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- Kemkemer, Claus (author)
Enrichment of brain-related genes on the mammalian X chromosome is ancient and predates the divergence of synapsid and sauropsid lineages
- Article/chapterEnglish2009
Publisher, publication year, extent ...
- 2009-09-04
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC,2009
- printrdacarrier
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- LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-112613
- https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-112613URI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-009-9072-8DOI
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- Language:English
- Summary in:English
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- SwePubSwePub
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Notes
- Previous studies have revealed an enrichment of reproduction- and brain-related genes on the human X chromosome. In the present study, we investigated the evolutionary history that underlies this functional specialization. To do so, we analyzed the orthologous building blocks of the mammalian X chromosome in the chicken genome. We used Affymetrix chicken genome microarrays to determine tissue-selective gene expression in several tissues of the chicken, including testis and brain. Subsequently, chromosomal distribution of genes with tissue-selective expression was determined. These analyzes provided several new findings. Firstly, they showed that chicken chromosomes orthologous to the mammalian X chromosome exhibited an increased concentration of genes expressed selectively in brain. More specifically, the highest concentration of brain-selectively expressed genes was found on chicken chromosome GGA12, which shows orthology to the X chromosomal regions with the highest enrichment of non-syndromic X-linked mental retardation (MRX) genes. Secondly, and in contrast to the first finding, no enrichment of testis-selective genes could be detected on these chicken chromosomes. These findings indicate that the accumulation of brain-related genes on the prospective mammalian X chromosome antedates the divergence of sauropsid and synapsid lineages 315 million years ago, whereas the accumulation of testis-related genes on the mammalian X chromosome is more recent and due to adaptational changes.
Subject headings and genre
- NATURVETENSKAP Biologi hsv//swe
- NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences hsv//eng
- Chromosome evolution
- Vertebrate sex chromosomes
- Gene expression
- Gene enrichment
- Biology
- Biologi
Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)
- Kohn, Matthias (author)
- Kehrer-Sawatzki, Hildegard (author)
- Fundele, Reinald HUppsala universitet,Zoologisk utvecklingsbiologi(Swepub:uu)refu535 (author)
- Hameister, Horst (author)
- Uppsala universitetZoologisk utvecklingsbiologi (creator_code:org_t)
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- In:Chromosome Research: Springer Science and Business Media LLC17:6, s. 811-8200967-38491573-6849
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