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Heavy metals in fiv...
Heavy metals in five commonly consumed fish species from River Swat, Pakistan, and their implications for human health using multiple risk assessment approaches
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Khan, Kifayatullah (author)
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Zeb, Maria (author)
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Younas, Muhammad (author)
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Sharif, Hafiz Muhammad Adeel (author)
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Yaseen, Muhammad (author)
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Al-Sehemi, Abdullah G. (author)
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Kavil, Yasar N. (author)
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Shah, Noor Samad (author)
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Cao, Xianghui (author)
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- Maryam, Afsheen, 1987- (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för miljövetenskap,University of Swat, Pakistan
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Qasim, Muhammad (author)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2023
- 2023
- English.
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In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. - 0025-326X .- 1879-3363. ; 195
- Related links:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
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- This study analyzed the levels of heavy metals bioaccumulation in commonly consumed riverine fish species, including G. cavia, T. macrolepis, G. gotyla, S. plagiostomus, and M. armatus from River Swat in Pakistan, and quantify their potential risk to children and adults in general and fisherfolk communities using multiple pollution and risk assessment approaches. The highest metal detected by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was Zn, which ranged from 49.61 to 116.83 mg/kg, followed by Fe (19.25–101.33 mg/kg) > Mn (5.25–40.35 mg/kg) > Cr (3.05–14.59 mg/kg) > Ni (4.26–11.80 mg/kg) > Al (1.59–12.25 mg/kg) > Cu (1.24–8.59 mg/kg) > Pb (0.29–1.95 mg/kg) > Co (0.08–0.46 mg/kg) > Cd (0.01–0.29 mg/kg), demonstrating consistent fluctuation with the safe recommendations of global regulatory bodies. The average bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values in the examined fish species were high (BAF > 5000) for Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Cd, bioaccumulate (1000 > BAF < 5000) for Co, and probable accumulative (BAF <1000) for Fe, and Al, while the overall ∑heavy metals pollution index (MPI) values were greater than one (MPI > 1) indicating sever heavy metals toxicity in G. cavia, followed by S. plagiostomus, M. armatus, G. gotyla, and T. macrolepis. The multivariate Pearson's correlation analysis identified the correlation coefficients between heavy metal pairs (Ni Cr, Cu Cr, Pb Cr, Al Co, Cu Ni, and Pb Ni), the hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) determined the origin by categorizing heavy metal accumulation into Cluster-A, Cluster-B, and Cluster-C, and the principal component analysis (PCA) discerned nearby weathering, mining, industrial, municipal, and agricultural activities as the potential sources of heavy metals bioaccumulation in riverine fish. As per human risk perspective, S. plagiostomus contributed significantly to the estimated daily intake (EDI) of heavy metals, followed by G.cavia > M. armatus > G. gotyla > T. macrolepis in dependent children and adults of the fisherfolk followed by the general population. The non-carcinogenic target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values for heavy metal intake through fish exposure were < 1, while the carcinogenic risk (CR) for individual metal intake and the total carcinogenic risk (TCR) for cumulative Cr, Cd, and Pb intake were within the risk threshold of 10−6–10−4, suggesting an acceptable to high non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for both children and adults in the fisherfolk, followed by the general population.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)
- LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER -- Lantbruksvetenskap, skogsbruk och fiske -- Fisk- och akvakulturforskning (hsv//swe)
- AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES -- Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries -- Fish and Aquacultural Science (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Heavy metal
- Riverine fish
- Pollution indices
- Multivariate statistics
- Risk assessment
- River Swat
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Khan, Kifayatull ...
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Zeb, Maria
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Younas, Muhammad
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Sharif, Hafiz Mu ...
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Yaseen, Muhammad
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Al-Sehemi, Abdul ...
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show more...
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Kavil, Yasar N.
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Shah, Noor Samad
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Cao, Xianghui
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Maryam, Afsheen, ...
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Qasim, Muhammad
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show less...
- About the subject
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Earth and Relate ...
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and Environmental Sc ...
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- AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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AGRICULTURAL SCI ...
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and Agriculture Fore ...
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and Fish and Aquacul ...
- Articles in the publication
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Marine Pollution ...
- By the university
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Stockholm University