The release of S-100B and NSE in severe traumatic head injury is associated with APOE epsilon 4

• In this article we tested the hypothesis that the level of two biochemical markers of brain injury may be associated with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele. In this prospective consecutive study patients with sTBI were included (n = 48). Inclusion criteria were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 8 at the time of intubation and sedation, patient age between 15 and 70 years, an initial cerebral perfusion pressure > 10 mmHg, and arrival to our level-one trauma university hospital within 24 h after trauma. Blood samples for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100B were collected as soon as possibly after arrival, and then twice daily (12-h intervals) for 5 consecutive days. Venous blood was used for APOE genotype determination. Clinical outcome at 3 months after injury was assessed with the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE). Significantly higher levels of the maximal S-100B (S-100B(max)) and area under the curve (S-100B(AUC)) were found in subjects with the APOE epsilon 4 allele compared to those with non-epsilon 4. A similar tendency was observed for NSEmax and NSEAUC, though not statistically significant. Our data indicate that there might be a gene-induced susceptibility to severe traumatic brain injury and that patients with the APOE epsilon 4 allele may be more predisposed to brain cellular damage measured as S-100B and NSE. Thus, it seems to be of importance to consider the APOE genotype in interpreting the levels of the biomarkers.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Severe traumatic brain injury

APOE epsilon 4

S-100B

NSE

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)