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Chlorinated paraffins in the Swedish atmosphere : spatial and seasonal variability
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- Fridén, Ulrika E. (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM)
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- Järnberg, Ulf (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM)
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- McLachlan, Michael S. (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM)
- (creator_code:org_t)
- English.
- Other publication (other academic/artistic)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of concern, as indicated by the recent addition of the short-chained CPs as a new Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) in the United Nations Eco-nomic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) (United Nations, 2010). Howev-er, knowledge about the occurrence of CPs in the environment, and in the atmosphere in particular, is limited. To address this, ambient air samples were collected over a 10 month period at an urban site and a rural site in Sweden, and analyzed for the sum of the short-chained, me-dium-chained and long-chained CPs. The CP concentrations ranged from 0.7-33 ng/m3, and they were significantly higher at the urban site. The low volatile CP congeners dominated in the samples, and this domin-ance was more pronounced at the urban site. Particle-bound and ga-seous CPs were determined separately in several samples, and between 50 and 90 % of the CPs were estimated to be in the gas phase. A clear seasonality in the concentrations was observed, with levels in summer that were about 5 times higher than in winter. This indicates that tem-perature dependent emission from urban sources is a major source of the CPs in air. Diffusive emissions from building materials are likely to make a major contribution.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Chlorinated paraffins
- CPs
- polychlorinated n-alkanes
- PCAs
- air
- Environmental chemistry
- Miljökemi
- Applied Environmental Science
- tillämpad miljövetenskap
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- vet (subject category)
- ovr (subject category)
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