Incidence trends in bladder and lung cancers between Denmark, Finland and Sweden may implicate oral tobacco (snuff/snus) as a possible risk factor

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Incidence trends in bladder and lung cancers between Denmark, Finland and Sweden may implicate oral tobacco (snuff/snus) as a possible risk factor

Hemminki, Kari (author): Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic; Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg, Germany

Försti, Asta (author): Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany

Hemminki, Akseli (author): Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Ljungberg, Börje, Professor, 1949- (author): Umeå universitet,Urologi och andrologi

Hemminki, Otto (author): Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network and University of Toronto, ON, Toronto, Canada; Department of Urology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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2021-05-25
2021
English.
In: BMC Cancer. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2407. ; 21:1

Related links:: https://doi.org/10.1...; show more...; https://umu.diva-por... (primary) (Raw object); https://bmccancer.bi...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.1...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

Background: The dominant risk factor for urinary bladder cancer has been cigarette smoking, but, as smoking prevalence is decreasing in many populations, other risk factors may become uncovered. Such new risk factors could be responsible for halting the declining incidence of bladder cancer. We hypothesize that snuff use by Swedish men may increase the rate for bladder cancer, as snuff contains carcinogenic nitrosamines.Methods: We carried out an ecological study by comparing incidence trends in lung and bladder cancers between Danish, Finnish and Swedish men in order to test if the Swedish bladder cancer rate deviates from the Danish and Finnish ones. We used the NORDCAN database for cancer data from 1960 through 2016 to test the hypothesis.Results: In the three countries, the incidence of lung cancer started to decrease after a peak incidence, and this was later followed by declining incidence in bladder cancer in Denmark from 1990 to 2016 by 14.3%, in Finland by 8.3% but not in Sweden (the decline of 1.4% was not significant). The difference in trends can be partly explained by the increasing incidence in Swedish men aged 70 or more years. Sweden differs from the two other countries by low male smoking prevalence but increasing use of snuff recorded by various surveys.Conclusion: The stable bladder cancer trend for Swedish men was opposite to the declining trends in Denmark, Finland and globally. We suggest that this unusual finding may be related to the increasing use of snuff by Swedish men. Average users of snuff are exposed to at least 3 times higher levels of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines than a smoker of one daily pack of cigarettes.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Cancer och onkologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Cancer and Oncology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Urologi och njurmedicin (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Urology and Nephrology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Incidence trend
Risk factors
Sex difference
Snuffing
Tobacco products

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By the author/editor: Hemminki, Kari; Försti, Asta; Hemminki, Akseli; Ljungberg, Börje ...; Hemminki, Otto

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Cancer and Oncol ...

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Urology and Neph ...

Articles in the publication: BMC Cancer

By the university: Umeå University

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