n=44 262) from Sweden, Denmark, and the UK, all part of the Individual-participant Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) consortium. Baseline-assessed long working hours (≥55 hours per week) were compared to standard working hours (35-40 h). Outcome measures with follow-up until age 65 years were 46 diseases that required hospital treatment or continuous pharmacotherapy, all-cause, and three cause-specific mortality endpoints, ascertained via linkage to national health and mortality registers.Findings: 2747 (4·6%) participants in the primary cohorts and 3027 (6·8%) in the replication cohorts worked long hours. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, working long hours was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio 1·68; 95% confidence interval 1·08-2·61 in primary analysis and 1·52; 0·90-2·58 in replication analysis), infections (1·37; 1·13-1·67 and 1·45; 1·13-1·87), diabetes (1·18; 1·01-1·38 and 1·41; 0·98-2·02), injuries (1·22; 1·00-1·50 and 1·18; 0·98-1·18) and musculoskeletal disorders (1·15; 1·06-1·26 and 1·13; 1·00-1·27). Working long hours was not associated with all-cause mortality.Interpretation: Follow-up of 50 health outcomes in four European countries suggests that working long hours is associated with an elevated risk of early cardiovascular death and hospital-treated infections before age 65. Associations, albeit weak, were also observed with diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. In these data working long hours was not related to elevated overall mortality.
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Pentti, JaanaFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland ; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, and Population Research Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
(author)
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Theorell, TöresStockholms universitet,Karolinska Institutet,Stressforskningsinstitutet(Swepub:su)ttheo
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Shipley, Martin J.Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
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Leineweber, ConstanzeStockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Stress Research Institute at the Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden(Swepub:su)clein
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Sørensen, Jeppe K.National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alfredsson, LarsKarolinska Institutet
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Bjorner, Jakob B.National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Borritz, MarianneBispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Burr, HermannFederal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Berlin, Germany
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Knutsson, Anders,1942-Mittuniversitetet,Institutionen för hälsovetenskap,Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden(Swepub:miun)andknu
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Madsen, Ida E. H.National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Magnusson Hanson, LindaStockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Stress Research Institute at the Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden(Swepub:su)linma
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Oksanen, TuulaInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Pejtersen, Jan H.VIVE–The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Rugulies, ReinerNational Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark ; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Suominen, SakariHögskolan i Skövde,Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper,Forskningsmiljön hälsa, hållbarhet och digitalisering,Department of Public Health, University of Turku, and Population Research Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland,Medborgarcentrerad hälsa MeCH, Research on Citizen Centered Health, University of Skövde (Reacch US)(Swepub:his)suos
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Theorell, TöresStockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet(Swepub:su)ttheo
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Westerlund, HugoStockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Stress Research Institute at the Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden(Swepub:su)hwest
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Vahtera, JussiDepartment of Public Health, University of Turku, and Population Research Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
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Virtanen, MariannaKarolinska Institutet
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Batty, G. DavidDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
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Kivimäki, MikaFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland ; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
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Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FinlandFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland ; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, and Population Research Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
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In:The Lancet Regional Health: Elsevier BV112666-7762
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Ervasti, Jenni
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Pentti, Jaana
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Theorell, Töres
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Shipley, Martin ...
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Leineweber, Cons ...
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Sørensen, Jeppe ...
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Alfredsson, Lars
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Bjorner, Jakob B ...
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Borritz, Mariann ...
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Burr, Hermann
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Knutsson, Anders ...
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Madsen, Ida E. H ...
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Magnusson Hanson ...
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Oksanen, Tuula
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Pejtersen, Jan H ...
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Rugulies, Reiner
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Suominen, Sakari
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Westerlund, Hugo
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Vahtera, Jussi
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Virtanen, Marian ...
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Batty, G. David
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Kivimäki, Mika
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Stockholm University
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University of Skövde
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Karolinska Institutet