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The influence of pr...
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Gylling, Anne Theil
(author)
The influence of prolonged strength training upon muscle and fat in healthy and chronically diseased older adults
- Article/chapterEnglish2020
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Elsevier,2020
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:umu-172867
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172867URI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2020.110939DOI
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Language:English
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Summary in:English
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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
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Background: Physical muscle function and brain hippocampus size declines with age, accelerating after the age of 60. Strength training over a few months improves physical function, but less is known about how long-term strength training affects physical function and hippocampus volume. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of 1-year strength training of two different intensities upon muscle mass, function, and hippocampus volume in retirement-age individuals.Methods: In this multidisciplinary randomized controlled trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02123641), participants were allocated to either a) supervised, heavy resistance training (HRT, n = 149, 3/wk), b) moderate intensity resistance training (MIT, n = 154, 3/wk) or c) non-exercise activities (CON, n = 148). 451 participants were randomized (62-70 yrs., women 61%, approximate to 80% with a chronic medical disease) and 419 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis (n = 143, 144 and 132; HRT, MIT and CON). Changes in muscle power (primary outcome), strength and size, physical function, body composition, hippocampus volume and physical/mental well-being were analyzed.Findings: Of the participants (HRT + MIT), 83% completed training at least 2/week. Leg extensor power was unchanged in all groups, but strength training had a positive effect on isometric knee extensor strength in both groups, whereas an increased muscle mass, cross-sectional area of vastus lateralis muscle, a decreased whole-body fat percentage, visceral fat content and an improved mental health (SF-36) occurred in HRT only. Further, chair-stand performance improved in all groups, whereas hippocampus volume decreased in all groups over time with no influence of strength training.Interpretation: Together, the results indicate that leg extensor power did not respond to long-term supervised strength training, but this type of training in a mixed group of healthy and chronically diseased elderly individuals can be implemented with good compliance and induces consistent changes in physiological parameters of muscle strength, muscle mass and abdominal fat.
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Eriksen, Christian Skou
(author)
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Garde, Ellen
(author)
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Wimmelmann, Cathrine Lawaetz
(author)
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Reislev, Nina Linde
(author)
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Bieler, Theresa
(author)
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Ziegler, Andreas Kraag
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Andersen, Kasper Winther
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Bauer, Christian
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Dideriksen, Kasper
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Baekgaard, Maria
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Mertz, Kenneth Hudlebusch
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Bayer, Monika Lucia
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Bloch-Ibenfeldt, Mads
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Boraxbekk, Carl-Johan,1980-Umeå universitet,Diagnostisk radiologi,Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M81 and Centre for Translational Research, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark(Swepub:umu)olncan02
(author)
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Siebner, Hartwig Roman
(author)
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Mortensen, Erik Lykke
(author)
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Kjaer, Michael
(author)
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Umeå universitetDiagnostisk radiologi
(creator_code:org_t)
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In:Experimental Gerontology: Elsevier1360531-55651873-6815
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