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Functional brain im...
Functional brain imaging of sensorimotor dysfunction and restoration : investigations of discomplete spinal cord injury and deep brain stimulation for essential tremor
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- Awad, Amar, 1988- (author)
- Umeå universitet,Fysiologi
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- Eriksson, Johan, Associate professor (thesis advisor)
- Umeå universitet,Umeå centrum för funktionell hjärnavbildning (UFBI),Fysiologi
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- Blomstedt, Patric, Professor (thesis advisor)
- Umeå universitet,Neurovetenskaper
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- Levi, Richard, Professor (thesis advisor)
- Umeå universitet,Rehabiliteringsmedicin
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- Nyberg, Lars, Professor, 1966- (thesis advisor)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för strålningsvetenskaper,Umeå centrum för funktionell hjärnavbildning (UFBI),Fysiologi
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- Helmich, Rick, MD, PhD (opponent)
- Department of neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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(creator_code:org_t)
- ISBN 9789178558377
- Umeå : Umeå University, 2022
- English 136 s.
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Series: Umeå University medical dissertations, 0346-6612 ; 2194
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- The nervous system exists to generate adaptive behaviour by processing sensory input from the body and the environment in order to produce appropriate motor output, and vice versa. Consequently, sensorimotor dysfunction is the basis of disability in most neurological pathologies. In the current thesis, I explore two conditions with different types and degrees of sensorimotor dysfunction by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In part 1, I assess residual sensory connections to the brain in clinically complete spinal cord injury (SCI) with seemingly complete loss of sensorimotor function below the injury level. In part 2, fMRI is combined with deep brain stimulation (DBS) to investigate interventional mechanisms of restoring dysfunctional sensorimotor control in essential tremor (ET).Part 1: SCI disrupts the communication between the brain and below-injury body parts, but rarely results in complete anatomical transection of the spinal cord. In studies I and II, we demonstrate somatosensory cortex activation due to somatosensory (tactile and nociceptive) stimulation on below-level insensate body parts in clinically complete SCI. The results from studies I and II indicate preserved somatosensory conduction across the spinal lesion in some cases of clinically complete SCI, as classified according to international standards. This subgroup is referred to as sensory discomplete SCI, which represents a distinct injury phenotype with an intermediate degree of injury severity between clinically complete and incomplete SCI.Part 2: ET is effectively treated with DBS in the caudal zona incerta, but the neural mechanisms underlying the treatment effect are poorly understood. By exploring DBS mechanisms with fMRI, DBS was shown to cause modulation in the activity of the sensorimotor cerebello-cerebral regions during motor tasks (study III), but did not modulate the functional connectivity during resting-state (study IV).fMRI is a valuable tool to investigate sensorimotor dysfunction and restoration in SCI and DBS-treated ET. There is evidence for sensory discomplete SCI in about half of the patients with clinically complete SCI. DBS modulates DBS modulation of the activity in the sensorimotor cerebello-cerebral circuit during motor tasks, but not during resting-state, is action-dependent.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Neurologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Neurology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Sensorimotor control
- fMRI
- discomplete spinal cord injury
- essential tremor
- deep brain stimulation
- cerebello-thalamo-cerebral circuit
- Physiology
- fysiologi
- neurokirurgi
- Neurosurgery
- Neurology
- neurologi
- rehabiliteringsmedicin
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Publication and Content Type
- vet (subject category)
- dok (subject category)
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Awad, Amar, 1988 ...
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Eriksson, Johan, ...
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Blomstedt, Patri ...
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Levi, Richard, P ...
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Nyberg, Lars, Pr ...
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Helmich, Rick, M ...
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Basic Medicine
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and Neurosciences
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Clinical Medicin ...
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and Neurology
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