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A social exclusion perspective on loneliness in older adults in the Nordic countries

Dahlberg, Lena, 1970- (author)
Karolinska Institutet,Högskolan Dalarna,Stockholms universitet,Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI),Dalarna University, Sweden,Socialt arbete,Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University
McKee, Kevin, 1961- (author)
Högskolan Dalarna,Socialt arbete
Lennartsson, Carin (author)
Karolinska Institutet,Stockholms universitet,Institutet för social forskning (SOFI)
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Rehnberg, Johan, 1986- (author)
Karolinska Institutet,Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för folkhälsovetenskap
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2022-03-29
2022
English.
In: European Journal of Ageing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1613-9372 .- 1613-9380. ; 19:2, s. 175-188
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Several factors associated with loneliness are also considered indicators of social exclusion. While loneliness has been proposed as an outcome of social exclusion, there is limited empirical evidence of a link. This study examines the associations between social exclusion indicators and loneliness in older adults (60+ years) in four Nordic countries. Data from four waves of the European Social Survey were pooled, providing a total of 7755 respondents (Denmark n = 1647; Finland n = 2501, Norway n = 1540; Sweden n = 2067). Measures of loneliness, demographic characteristics, health, and eight indicators of social exclusion were selected from the survey for analysis. Country-specific and total sample hierarchical logistic regression models of loneliness were developed. Significant model improvement occurred for all models after social exclusion indicators were added to models containing only demographic and health variables. Country models explained between 15.1 (Finland) and 21.5% (Sweden) of the variance in loneliness. Lower frequency of social contacts and living alone compared to in a two-person household was associated with a higher probability of loneliness in all countries, while other indicators were associated with loneliness in specific countries: lower neighbourhood safety (Sweden and Denmark); income concern (Sweden and Finland); and no emotional support (Denmark, Finland, and Sweden). A robust relationship was apparent between indicators of social exclusion and loneliness with the direction of associations being highly consistent across countries, even if their strength and statistical significance varied. Social exclusion has considerable potential for understanding and addressing risk factors for loneliness.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Annan medicin och hälsovetenskap -- Gerontologi, medicinsk/hälsovetenskaplig inriktning (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Other Medical and Health Sciences -- Gerontology, specialising in Medical and Health Sciences (hsv//eng)
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Sociologi (hsv//swe)
SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Sociology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Social inclusion
Inequality
Social integration
Social isolation
Comparative
Att leva i samhällets utkant: Social exkludering bland äldre kvinnor och män i Sverige
Ensamhet och hälsa bland äldre personer i Norden

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