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Gamma-Ray Flares fr...
Gamma-Ray Flares from the Crab Nebula
- Article/chapterEnglish2011
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS),2011
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:su-67516
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-67516URI
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https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199705DOI
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Language:English
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Summary in:English
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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
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authorCount :168
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A young and energetic pulsar powers the well-known Crab Nebula. Here, we describe two separate gamma-ray (photon energy greater than 100 mega-electron volts) flares from this source detected by the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The first flare occurred in February 2009 and lasted approximately 16 days. The second flare was detected in September 2010 and lasted approximately 4 days. During these outbursts, the gamma-ray flux from the nebula increased by factors of four and six, respectively. The brevity of the flares implies that the gamma rays were emitted via synchrotron radiation from peta-electron-volt (10(15) electron volts) electrons in a region smaller than 1.4 x 10(-2) parsecs. These are the highest-energy particles that can be associated with a discrete astronomical source, and they pose challenges to particle acceleration theory.
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Ackermann, M.
(author)
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Ajello, M.
(author)
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Allafort, A.
(author)
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Baldini, L.
(author)
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Ballet, J.
(author)
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Barbiellini, G.
(author)
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Bastieri, D.
(author)
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Bechtol, K.
(author)
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Bellazzini, R.
(author)
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Berenji, B.
(author)
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Blandford, R. D.
(author)
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Bloom, E. D.
(author)
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Bonamente, E.
(author)
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Borgland, A. W.
(author)
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Bouvier, A.
(author)
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Brandt, T. J.
(author)
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Bregeon, J.
(author)
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Brez, A.
(author)
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Brigida, M.
(author)
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Bruel, P.
(author)
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Buehler, R.
(author)
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Buson, S.
(author)
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Caliandro, G. A.
(author)
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Cameron, R. A.
(author)
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Cannon, A.
(author)
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Caraveo, P. A.
(author)
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Casandjian, J. M.
(author)
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Celik, O.
(author)
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Charles, E.
(author)
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Chekhtman, A.
(author)
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Cheung, C. C.
(author)
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Chiang, J.
(author)
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Ciprini, S.
(author)
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Claus, R.
(author)
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Cohen-Tanugi, J.
(author)
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Costamante, L.
(author)
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Cutini, S.
(author)
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D'Ammando, F.
(author)
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Dermer, C. D.
(author)
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de Angelis, A.
(author)
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de Luca, A.
(author)
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de Palma, F.
(author)
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Digel, S. W.
(author)
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do Couto e Silva, E.
(author)
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Drell, P. S.
(author)
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Drlica-Wagner, A.
(author)
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Dubois, R.
(author)
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Dumora, D.
(author)
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Favuzzi, C.
(author)
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Fegan, S. J.
(author)
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Ferrara, E. C.
(author)
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Focke, W. B.
(author)
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Fortin, P.
(author)
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Frailis, M.
(author)
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Fukazawa, Y.
(author)
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Funk, S.
(author)
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Fusco, P.
(author)
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Gargano, F.
(author)
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Gasparrini, D.
(author)
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Gehrels, N.
(author)
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Germani, S.
(author)
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Giglietto, N.
(author)
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Giordano, F.
(author)
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Giroletti, M.
(author)
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Glanzman, T.
(author)
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Godfrey, G.
(author)
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Grenier, I. A.
(author)
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Grondin, M. -H
(author)
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Grove, J. E.
(author)
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Guiriec, S.
(author)
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Hadasch, D.
(author)
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Hanabata, Y.
(author)
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Harding, A. K.
(author)
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Hayashi, K.
(author)
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Hayashida, M.
(author)
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Hays, E.
(author)
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Horan, D.
(author)
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Itoh, R.
(author)
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Johannesson, G.
(author)
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Johnson, A. S.
(author)
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Johnson, T. J.
(author)
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Khangulyan, D.
(author)
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Kamae, T.
(author)
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Katagiri, H.
(author)
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Kataoka, J.
(author)
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Kerr, M.
(author)
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Knoedlseder, J.
(author)
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Kuss, M.
(author)
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Lande, J.
(author)
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Latronico, L.
(author)
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Lee, S. -H
(author)
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Lemoine-Goumard, M.
(author)
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Longo, F.
(author)
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Loparco, F.
(author)
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Lubrano, P.
(author)
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Madejski, G. M.
(author)
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Makeev, A.
(author)
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Marelli, M.
(author)
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Mazziotta, M. N.
(author)
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McEnery, J. E.
(author)
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Michelson, P. F.
(author)
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Mitthumsiri, W.
(author)
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Mizuno, T.
(author)
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Moiseev, A. A.
(author)
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Monte, C.
(author)
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Monzani, M. E.
(author)
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Morselli, A.
(author)
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Moskalenko, I. V.
(author)
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Murgia, S.
(author)
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Nakamori, T.
(author)
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Naumann-Godo, M.
(author)
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Nolan, P. L.
(author)
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Norris, J. P.
(author)
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Nuss, E.
(author)
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Ohsugi, T.
(author)
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Okumura, A.
(author)
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Omodei, N.
(author)
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Ormes, J. F.
(author)
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Ozaki, M.
(author)
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Paneque, D.
(author)
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Parent, D.
(author)
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Pelassa, V.
(author)
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Pepe, M.
(author)
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Pesce-Rollins, M.
(author)
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Pierbattista, M.
(author)
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Piron, F.
(author)
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Porter, T. A.
(author)
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Raino, S.
(author)
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Rando, R.
(author)
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Ray, P. S.
(author)
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Razzano, M.
(author)
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Reimer, A.
(author)
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Reimer, O.
(author)
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Reposeur, T.
(author)
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Ritz, S.
(author)
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Romani, R. W.
(author)
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Sadrozinski, H. F. -W
(author)
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Sanchez, D.
(author)
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Parkinson, P. M. Saz
(author)
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Scargle, J. D.
(author)
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Schalk, T. L.
(author)
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Sgro, C.
(author)
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Siskind, E. J.
(author)
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Smith, P. D.
(author)
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Spandre, G.
(author)
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Spinelli, P.
(author)
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Strickman, M. S.
(author)
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Suson, D. J.
(author)
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Takahashi, H.
(author)
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Takahashi, T.
(author)
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Tanaka, T.
(author)
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Thayer, J. B.
(author)
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Thompson, D. J.
(author)
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Tibaldo, L.
(author)
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Torres, D. F.
(author)
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Tosti, G.
(author)
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Tramacere, A.
(author)
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Troja, E.
(author)
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Uchiyama, Y.
(author)
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Vandenbroucke, J.
(author)
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Vasileiou, V.
(author)
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Vianello, G.
(author)
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Vitale, V.
(author)
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Wang, P.
(author)
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Wood, K. S.
(author)
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Yang, ZhaoyuStockholms universitet,Fysikum,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC)(Swepub:su)zhaoyu
(author)
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Ziegler, M.
(author)
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Stockholms universitetFysikum
(creator_code:org_t)
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In:Science: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)331:6018, s. 739-7420036-80751095-9203
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- By the author/editor
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Abdo, A. A.
-
Ackermann, M.
-
Ajello, M.
-
Allafort, A.
-
Baldini, L.
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Ballet, J.
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show more...
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Barbiellini, G.
-
Bastieri, D.
-
Bechtol, K.
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Bellazzini, R.
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Berenji, B.
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Blandford, R. D.
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Bloom, E. D.
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Bonamente, E.
-
Borgland, A. W.
-
Bouvier, A.
-
Brandt, T. J.
-
Bregeon, J.
-
Brez, A.
-
Brigida, M.
-
Bruel, P.
-
Buehler, R.
-
Buson, S.
-
Caliandro, G. A.
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Cameron, R. A.
-
Cannon, A.
-
Caraveo, P. A.
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Casandjian, J. M ...
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Celik, O.
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Charles, E.
-
Chekhtman, A.
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Cheung, C. C.
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Chiang, J.
-
Ciprini, S.
-
Claus, R.
-
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
-
Costamante, L.
-
Cutini, S.
-
D'Ammando, F.
-
Dermer, C. D.
-
de Angelis, A.
-
de Luca, A.
-
de Palma, F.
-
Digel, S. W.
-
do Couto e Silva ...
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Drell, P. S.
-
Drlica-Wagner, A ...
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Dubois, R.
-
Dumora, D.
-
Favuzzi, C.
-
Fegan, S. J.
-
Ferrara, E. C.
-
Focke, W. B.
-
Fortin, P.
-
Frailis, M.
-
Fukazawa, Y.
-
Funk, S.
-
Fusco, P.
-
Gargano, F.
-
Gasparrini, D.
-
Gehrels, N.
-
Germani, S.
-
Giglietto, N.
-
Giordano, F.
-
Giroletti, M.
-
Glanzman, T.
-
Godfrey, G.
-
Grenier, I. A.
-
Grondin, M. -H
-
Grove, J. E.
-
Guiriec, S.
-
Hadasch, D.
-
Hanabata, Y.
-
Harding, A. K.
-
Hayashi, K.
-
Hayashida, M.
-
Hays, E.
-
Horan, D.
-
Itoh, R.
-
Johannesson, G.
-
Johnson, A. S.
-
Johnson, T. J.
-
Khangulyan, D.
-
Kamae, T.
-
Katagiri, H.
-
Kataoka, J.
-
Kerr, M.
-
Knoedlseder, J.
-
Kuss, M.
-
Lande, J.
-
Latronico, L.
-
Lee, S. -H
-
Lemoine-Goumard, ...
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Longo, F.
-
Loparco, F.
-
Lubrano, P.
-
Madejski, G. M.
-
Makeev, A.
-
Marelli, M.
-
Mazziotta, M. N.
-
McEnery, J. E.
-
Michelson, P. F.
-
Mitthumsiri, W.
-
Mizuno, T.
-
Moiseev, A. A.
-
Monte, C.
-
Monzani, M. E.
-
Morselli, A.
-
Moskalenko, I. V ...
-
Murgia, S.
-
Nakamori, T.
-
Naumann-Godo, M.
-
Nolan, P. L.
-
Norris, J. P.
-
Nuss, E.
-
Ohsugi, T.
-
Okumura, A.
-
Omodei, N.
-
Ormes, J. F.
-
Ozaki, M.
-
Paneque, D.
-
Parent, D.
-
Pelassa, V.
-
Pepe, M.
-
Pesce-Rollins, M ...
-
Pierbattista, M.
-
Piron, F.
-
Porter, T. A.
-
Raino, S.
-
Rando, R.
-
Ray, P. S.
-
Razzano, M.
-
Reimer, A.
-
Reimer, O.
-
Reposeur, T.
-
Ritz, S.
-
Romani, R. W.
-
Sadrozinski, H. ...
-
Sanchez, D.
-
Parkinson, P. M. ...
-
Scargle, J. D.
-
Schalk, T. L.
-
Sgro, C.
-
Siskind, E. J.
-
Smith, P. D.
-
Spandre, G.
-
Spinelli, P.
-
Strickman, M. S.
-
Suson, D. J.
-
Takahashi, H.
-
Takahashi, T.
-
Tanaka, T.
-
Thayer, J. B.
-
Thompson, D. J.
-
Tibaldo, L.
-
Torres, D. F.
-
Tosti, G.
-
Tramacere, A.
-
Troja, E.
-
Uchiyama, Y.
-
Vandenbroucke, J ...
-
Vasileiou, V.
-
Vianello, G.
-
Vitale, V.
-
Wang, P.
-
Wood, K. S.
-
Yang, Zhaoyu
-
Ziegler, M.
-
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