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Long-term residential exposure to particulate matter and its components, nitrogen dioxide and ozone : a northern sweden cohort study on mortality
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- Nilsson Sommar, Johan (author)
- Umeå universitet,Avdelningen för hållbar hälsa
- Hvidtfeldt, Ulla (author)
- Geels, Camilla (author)
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- Frohn, Lise M. (author)
- Brandt, Jørgen (author)
- Christensen, Jesper H. (author)
- Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole (author)
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- (creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-08-11
- 2021
- English.
- In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:16
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5 ), primary emitted car-bonaceous particles (BC/pOC), sea salt, chemically formed particles grouped as secondary inorganic and organic aerosols (SIA and SOA) as well as ozone (O3 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ). The exposure, as a moving average was calculated based on home address for the time windows 1 year (lag 1), 1–5 years (lag 1–5) and 1–10 years (lag 1–10) preceding the death. During the study period, 1151 cases of natural mortality, 253 cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 113 cases of respiratory and lung cancer mortality were observed during 369,394 person-years of follow-up. Increased natural mortality was observed in association with NO2 (3% [95% CI −8–14%] per IQR) and PM2.5 (2% [95% CI −5–9%] for an IQR increase) and its components, except for SOA where a decreased risk was observed. Higher risk increases were observed for CVD mortality (e.g., 18% [95% CI 1–39%] per IQR for NO2 ). These findings at low exposure levels are relevant for future decisions concerning air quality policies.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Occupational Health and Environmental Health (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Air pollution components
- Carbonaceous particles
- Mortality
- Sea salt
- Secondary inorganic aerosols
- Secondary organic aerosols
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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