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Examining the causa...
Examining the causal association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and caries in children and adults : A two-sample Mendelian randomization approach
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- Dodhia, Serena A. (author)
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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- West, Nicola X. (author)
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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- Thomas, Steven J. (author)
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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- Timpson, Nicholas J. (author)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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- Johansson, Ingegerd (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för odontologi
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- Lif Holgerson, Pernilla (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för odontologi
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- Dudding, Tom (author)
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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- Haworth, Simon (author)
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-07-20
- 2021
- English.
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In: Wellcome Open Research. - : F1000 Research Ltd. - 2398-502X. ; 5
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Abstract
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- Background: Prior observational studies have reported that higher levels of vitamin D are associated with decreased caries risk in children. However, these studies are prone to bias and confounding so do not provide causal inference. Genetic variants associated with a risk factor of interest can be used as proxies, in a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, to test for causal association with an outcome. The objective was to estimate the causal association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (the commonly measured vitamin D metabolite in blood) and dental caries using a two-sample MR approach which estimates the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome.Methods: A total of 79 genetic variants reliably associated with 25(OH)D were identified from genome-wide association studies and used as a proxy measure of 25(OH)D. The association of this proxy measure with three outcome measures was tested; specifically: caries in primary teeth (n=17,035, aged 3-12 years), caries in permanent teeth in childhood and adolescence (n=13,386, aged 6-18 years), and caries severity in adulthood proxied by decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces (DMFS) counts (n=26,792, aged 18-93 years).Results: The estimated causal effect of a one standard deviation increase in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D could be summarized as an odds ratio of 1.06 (95%CI: 0.81, 1.31; P=0.66) for caries in primary teeth and 1.00 (95%CI: 0.76, 1.23; P=0.97) for caries in permanent teeth in childhood and adolescence. In adults, the estimated casual effect of a one standard deviation increase in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D was 0.31 fewer affected tooth surfaces (95%CI: from 1.81 fewer DMFS to 1.19 more DMFS; P=0.68)Conclusions: The MR-derived effect estimates for these three measures are small in magnitude with wide confidence intervals and do not provide evidence for a causal relationship between 25(OH)D and dental caries.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Odontologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Dentistry (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D
- Dental caries
- Mendelian randomization
- Vitamin D
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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